CARCASS COMPOSITION OF YORKSHIRE BARROWS AND GILTS SLAUGHTERED BETWEEN 85 and 112 KG BODY WEIGHT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ FORTIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
The Right ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Thirty-two Yorkshire pigs, 16 barrows and 16 gilts, were slaughtered at four weights (85, 92, 103 and 112 kg) to determine the effect of body weight at slaughter on the physical and chemical composition of the carcass. The right side was dissected into meat (including intra- and intermuscular fat), separable fat and bone which were subsequently analyzed for moisture, protein (N × 6.25), ether extract and ash. Sex did not influence (P < 0.05) carcass composition at any of the four slaughter weights. Increasing slaughter weight did not markedly alter the meat percentage of the carcass side but decreased the percentage of bone (P < 0.01). A trend toward an increasing percentage of separable fat was confirmed by the use of the allometric function Y = aXb. The effect of slaughter weight was more pronounced on the chemical than on the physical composition of the carcass side especially with respect to protein percentage. The chemical compositions of the meat, separable fat and bone were also determined. The protein percentage of each of the three physically separable components of the carcass side decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing slaughter weight. The partitioning of the chemically determined components among meat, separable fat and bone was not influenced by sex or by slaughter weight. Key words: Carcass composition, swine, sex, slaughter weight

The efficiency of determining the chemical composition of lamb carcasses

1962 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Kirton ◽  
R. A. Barton ◽  
A. L. Rae
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Components ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Extract Protein

1. Twenty Southdown-Romney wether lamb carcasses of a mean hot carcass weight of 39·2 lb. (range 31·2–43·8 lb.) were frozen. Each frozen carcass was divided down the back-bone to give two sides and each side was divided into four parts: leg, loin, 9–10–11 rib cut, and fore. A method of obtaining samples from the parts and from the sides is described. The samples were analysed for water, fat (uncorrected), and residue (uncorrected). The dried residue was analysed to give an ash percentage and a Soxhlet correction factor so that total fat (ether-extract), protein (dried fat-free, ash-free residue), and ash were determined.2. The weights of the two sides of the twenty carcasses were similar, although the loins of the left sides were highly significantly heavier than those from the right sides and the right fores were highly significantly heavier than the left fores.3. The mean percentage composition of the two sides of the carcasses studied were similar. Likewise each of the four parts showed close similarity between sides except for the residue and protein percentage of the loin in which the left sides had significantly more protein percentage than the right sides. In all the uncorrected chemical components a significant side × carcass interaction was found.4. An analysis of the sampling errors showed that the variance of a treatment mean was decreased only slightly by increasing the number of samples per side or by sampling both sides instead of one. Any substantial increase in precision can be achieved only by increasing the number of carcasses per group.

Halothane genotype by weight interactions on lean yield from pork carcasses

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sather ◽  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. K. W. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Apparent Increase ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Data on 42 halothane-sensitive pigs (HSL, nn-genotype), 169 Lacombe pigs (LAC, NN-genotype), 41 crossbred pigs (XBD, Nn-genotype), and 72 Yorkshire pigs (YRK, NN-genotype) representing 145 gilts and 179 castrates, were obtained over the liveweight range from 74.0 to 134.5 kg (average 105 kg) to examine the effect of genotype, gender and slaughter weight on the composition of the four lean cuts (ham, loin, picnic and butt). Gilts had a greater proportion of dissectible lean from lean cuts than castrates (557 ± 2.8 vs. 525 ± 2.6 g kg−1). The HSL pigs had the highest and LAC pigs the lowest commercial dressing percentage, increasing respectively from 85.3 to 86.0% and 79.7 kg to 82.6% as slaughter weight increased from 80 to 130 kg. Corresponding figures for XBD and YRK pigs, were 82.5 to 85.4 and 80.6 to 84.6%, respectively. Dissectible lean from lean cuts from 65-kg carcasses was 606, 525, 536 and 575 g kg−1 for HSL, XBD, LAC and YRK pigs, respectively. Corresponding figures for 85-kg and 105-kg carcasses were 574, 525, 515, and 555 g kg−1 and 542, 525, 494, and 535 g kg−1, respectively from HSL, XBD, LAC and YRK pigs. LAC and YRK pigs, each with exclusively NN-genotypes but differing in composition of lean cuts, maintained their relative differences in composition over the weight range studied. Heterogeneity of slopes for changes in proportion of lean in the lean cuts with increasing weight among the HSL, XBD and LAC pigs implied a genotype × weight interaction that could best by explained by an apparent increase in the dominance of the halothane gene with increasing carcass weight. Key words: Swine, carcass composition, halothane gene, weight, Lacombe, Yorkshire

A note on the comparison of two dissection methods used routinely in britain for beef carcass evaluation

1983 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood ◽  
J. A. Bayntun ◽  
A. J. Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Evaluation Programme ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
The Right ◽  
Beef Carcass ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACTThe dissection methods used at the ARC Meat Research Institute, Langford (MRI) and by the Meat and Livestock Commission (MLC) for beef carcass evaluation were compared.When account was taken of small differences in the way tissues are defined in the two methods, they gave essentially the same results for the important aspects of carcass composition. Twenty carcasses with 60 to 120 g subcutaneous fat per kg side weight were selected from those in the serial slaughter phase of the MLC's beef breed evaluation programme. The cattle had been slaughtered and dressed at a commercial abattoir on the same site as the MLC's Central Carcass Evaluation Unit, Blisworth. The left sides were dissected by the MLC and the right sides at the MRI after being taken there as quarters (which resulted in a greater evaporative weight loss). Mean values for lean, bone, intermuscular fat and subcutaneous fat (as g/kg in the side) did not differ significantly between the methods and the slopes of the regressions of MRI on MLC proportionate composition values were not significantly different from 1·0.

scholarly journals Comparison of meat performance of Montbeliarde and Czech Pied bulls fattened to live weight of 680 kg

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Chládek ◽  
Jiří Žižlavský
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
The Right

Czech Pied bulls (C, n=18) and Montbeliarde bulls (M, n=18) were fattened up to the live weight of 680 kg in identical conditions with the aim to compare their meat performance. Mean values of the observed meat performance characteristics were as follows: slaughter weight 682.1 kg, age at slaughter 593.8 days, daily weight gain 1.088 kg, carcass weight 378.2 kg, net weight gain 0.640 kg, dressing percentage 55.4%, weight of hide 59.3 kg, weight of head and tongue 20.6 kg, weight and proportion of kidney fat 14.9 kg and 2.18%, carcass conformation score 3.06, carcass fatness score 2.20 and weight of the right side of carcass 185.9 kg. The weight and proportion of some parts of the right side of carcass were as follows: forequarter 84.1 kg and 45.2%, hindquarter 101.8 kg and 54.8%, total weight of meat 145.5 kg and 78.2%, bones 35.0 kg and 18.9%, separable fat 3.87 kg and 2.08% and hindquarter to forequarter ratio 1.21. Montbeliarde bulls showed a significantly greater (POur results showed higher growth rate in Montbeliarde bulls; also, their further growth potential was higher than in Czech Pied bulls. The rest of the observed characteristics of meat performance, including carcass composition, were similar in both breeds and were not negatively affected by a high slaughter weight.

scholarly journals Carcass physical composition and meat quality of holstein calves, terminated in different finishing systems and slaughter weights

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Vincenzi dos Santos ◽  
Wagner Paris ◽  
Luís Fernando Glasenapp de Menezes ◽  
Douglas Vonz ◽  
Magali Floriano da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Feeding Systems

The Brazil sacrifices many dairy calves at birth, which can become a very serious problem merchandising. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the physical carcass composition and meat quality characteristics of Holstein calves in feedlot or pasture with supplementation, slaughtered at 140, 180, 220 or 260 kg body weight. In the early termination calves had on average 57 kg and 58 days of age. The confined animals were fed forage (corn) and concentrated, in the ratio of 40:60 and concentrated pasture supplemented with 1% body weight. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 2 x 4 (two feeding systems x four slaughter weights). It was observed a significant interaction between slaughter weight and finishing system only for the texture of the meat. The finished animals on pasture showed improved texture with increased weight, whereas the confined animals did not affect the weight. Animals finished on pasture had higher muscle percentage (69.48% vs 66.57%), and lower fat percentage (9.58% and 9.75 kg vs 13.20% and 13.08 kg) compared to confined animals. There was a linear increase in the total amount of muscle, bone and fat, muscle / bone ratio, compared edible portion / bone, palatability and juiciness when increased slaughter weight. The percentage of bone and meat coloring decreased linearly with the increase of slaughter weight. The proportion of muscle and fat, showed quadratic behavior. The animals of dairy breeds are excellent producers of lean meat, with good smoothness, flavor and juiciness.

FAT DISTRIBUTION IN SWINE AS INFLUENCED BY LIVEWEIGHT, BREED, SEX AND RATION

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. RICHMOND ◽  
R. T. BERG
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Breed Group ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Group Sex

The effects of liveweight, breed group, sex and plane of nutrition were studied in 23 Duroc × Yorkshire, 42 Hampshire × Yorkshire and 27 Yorkshire × Yorkshire barrows and gilts fed either a low or high energy ration [2757 kcal digestible energy (DE)/kg and 15.3% protein, or 3652 kcal DE/kg and 19.9% protein]. They were slaughtered at 68, 91 or 114 kg liveweight. Nine barrows and 8 gilts of the same breed groups were slaughtered at 23 kg liveweight to determine carcass composition at the start of the experiment. Half-carcasses were divided at the 11th and 12th ribs and dissected into individual muscles, depot fats and bones. Fatty tissue was separated into subcutaneous, intermuscular and body cavity types of depot fat. As liveweight increased from 23 to 114 kg, a differentiation among depot types occurred. Fat distribution in 23-kg pigs was made up of 78% subcutaneous, 18% intermuscular and 4% body cavity fat. At 114 kg liveweight, subcutaneous fat was 84%, intermuscular fat 13% and body cavity fat 2.3%. Within each depot type, differential deposition between front and hind quarters was most noticeable between 23 and 68 kg liveweight. During this period, more of the intermuscular and body cavity fat was deposited in the front quarter, while a greater proportion of the subcutaneous fat was deposited in the hind quarter. Breed, sex and ration did not influence the percentage relationship among depot fat types but did within types. Thus, the fatter carcasses (produced by Duroc × Yorkshire pigs, barrows and high-energy-fed pigs) had a greater proportion of their intermuscular fat in the hind quarter than did the leaner carcasses (from Hampshire × Yorkshire and Yorkshire × Yorkshire pigs, gilts and pigs fed the low energy ration).

scholarly journals Prediction of carcass composition through measurements in vivo and measurements of the carcass of growing Santa Inês sheep

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247950
Author(s):  
Mariléa Batista Gomes ◽  
Maria Luciana Menezes Wanderley Neves ◽  
Lígia Maria Gomes Barreto ◽  
Marcelo de Andrade Ferreira ◽  
João Paulo Ismério dos Santos Monnerat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Compactness Index

In vivo and carcass measurements were evaluated to predict carcass physical and chemical composition and to list the measurements that best fit the prediction of the composition of growing Santa Inês sheep carcasses. Thirty-three animals were used to measure the loin eye area by ultrasound in vivo (LEAu) and in the carcass. We used 39 animals for biometric measurement in vivo and 42 sheep for morphometric measurement in the carcass. For the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses, dissection of the half left carcass was carried out in 42 animals. The data were submitted to Pearson’s correlation analysis and t test. Simple and multiple linear regressions were performed using a stepwise procedure. All correlations between in vivo measurements and the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses (in kg) were significant, except for LEAu. Biometric measurements and hot (HCW) and cold (CCW) carcass weights were considered as predictors of the carcasses’ physical and chemical compositions. Slaughter body weight (SBW) was the variable that most influenced the equations in the assessment of in vivo measurements and HCW and CCW most influenced the equations for measurements on carcasses. Biometric measurements of Santa Inês sheep can be used together with the SBW to estimate the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses, with emphasis on body compactness index, breast width, wither height, and croup height. The morphometric measurements can be used together with carcass weight to estimate the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses, with emphasis on croup width, carcass compactness index, croup perimeter, external and internal carcass lengths, chest width, and leg length and perimeter. The HCW can be used to predict the physical and chemical composition of carcasses without affecting the accuracy of the prediction model.

scholarly journals Acetazolamide and SGLT2 inhibitor as potent drugs for a patient with diabetes mellitus and worsening chronic lymphedema: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Tissue Fluid ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Serum Chloride ◽  
The Right ◽  
Chronic Lymphedema

Treatment of lymphedema using a pharmacologic approach is reported to have limited efficacy. Here, I report a patient with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and acute worsening of her chronic lymphedema, in whom treatment with acetazolamide and a sodiumglucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) effectively improved the lymphedema. A 94-year-old woman, who was treated for T2DM, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension for 17 years at my hospital presented to the emergency room because of acute worsening of her chronic right leg lymphedema with increased swelling, tightness, and dull aching. A pharmacologic approach was used to treat her worsening lymphedema. Acetazolamide 500 mg/d was administered to treat the acute tissue fluid collection in the right lymphedematous leg. Ten days later, the patient’s body weight was markedly reduced by 3.2 kg, pitting in the right leg was markedly improved, and the circumference of right limb was decreased. On day 11, the glucose-lowering agent vildagliptin was switched to the SGLT2i empagliflozin 10 mg/d. On day 70, her body weight had decreased further by 2.8 kg, and the circumference of her right limb was greatly reduced compared with that under treatment with acetazolamide. Her serum chloride concentration was increased after treatment, but her hemoglobin and hematocrit values did not change during the study period. In conclusion, acetazolamide and an SGLT2i have acute diuretic effects for draining the excess tissue fluid in the lymphedematous limb without vascular contraction by enhancing vascular tonicity. Additionally, an SGLT2i may have chronic effects for reducing fat deposits in the lymphedematous limb.

The Extraction of Main Chemical Compositions in Rumex Root

2011 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 372-374
Author(s):  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Zhi Bin Jiang ◽  
Guo Jie Shao ◽  
Dong Cheng Guo ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Root Methods ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to study the compositions of the polygonaceae medicinal plants called rumex root. Methods: Solvent method and chromatography was used to purificate the chemical compositions of Rumex, and the molecular structure of the compound was identified by physical and chemical properties and spectral data. Results: Two compounds were obtained from the ethanol extract of rumex root, which were identified as Chrysophanol and Physcione. Conclusions: Experimental basis was provided for the further study of the active ingredients of rumex root and the development and utilization of medical resources.

Carcass characteristics of heavyweight crossbred lambs. II.* Carcass composition and partitioning of fat

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Thompson ◽  
KD Atkins ◽  
AR Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Intermuscular Fat

Half-carcasses of 108 wether and ewe lambs from six genotypes, slaughtered at 34, 44 and 54 kg liveweight, were dissected into subcutaneous fat, intermuscular fat, muscle, bone and connective tissue. The six genotypes were the progeny of Dorset Horn and Border Leicester rams mated to Merino, Corriedale and Border Leicester x Merino first-cross ewes. As carcass weight increased, the proportion of subcutaneous and intermuscular fat increased (b > 1 ; P < 0.05) and the proportion of muscle and bone decreased (b < 1; P < 0.05). Lambs sired by Border Leicester rams had more subcutaneous fat (12.7%), more intermuscular fat (7.6%) and more bone (5.7%) than lambs sired by Dorset Horn rams at the same carcass weight (P< 0.05). Similarly, lambs sired by Dorset Horn rams had more muscle (7.2%) than lambs sired by Border Leicester rams at the same carcass weight (P < 0.05). Breed of dam had no effect on carcass composition. Wether lambs had a greater proportion of bone (5.7%) than ewe lambs at the same carcass weight (P < 0.05). The breed of sire effect and the lack of a breed of dam effect on carcass composition, in conjunction with estimated mature weights for the breeds, suggest possible differences between sire and dam breeds in the partitioning of fat between the carcass and non-carcass depots. ____________________ *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 30: 1197 (1979).

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