OXALATE CONCENTRATION IN FEEDS AND ITS METABOLISM BY PONIES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1107-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. CYMBALUK ◽  
J. D. MILLAR ◽  
D. A. CHRISTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Latin Square ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Oxalate Concentration ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Preferential Binding ◽  
Key Words Oxalate ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Made In

Total oxalate and calcium determinations were made in 200 feed samples. Legume hays contained more oxalate than legume-grass, grass (including brome and timothy), native grass and cereal hays (P < 0.05). Grass, native and cereal hays contained low calcium and low to moderate oxalate concentrations. Based on molar ratios and the assumption of preferential binding of calcium by oxalate, it was estimated that about 25% of calcium in legume and legume-grass hays could be bound by oxalate. Similarly, oxalate might bind 38–44% of the calcium contained in native grass and cereal hays and would exacerbate the low calcium content of these hays. Only one hay, a kochia, had oxalate concentrations (3.2%) known to cause acute toxicity in livestock. Oxalate concentration was positively correlated to calcium concentration (r = 0.69). Chopped alfalfa, oat, brome, and slough hay and pelleted alfalfa, oat and barley hays were fed to ponies in two separate Latin square experiments. Apparent oxalate digestibilities were determined to be 48–88%. Cereal hays had the highest apparent oxalate digestibilities in both trials (73–88%) (P < 0.05). Key words: Oxalate, calcium, forages, ponies

Administration of caseinomacropeptide-enriched extract to mice enhances the calcium content of femur in a low-calcium diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Burns ◽  
A. Binetti ◽  
P. Torti ◽  
U. Kulozik ◽  
L. Forzani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Content ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium

The Direct Effect of Calcium on the Hyperparathyroidism of Chronic Renal Failure

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-484
Author(s):  
M. Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium

1. The direct effect of calcium on the hyperparathyroidism of chronic renal failure was studied in rats with induced chronic renal failure, who were fed on a diet low in phosphate and who received supplemental phosphate by injection. They were given a normal (0·8%), or low (0·1%) or high (1·7%) calcium diet. 2. The animals on the low calcium diet had larger parathyroids and more severe bone disease at the end of 4 weeks, indicating the importance of calcium intake in directly influencing the degree of hyperparathyroidism. 3. Increasing the calcium content of the diet from 0·8% to 1·7% produced no additional benefits.

Adrenalectomy decreases NaCl intake of rats fed low-calcium diets

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (1) ◽  
pp. R11-R21 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Tordoff
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Adrenocortical Hormone ◽  
Intact Rats

Five studies were conducted to characterize the effects on NaCl intake of the interaction between adrenalectomy (ADX) and dietary calcium. Intact rats fed low-calcium diets (0 or 25 mmol Ca2+/kg diet) approximately quadrupled intake of 300 or 500 mM NaCl solution relative to intact rats fed diets with moderate or high calcium content (125, 150, or 500 mmol Ca2+/kg diet) ADX approximately doubled NaCl intake of rats fed moderate or high-calcium diets but decreased NaCl intake of rats fed low-calcium diets to levels similar to those of ADX rats fed moderate of high-calcium diets. Aldosterone replacement (2.4 micrograms/day sc) reduced NaCl intake of ADX rats fed control diets to below levels of intact controls, but the same treatment to ADX rats fed low-calcium diet had no effect on NaCl intake. The reduction in NaCl intake produced by ADX in rats fed low-calcium diet could not be attributed to general debilitation, damage to the adrenal medulla, or altered metabolism of sodium or calcium (i.e., plasma concentration, bone content, or balance). It is proposed that an adrenocortical hormone other than aldosterone mediates the high salt intake of the calcium-deprived rat, and thus the adrenal has both inhibitory and excitatory actions on NaCl intake.

Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on Aminoaciduria and Intestinal Transport of Amino Acids in the Rat

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 972-977
Author(s):  
Claude L. Morin ◽  
Jean Léveillé ◽  
Victor Ling
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Intestinal Transport ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Normal Calcium

Generalized hyperaminoaciduria and hyperphosphaturia are associated with human vitamin D deficiency rickets and the effect has been reproduced in animals. The basis for the renal transport impairment was attributed to secondary hyperparathyroidism resulting from hypocalcemia.In this study we attempted over a 16-week period to induce hyperaminoaciduria in Holtzman rats with vitamin D deficient diets of varying calcium content (0.4% and 0.04%) so as to investigate the possibility of a concomitant defect in intestinal transport of amino acids. Despite signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism, generalized hyperaminoaciduria was not in evidence in any of the groups. However, increased urinary excretion of lysine and taurine was demonstrated in rats fed a low calcium diet without vitamin D (LCa−D). The same observation was also made for taurine in rats deprived of vitamin D and on a normal calcium diet (NCa−D) and in animals fed a low calcium diet with vitamin D (LCa+D). The results failed to show any effect of vitamin D deficiency, hypocalcemia, or secondary hyperparathyroidism on the intestinal transport of lysine, alanine, and cycloleucine.

Very low calcium content of cochlear endolymph, an extracellular fluid

Nature ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 273 (5661) ◽  
pp. 377-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. BOSHER ◽  
R. L. WARREN
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Low Calcium

INFLUENCE ON SOME RUMEN AND BLOOD PARAMETERS OF FEEDING ACETOHYDROXAMIC ACID IN A UREA-CONTAINING RATION FOR LAMBS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. JONES ◽  
J. D. MILLIGAN
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Acetohydroxamic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration

A 4 × 4 latin square design experiment, involving four fistulated Dorset–Columbia crossbred lambs, was used to determine the effects of feeding the urease inhibitor acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) with a urea-containing ration on some parameters of the rumen fermentation and blood. AHA, administered in the feed at concentrations up to and including 1.5%, markedly depressed rumen urease activity and the peak concentration of rumen ammonia. The maximum AHA concentration achieved in the rumen solution was 32.29 ± 14.26 mg per 100 ml, and thereafter the concentration dropped by 66% during the next 2 h. No evidence was found for an effect of AHA upon rumen pH, viable bacterial count, total protozoal count, total volatile fatty acid concentration, molar ratios of acetate, propionate and n-butyrate, or upon blood urea-nitrogen concentration. Traces of AHA were found in peripheral blood both 1 and 3 h after feeding, showing that AHA is absorbed from the ruminant digestive tract. It was concluded that AHA did not influence major parameters of the rumen fermentation at concentrations that effectively inhibited rumen urease.

The digestibility and acceptability to sheep of chopped or milled barley straw soaked or sprayed with alkali

1972 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fernandez Carmona ◽  
J. F. D. Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Made In

SUMMARYThe main objective of the experiments described was to compare the effects of milling straw and/or soaking or spraying it with sodium hydroxide on its digestibility and acceptability to sheep. Some preliminary trials were made in the laboratory to compare different alkali treatments with respect to losses of organic matter, chemical composition and digestibility in vitro.In a feeding trial of Latin-square design, involving six sheep, the following treatments of barley straw were compared: C, chopped; M, coarsely-milled; OIL, chopped and soaked in 1·5% NaOH (9 g NaOH/100 g straw); CIH, chopped and soaked in 3·0% NaOH (18 g/100 g straw); CS, chopped and sprayed with 16 % NaOH (8 g/100 g straw); MS, milled and sprayed with 16 % NaOH. After treatments OIL and CIH the straw was washed; this caused losses of organic matter of 28 and 32%, respectively. For CS and CM the excess NaOH was neutralized by addition of 7·4 ml propionic acid/100 g straw.The straws were given with supplements of purified soya protein, minerals and vitamins. The digestibility of energy for the straw was (%): C, 40·4; M, 39·1; CIL, 65·0; CIH, 64·4; CS, 57·3; MS, 60·2. Dry-matter intake (g/kg W0·75 per day) was: C, 26·7; M, 36·2; CIL, 37·1; CIH, 44·2; CS, 48·4; MS 53·6.

Calcium nutrition in relation to the occurrence of internal browning in Brussels sprouts

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 863 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Millikan ◽  
BC Hanger
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Content ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Calcium Nutrition ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Internal Browning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Magnesium Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Brussels sprouts, cv. Long Island, grown in sand cultures supplied with either normal or low-calcium nutrient solutions, were used to study the relationship between internal browning of sprouts and the calcium regime of the plants. The interaction of ammonium, magnesium, and potassium ions with calcium nutrition, and the susceptibility of four locally selected strains of Brussels sprouts to the disorder, were also investigated. No symptoms, in either the sprouts or the growing points, were found in plants grown under normal calcium nutrition, but each of the low-calcium treatments, irrespective of other cations, induced a significant amount of internal browning in sprouts. The incidence was greatest in the low-calcium high-magnesium, and least in the low-calcium high-ammonium treatments. Calcium deficiency symptoms of the growing points were most severe in the low-calcium high-magnesium treatment, and only this treatment significantly reduced plant yield. Internal browning occurred in the four strains when grown under the low-calcium high-magnesium treatment. Two strains (Bepi and original early) were more severely affected and developed symptoms earlier than the other two (Sartori and mid-season). However, the Sartori strain was the only one in which low calcium nutrition reduced yield. The calcium content in the sprouts decreased from the wrapper to the meristematic region. In leaves, the calcium content was highest in the leaf margin in all strains except mid-season. Low calcium nutrition greatly reduced the calcium content in sprouts and leaves.

scholarly journals Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Fibre on the Behavior of Geopolymer Concrete under Sulphate Attack

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 01106
Author(s):  
T. Srinivas ◽  
Thandra Arun ◽  
N.V. Ramana Rao
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Sulphate Attack ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
Bagasse Fibre ◽  
Made In ◽  
Sugarcane Industry

The use of various fibres such as steel, glass, sugarcane bagasse, and others has a considerable impact on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. Sugarcane bagasse fibre is a byproduct from the sugarcane industry that can be reused as a concrete fibre. This paper objective is to work on the behaviour of sugarcane bagasse fibre on low calcium fly ash and slag based geopolymer concrete of G40 which is equivalent to M40 grade, when it is exposed to 5% sulphate attack with the help of experiments. The specimens were casted, GPC and GPCF Cured in an oven at 60 ° C for 24 hours, then let to cure in the atmosphere until the test is complete. After 28 days, the specimens were immersed in sulphates such as Na2SO4 and MgSO4 for 15, 45, and 75 days, and then tested according to codal standards on 15, 45, and 75 days. The comparisons were made in a controlled concrete environment (CC), controlled concrete with sugarcane bagasse fibre (CCF), geopolymer concrete (GPC) and geopolymer concrete with sugarcane bagasse fibre (GPCF). From the results it is observed that CCF and GPCF showed more resistant than CC and GPC when it is subjected to sulphate attack.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document