PARTICULATE AND FLUID PASSAGE STUDIES IN SHEEP FED A HAY-BASED DIET

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. PONCET ◽  
A. AL ABD
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Digesta Passage

Cr-mordanted fiber, Cr-impregnated cellulose, 169ytterbium, 51Cr-EDT and PEG were compared as digesta passage rate markers in the stomachs and the whole tract in sheep fed hay (80%) and concentrates (20%). Mean retention times of the particulate markers are in the order Cr-mord. > Cr-cell > 169Yb. Cr-EDTA gives more consistent results than PEG. Key words: Particulate markers, fluid markers, mean retention time, rumen, whole tract, feeding frequency, hay, sheep

Algebraic methods to determine total tract mean retention time of digesta in ponies given ad libitum access to pelleted diets containing different levels of unmolassed sugar beet pulp

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 48-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Hyslop
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Digesta Passage ◽  
Different Levels

Digesta passage rate may have influenced previously reported work on the intakes, apparent digestibilities and nutritive values of complete pelleted diets containing unmolassed sugar beet pulp (USBP) at levels ranging from 0-800 g/kg dry matter (DM) when offered to ponies (Hyslop, 2002). This study’s objective was to compare total tract mean retention time (TMRT) of digesta using two algebraic calculation methods in the same ponies.

Digestion and Digesta Passage in the Brushtail Possum, Trichosurus Vulpecula (Kerr).

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Wellard ◽  
ID Hume
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Significant Differentiation ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Digesta Passage

Digestion and digesta passage rate were studied in brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) fed on semipurified diets of 2 different fibre values. Increasing fibre in the diet from 17 to 41% neutral detergent fibre (NDF) depressed digestibility of DM (P<0.01), energy (P<0.001) and NDF (P<0.05). Within the high-fibre diets, but not the low-fibre diets, there were negative correlations between apparent digestibility of DM and DM intake (P<0.005) and between NDF digestibility and DM intake (P<0.001). Caecectomy had no effect on intake or digestion of DM or fibre. The average mean retention time in intact animals was 64 h for fluid and 71 h for particulate digesta. Caecectomy increased the mean retention time of fluid to 120 h (P<0.025) and of particles to 125 h (P<0.01). This increase in retention time was used to explain the lack of any significant effect of caecectomy on fibre digestibility. There was no significant differentiation in passage rate of fluid and particulate digesta. Results are discussed in relation to the role of the caecum in digestion in the brushtail possum.

scholarly journals Mathematical modelling of digesta passage rate, mean retention time and in vivo apparent digestibility of two different lengths of hay and big-bale grass silage in ponies

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. S. Moore-Colyer ◽  
H. J. Morrow ◽  
A. C. Longland
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Grass Hay

Welsh-cross pony geldings (about 300kg live weight) were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment to determine the rate of passage and apparent digestibility of unchopped big-bale grass silage (BBL), chopped big-bale grass silage (BBS), unchopped grass hay (HL) and chopped grass hay (HS) offered at approximately 15g/kg live weight per d. On day 1 of collection weeks, ponies were fed 85g ytterbium chloride hexahydrate-marked feed 1·5h after the morning meal. Total faecal collections commenced 8h later and continued for 168h. Apparent digestibilities of feed DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP, N×6·25), acid-detergent fibre (ADF) and neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) were also determined. Faecal excretion data were subjected to the models of Pond et al. (1988) and digesta mean retention time (MRT) calculated from these models and using the algebraic method of Thielmans et al. (1978). Silage had significantly (P<0·05) higher digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, ADF and NDF than hay; however, chop length had no effect. All the models of Pond et al. (1988) accurately described (R2>0·8) the pattern of faecal marker excretion. MRT of BBL (29·0h)>BBS(27h)>HS and HL (26h). Compartmental analysis using the G3 model of Pond et al. (1988) showed BBL and HS diets had longer MRT in the time-dependent compartment, whereas BBS and HL had longer MRT in the time-independent compartment. Results from this experiment indicate that BBL and BBS are readily accepted and digested by ponies. While Yb is a successful external marker for determining total tract MRT and for modelling faecal excretion curves in horses, the results did not allow any definite conclusions to be drawn on digesta MRT within the different compartments of the equid gut.

INTRAVENOUS SOMATOSTATIN INFUSION AFFECTS GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT FUNCTION IN SHEEP

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 93-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. FAICHNEY ◽  
T. N. BARRY
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Gut Function ◽  
Tract Function ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

Intravenous somatostatin infusion to anestrous ewes decreased the weight of all postomasal gut tissues, produced small increases in total 51Cr-EDTA and, 103Ru-phen mean retention times, increased the proportion of the total mean retention time spent in the abomasum + small intestine + cecum/proximal colon and decreased the proportion spent in the distal large intestine. Key words: Somatostatin, gut function, marker retention times

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FEEDING FREQUENCY ON PASSAGE OF FLUID AND PARTICULATE MARKERS IN STEERS FED A CONCENTRATE DIET

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. GOETSCH ◽  
M. L. GALYEAN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Fecal Sampling

Four beef steers were used to study the influence of feeding a 75% concentrate diet twice (2 ×) versus eight times (8 ×) daily on fluid and particulate passage rate estimates. Passage of ruthenium phenanthroline was not altered by feeding frequency; however, particulate dilution rates differed (P < 0.05) when determined by rumen sampling compared with fecal sampling in 2 ×, but not in 8 × steers. Passage of cobalt ethylenediamine tetracetic acid determined from fecal sampling was higher (P < 0.05) in 8 × than in 2 × steers, but ruminal estimates did not differ. Molar proportions of acetate and butyrate were higher (P < 0.05) and propionate lower (P < 0.05) in 8 × than in 2 × steers. Key words: Feeding frequency, particulate and fluid passage, rumen fermentation

scholarly journals Rumen parameters and passage rate in cattle fed diets based on sugarcane hydrolyzed with calcium oxide

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2783
Author(s):  
Fernando César Ferraz Lopes ◽  
Mariana Magalhães Campos ◽  
Ana Luiza Da Costa Cruz Borges ◽  
Carlos Giovani Pancoti ◽  
Ricardo Reis e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Matter Basis

Nine non-lactating Holstein x Gyr cattle were fed with rations based on chopped sugarcane supplied in natura (control) or hydrolyzed (fresh matter basis) for 24 h with 1% or 2% calcium oxide (CaO), which corresponds to 3.1% or 6.2% CaO on a dry matter (DM) basis, respectively. Ruminal parameters (pH and ammonia N, acetate, propionate and butyrate concentrations) as well as the kinetics of fluid and particulate passage in the gastrointestinal tract from cattle were evaluated. A design using three 3 x 3 contemporaneous Latin Squares (LS) was adopted. The studies of kinetics of fluid and particulate passage were performed using the external markers cobalt-EDTA and chromium-mordanted-NDF, respectively. The ruminal parameters were analyzed according to a 3 x 3 LS replicated three times with repeated measures in time using mixed models that included the fixed effects of treatment (level of CaO), time of sampling and their interaction and the following random effects: LS, animal(LS), period of LS and period*animal (LS). The kinetic parameters of fluid and particulate passage were analyzed using mixed models with treatment as a fixed effect and period of LS, animal(LS) and LS as random effects. The linear and quadratic effects of the treatments were analyzed using orthogonal contrasts. Significant differences were declared at P ? 0.05. No treatment*time interaction was observed (P > 0.05) for any ruminal parameter. A linear effect (P = 0.0279) of CaO inclusion on ruminal pH was observed, but there were no effects (P > 0.05) of the treatments on the ammonia N, acetate, butyrate and total volatile fatty acid ruminal concentrations. There was a quadratic effect (P = 0.05) of the addition of CaO on the ruminal propionate concentration. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the treatments on the particulate rate of passage in the rumen as well as on the mean retention time in this compartment and in the total gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, the addition of CaO to sugarcane promoted a linear increase (P = 0.0258) in the particulate post-ruminal passage rate and, consequently, a linear reduction (P = 0.0363) of the mean retention time in the cecum-proximal colon. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the sugarcane hydrolysis with CaO on the ruminal parameters of the kinetics of fluid passage (dilution rate, retention time and turnover rate). The addition of 3.1% or 6.2% CaO on a DM basis (1% or 2% CaO on a fresh matter basis, respectively) of sugarcane does not improve ruminal fermentation, nor does it increase the fluid or particulate passage in the rumen of non-lactating Holstein x Gyr cattle.

Measurement in sheep of the quantity and composition of rumen digesta and of the fractional outflow rates of digesta constituents

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Quantitative Prediction ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Outflow Rate ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Specific Labelling

Knowledge of the fractional outflow rates of rumen digesta constituents is required for the quantitative prediction of rumen function. However, there are few data available for these parameters because of the problems associated with specific labelling of digesta constituents and with the need to ensure that samples are truly representative of rumen digesta. Methods are described here by which two markers can be used together to overcome the problem of representative sampling of the rumen, so eliminating the need for specific labelling, with 'ideal' markers, of digesta constituents. Thus, from the measurement of the amount and composition of true digesta in the rumen and the amount and composition of true digesta flowing from the abomasum, values for the fractional outflow rates (and its reciprocal, mean retention time) of rumen digesta constituents can be calculated. Appropriate application of these methods will allow the derivation of functions to predict fractional outflow rates. The results presented show that the fractional outflow rate of an adsorbable marker, 103Ru-P, was about half that of water but was about twice that of particulate matter; it was also greater than the net value for microbes. On the assumption that microbial material leaving the rumen is drawn from a free-floating microbial population and a population associated with particulate matter, it was calculated that 0.29 � SE 0.07 (range 0.09-0.49) of the rumen microbial population could have been free-floating.

Use of Bacillus stearothermophilus spores as a marker for estimating digesta passage rate from the rumen in cattle

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Mir ◽  
P.S. Mir ◽  
M.S. Zaman ◽  
L.B. Selinger ◽  
T.A. McAllister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Digesta Passage

Assessment of the heterogeneous ruminal fiber pool and development of a mathematical approach for predicting the mean retention time of feeds in goats1

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1099-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. L. Regadas Filho ◽  
L. O. Tedeschi ◽  
R. A. M. Vieira ◽  
M. T. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
The Mean

Digestion and retention time of stained food in sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fadlalla ◽  
R. N. B. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Brilliant Green ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oat Husk

SummaryThe suitability of stained food and [103Ru]phenanthroline-treated food as markers for measuring dietary retention time was examined in sheep. The digestibility of oat husk, assessed by incubation of samples contained in nylon bags in the rumen, was greatly depressed by staining with brilliant green, and slightly depressed by basic fuschsin. The latter effect appeared largely to be due to boiling rather than the stain itself.When milled hay treated with both basic fuschsin and [103Ru]phenanthroline was introduced into the rumen, the mean retention time estimated with the stain was about 40% longer than that estimated with [103Ru]phenanthroline.

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