scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FEEDING FREQUENCY ON PASSAGE OF FLUID AND PARTICULATE MARKERS IN STEERS FED A CONCENTRATE DIET

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. GOETSCH ◽  
M. L. GALYEAN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Fecal Sampling

Four beef steers were used to study the influence of feeding a 75% concentrate diet twice (2 ×) versus eight times (8 ×) daily on fluid and particulate passage rate estimates. Passage of ruthenium phenanthroline was not altered by feeding frequency; however, particulate dilution rates differed (P < 0.05) when determined by rumen sampling compared with fecal sampling in 2 ×, but not in 8 × steers. Passage of cobalt ethylenediamine tetracetic acid determined from fecal sampling was higher (P < 0.05) in 8 × than in 2 × steers, but ruminal estimates did not differ. Molar proportions of acetate and butyrate were higher (P < 0.05) and propionate lower (P < 0.05) in 8 × than in 2 × steers. Key words: Feeding frequency, particulate and fluid passage, rumen fermentation

PARTICULATE AND FLUID PASSAGE STUDIES IN SHEEP FED A HAY-BASED DIET

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. PONCET ◽  
A. AL ABD
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Digesta Passage

Cr-mordanted fiber, Cr-impregnated cellulose, 169ytterbium, 51Cr-EDT and PEG were compared as digesta passage rate markers in the stomachs and the whole tract in sheep fed hay (80%) and concentrates (20%). Mean retention times of the particulate markers are in the order Cr-mord. > Cr-cell > 169Yb. Cr-EDTA gives more consistent results than PEG. Key words: Particulate markers, fluid markers, mean retention time, rumen, whole tract, feeding frequency, hay, sheep

Effects of glycerin on receiving performance and health status of beef steers and nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of growing steers1

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 4277-4289 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Hales ◽  
K. J. Kraich ◽  
R. G. Bondurant ◽  
B. E. Meyer ◽  
M. K. Luebbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Beef Steers

Effect of Forage:Concentrate Ratios in the diet and Intake Restriction on the Rumen Fermentation and Hormone Profiles of Finishing Beef Steers.

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
C.L. Thorp ◽  
R.W.J. Steen ◽  
A.R.G. Wylie ◽  
J.D. McEvoy ◽  
C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Reducing Energy

Studies have shown that reducing energy intake by restricting dry matter intake (DMI) at a constant forage: concentrate (F:C) ratio is more effective at increasing carcass lean and reducing carcass fat content than is reducing energy intake by increasing the F:C ratio (1). Research at this Institute has also shown that, per megajoule of digestible energy (DE), diets restricted in this manner are 45 % more efficient at producing carcass lean.The mechanism by which these methods of restriction result in these differences in carcass composition has previously been assumed to be that of rumen fermentation. More recently however, the significance of rumen fermentation in controlling the carcass composition of beef cattle has been questioned (2,3).The aim of this experiment was to examine the effect of decreasing the F:C ratio, at constant DE and DMI, on both rumen and endocrinological parameters, in particular the hormones insulin and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), in finishing beef steers.

THE EFFECTS OF WITHHOLDING FEED AND WATER ON SELECTIVE BLOOD METABOLITES IN MARKET-WEIGHT BEEF STEERS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. SCHAEFER ◽  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
P. LEPAGE ◽  
N. L. MURRAY
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Serum Chloride

Eighty crossbred beef steers weighing an average of 493.4 ± 3.2 kg were allocated to five treatment groups of 0, 12, 24, 36 or 48 h off feed and water in order to examine the effects on selective blood metabolites. Progressive increases (P = 0.01) were observed in serum chloride, red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit simultaneously with reductions in serum glucose and, by implication, plasma volume. Changes were most noticeable between 24 and 36 h off feed and water. Key words: Cattle, fasting, metabolites, carcass

NUTRITIONAL STRATEGY

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. SNIFFEN ◽  
P. H. ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cycle Basis ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Nutritional Strategy ◽  
Animal Metabolism ◽  
Lactation Cycle

The contents of Nutritional Strategy are discussed both on a growth and lactation cycle basis. The importance of allocation of feeds over these cycles based on dynamic considerations of feed and animal are proposed. The concept of within-day strategy is discussed with particular emphasis placed on the importance of ruminal microbial ecology and growth, passage and the effect on digestion. Research to date would support that there can be beneficial effects through increased feeding frequency. Further, the literature suggests that controlling fermentation through sequencing the order of feeding may improve productivity. It is proposed that once our understanding of the dynamics of rumen function and the interaction with the animal are more complete it will be possible to select more intelligently feeds that will more adequately provide maximum performance at a maximum profit. Much research is still needed to improve our understanding of the dynamics of rumen and animal metabolism and to determine the animal and feed measurements needed to predict these dynamics more accurately. Key words: Feeding strategy, feeding frequency, degradability, protein, carbohydrate, ruminant

scholarly journals Effect of incremental proportions of Desmanthus spp. in isonitrogenous forage diets on growth performance, rumen fermentation and plasma metabolites of pen-fed growing Brahman, Charbray and Droughtmaster crossbred beef steers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0260918
Author(s):  
Felista W. Mwangi ◽  
Benedicte Suybeng ◽  
Christopher P. Gardiner ◽  
Robert T. Kinobe ◽  
Edward Charmley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Cattle Health

Desmanthus (Desmanthus spp.), a tropically adapted pasture legume, is highly productive and has the potential to reduce methane emissions in beef cattle. However, liveweight gain response to desmanthus supplementation has been inconclusive in ruminants. This study aimed to evaluate weight gain, rumen fermentation and plasma metabolites of Australian tropical beef cattle in response to supplementation with incremental levels of desmanthus forage legume in isonitrogenous diets. Forty-eight Brahman, Charbray and Droughtmaster crossbred beef steers were pen-housed and fed a basal diet of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay supplemented with 0, 15, 30 or 45% freshly chopped desmanthus forage on dry matter basis, for 140 days. Varying levels of lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay were added in the 0, 15 and 30% diets to ensure that all diets were isonitrogenous with the 45% desmanthus diet. Data were analyzed using the Mixed Model procedures of SAS software. Results showed that the proportion of desmanthus in the diet had no significant effect on steer liveweight, rumen volatile fatty acids molar proportions and plasma metabolites (P ≥ 0.067). Total bilirubin ranged between 3.0 and 3.6 μmol/L for all the diet treatments (P = 0.67). All plasma metabolites measured were within the expected normal range reported for beef cattle. Rumen ammonia nitrogen content was above the 10 mg/dl threshold required to maintain effective rumen microbial activity and maximize voluntary feed intake in cattle fed low-quality tropical forages. The average daily weight gains averaged 0.5 to 0.6 kg/day (P = 0.13) and were within the range required to meet the target slaughter weight for prime beef markets within 2.5 years of age. These results indicate that desmanthus alone or mixed with other high-quality legume forages can be used to supplement grass-based diets to improve tropical beef cattle production in northern Australia with no adverse effect on cattle health.

AVOPARCIN, MONENSIN AND ZERANOL FOR STEERS FINISHING ON BARLEY DIETS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. H. COHEN ◽  
J. A. COOPER
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Production Trait ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Basal Ration

Ninety Hereford steers, weighting 362 ± 30 kg, were allocated to three replications of six treatments as follows: basal diet which consisted of 5.9 ± 0.73 kg·head−1∙day−1 steam-rolled barley at the start of the trial (78% of total diet) increasing to 10.1 ± 0.52 kg·head−1∙day−1 by the end of the trial (85% of total diet), 0.72 kg·head−1∙day−1 grass hay and 1 kg of mineral/vitamin supplement; basal diet to which 400 mg·head−1∙day−1 avoparcin was added via the mineral supplement; basal ration with added monensin given via the mineral supplement at 280 mg·head−1∙day−1; basal diet with an ear implant of zeranol; basal diet, avoparcin and zeranol; basal diet, monensin and zeranol. Average daily liveweight gains (ADG), feed intakes and carcass characteristics were measured and feed:gain ratios were calculated. Avoparcin, monensin and zeranol, when given alone, did not significantly influence any measured production trait. However, avoparcin and zeranol, when given together, increased ADG by 20.3% and reduced feed:gain ratio by 15.3% (P < 0.05). Similarly, monensin and zeranol in combination increased ADG by 24.6% and reduced feed:gain ratio by 20.7% (P < 0.05). Carcass characteristics were not influenced by any of the treatments. Key words: Avoparcin, monensin, zeranol, barley, beef steers

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