scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF EGG-STRAIN BIRDS DURING THEIR COMMERCIAL LIFE CYCLE WHEN CONTINUOUSLY FED DIETS CONTAINING TOWER RAPESEED GUMS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
S. LEESON ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
White Leghorns ◽  
Poultry Diets

In response to queries regarding the long-term effect of utilizing rapeseed gums in poultry diets, an experiment was initiated in which this product was continuously fed throughout the life cycle of the laying hen. Treatments consisted of: (1) soybean meal control, (2) 15% Tower rapeseed meal (3) 15% Tower rapeseed containing 1.5% of rape gums (4) soybean meal containing 1.5% of rape gums, and (5) soybean meal containing 1.5% of soy gums. The meals containing gums were manufactured in Western Canada. The diets were offered to one commercial White Leghorn and University strains of White Leghorns and Rhode Island Red, with conventional dietary specifications used in relation to age of bird. Gums had no persistent effect on feed intake or body weight of pullets from day of age to 20 wk. During this period mortality was low and not influenced by diet. In a subsequent laying period of 308 days, these same dietary treatments had no significant effect on egg production, while breed differences influenced all parameters measured. The addition of gums to rapeseed meal caused a reduction in egg size for a commercial strain of White Leghorns while the converse was true for a Guelph strain of White Leghorns. This apparent dichotomy may have been related to differences in feed intake. Diet had no influence on fertility or hatchability or on the performance of subsequent offspring when these were fed diets comparable to those of their dams. It is concluded that no toxic effects in terms of productive performance accrue from the use of up to 15% Tower rapeseed meal which contains 1.5% rapeseed gums, when fed throughout the commercial life cycle of egg strain birds and their offspring. Performance data also indicate that the addition of such gums to soybean meal offers an alternative means of their disposal.

scholarly journals Concentrates Made from Legume Seeds (Lupinus Angustifolius, Lupinus Luteus and Pisum Sativum) and Rapeseed Meal as Protein Sources in Laying Hen Diets

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rutkowski ◽  
Sebastian A. Kaczmarek ◽  
Marcin Hejdysz ◽  
Sebastian Nowaczewski ◽  
Dorota Jamroz
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Legume Seeds

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of two protein concentrates composed of rapeseed meal and new cultivars of narrow-leaved and yellow lupine, peas in laying hen diets and their influence on birds’ performance and egg characteristics. The experiment was conducted with 180 layers kept in individual cages. The birds were randomly assigned to three treatments, with 60 hens in each and during the period of 17 weeks, they were fed diets: I - containing soybean meal as a protein source, II - containing protein concentrates composed of mixture of lupines, peas (19.48% of diet) and rapeseed meal, III - containing protein concentrates composed of a mixture of lupines and peas (27.68% of diet). The body weight, laying rate, egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and egg characteristics were registered. After 9 weeks of experiment, a decrease of laying rate was recorded in treatment III. The mean value of laying rate for 17 weeks amounted to 82.7 (I), 82.5 (II) and 75.9% (III) (P<0.01). The egg weight was diversified already after 4 weeks of egg production and averaged 57.9 (I), 55.9 (II) and 54.9 g (III) (P<0.05). Feed intake amounted to 108 (I), 111 (II) and 104 g per hen/day (III), and FCR was 2.05, 3.17 and 2.23 kg/kg egg weight, respectively. As to egg characteristics, increases of white index (P<0.05), Haugh unit score and yolk colour in treatment III were observed but egg shell thickness was found significantly reduced. In conclusion, the use of about 27.68% of legume seed in laying hen diet affected negatively performance results but about 19.48% of these seeds and 8% rapeseed meal in diets could be accepted as a soybean meal substitute.

PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS FED DIETS CONTAINING GUMS DERIVED FROM TOWER RAPESEED

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
Eggshell Quality

An experiment was conducted to investigate whether rapeseed gums have any detrimental effect on the performance of laying hens. White leghorn pullets of a commercial strain were fed all-mash diets in which the major source of protein was provided by either soybean meal, rapeseed meal, rapeseed meal + 1.5% rapeseed gums, soybean meal + 1.5% rapeseed gums or soybean meal + 1.5% soybean gums. Each diet was offered to four replicate groups of 12 birds during ten 28-day experimental periods. Dietary treatment had no significant [Formula: see text] effect on feed intake or egg production. Birds fed diets containing rapeseed meal produced significantly [Formula: see text] smaller eggs than those birds receiving soybean meal with no added rapeseed gums. Eggshell quality as measured by shell deformation was significantly [Formula: see text] improved when birds were fed rapeseed meal + rapeseed gums or soybean meal + soybean gums, compared to those birds fed either rapeseed meal, or soybean meal with added rapeseed gums. Rapeseed gums had no significant [Formula: see text] effect on body weight or the incidence of liver hematoma. It is concluded that no deleterious effects accrue from feeding laying birds diets containing rapeseed meal to which has been added 1.5% gums, and that the addition of such gums provides rapeseed processors with a useful pollution-free method for their disposal.

scholarly journals Effect of replacement different levels of sesame meal as a protein source to replace soybean meal on the productive performance and reproductive of laying quail: تأثير استبدال مستويات مختلفة من كسبة السمسم كمصدر بروتيني محل كسبة فول الصويا على الأداء الإنتاجي والتناسلي لطائر السمان البياض

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-58
Author(s):  
Duraid Thonnon Younis, Khalid Hadi Mustafa Al-Sofee Duraid Thonnon Younis, Khalid Hadi Mustafa Al-Sofee
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Sesame Meal ◽  
Laying Quail ◽  
Different Levels

The study was conducted in the poultry field in the Animal Production Department/ College of Agriculture and Forestry/ University of Mosul, for the period from 18/ 2/ 2020 until 13/ 4/ 2020. The experiment aimed to study the effect of replacement different levels of sesame meal (SSM) as a protein source to replace soybean meal (SBM) on the productive performance and reproductive of laying quail, 360 quail birds (240 females and 120 males) were used, at the age of 49 days, distributed randomly into five treatments, each treatment with eight replicates, ( 9 birds in each replicate 6 females and 3 males). The treatments were as follows: the first was the control (0% SSM), the second, third, fourth, and the fifth replaced SSM by SBM with level (25, 50, 75 and 100%) respectively, feed and water was ad libitum during the trial period of 8 weeks. The results of the statistical analysis showed there is a significant statistical difference at a level (P≤0.05) in the fifth treatment (100% SSM) as compared to control and other treatments in total egg number, average egg weight, total egg mass, Hen day egg production percentage (% HD), feed intake, feed conversion ratio, fertility, and hatching percentage of total eggs, average weight of hatched chicks, and a significant increase in the embryo mortality. The results also showed a significant decrease at a level (P≤0.05) in the feed intake for the fourth treatment (75% SSM) compared to the control, while no significant differences were observed for the other treatments in all the studied traits. The results of this study showed the possibility of using sesame meal as a protein source at (75%) to replace soybean meal in laying quail bird diets.

EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS FEEDING OF RAPESEED MEAL ON GROWTH OF DAIRY CALVES AND SUBSEQUENT FIRST LACTATION YIELD

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. INGALLS ◽  
M. E. SEALE
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Continuous Feeding

Thirty dairy heifer calves were reared from birth to calving on rations containing 0, 6.8 or 13.7% rapeseed meal in substitution for soybean meal. The level of rapeseed meal did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect feed intake, weight gain or feed efficiency of heifers up to breeding weight (330–340 kg). The level of rapeseed meal did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect reproduction or milk production during the first lactation. However, there may have been a trend for lower conception rate and milk fat production during first lactation with the higher level of rapeseed meal.

EFFECTS OF STEAM PELLETING DIETS CONTAINING TWO VARIETIES OF RAPESEED MEAL ON PIG PERFORMANCE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. NARENDRAN ◽  
G. H. BOWMAN ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted during the late fall and winter months with 96 Yorkshire barrows and gilts to study the effects on pig performance of feeding corn-soybean meal (SBM) and lysine-HCl (0.1%) supplemented corn-SBM-Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and corn-SBM-Candle RSM diets, in the form of mash (corn was medium-ground) and steam pellets. Average daily gain (ADG), feed intake, efficiency of feed conversion (feed to gain ratio, F/G) and carcass backfat thickness were measured in pigs reared from 23 kg to 91 kg liveweight. The energy level in the RSM diets was not adjusted to equal that in the corn-SBM diet. Pigs fed Tower RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) feed intake and backfat thickness and pigs fed Candle RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and higher (P < 0.01) F/G compared to the pigs fed SBM. The pigs fed corn-SBM-Tower RSM had a higher (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and lower (P < 0.01) F/G ratio than those fed Candle RSM diets. Steam pelleting of the corn-SBM and corn-SBM-RSM diets improved ADG, feed intake and F/G of the pigs, with the effects being greatest for the RSM diets.

EVALUATION OF CANDLE RAPESEED MEAL AS A PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT FOR SWINE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL ◽  
D. M. ANDERSON ◽  
A. SHIRES
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Protein Supplements

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate rapeseed meal (RSM) produced from seed of Brassica campestris L. ’Candle’ in comparison with B. napus L. ’Tower’, soybean meal and fababeans (Vicia faba) as protein supplements for growing swine. In experiment 1 Candle RSM (5, 10 or 15%) was substituted for soybean meal or fababeans in barley- and wheat-based diets for 120 pigs from 23 to 88 kg liveweight. The effects of supplementary iodine (0.14 mg I/kg diet) and amino acids (0.15% lysine and 0.05% methionine) on the nutritive value of Candle RSM were also studied. The results of experiment 1 indicated that daily feed intake and carcass value index were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by diets. The growth and feed utilization responses of pigs fed diets which contained soybean meal and fababeans as the sole source of supplementary protein were similar and the replacement of these protein supplements with Candle RSM, unless supplemented with amino acids, resulted in a reduction in rate of growth and efficiency of feed utilization. Gains adjusted by regression for feed intake variations showed benefit from lysine. Diets containing 15 % of either Candle or Tower RSM, plus lysine, were utilized about 95% as efficiently as soybean meal diets. Supplementation with iodine produced no significant response. The digestibility coefficients of the protein and energy of Candle RSM and soybean meal were determined in experiment 2. The apparent digestibility of protein in Candle RSM was 81% and energy digestibility was 71%. The digestible energy content was 14.12 MJ/kg (3370 kcal/kg), dry matter basis.

RAPESEED MEAL AS A REPLACEMENT FOR SOYBEAN MEAL IN DIETS OF PROGENY FROM SOWS FED EITHER PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Bowland ◽  
F. W. Schuld
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Initial Weight

First- and second-litter progeny from sows fed either 0 or 8% solvent-extracted rapeseed meal in replacement for isonitrogenous amounts of soybean meal and wheat was used to evaluate solvent-extracted rapeseed meal as a protein source. There was no influence of the dam’s diet on gain, efficiency of feed utilization, digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) or digestible nitrogen (DN) and nitrogen retention in the progeny. In pigs from first litters, the feeding of 8% rapeseed meal, compared with 0% rapeseed meal, depressed feed intake and rate of gain in the finishing period from 55 to 90 kg liveweight, and resulted in reduced gain and poorer efficiency of feed utilization for the overall experiment from 6 kg initial weight. Carcasses from rapeseed meal-fed pigs were leaner. Gilt carcasses were leaner than barrow carcasses. With second-litter pigs, there were no significant differences associated with dietary treatment or sex. There were no significant differences in DE or ME or in DN and nitrogen retention between pigs receiving 0 or 8% rapeseed meal in either the starting diets at 6 weeks of age or the growing diets at 40 kg liveweight.

scholarly journals Responses of domestic fowl to excess iodine: a review

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Excess Iodine ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Yolk Cholesterol

Typically, poultry diets contain 1–2 mg I/kg, but higher concentrations are sometimes used to enhance the I content of eggs. In addition to an increased deposition of I in the yolk, other often adverse responses occur, especially at exceptionally high concentrations. Excess I in grower diets can prevent sexual maturation in male and female fowl, and in layer diets will progressively reduce egg production until, by about 2500 mg I/kg diet, ovulation is inhibited and egg production ceases. Most I accumulates in the thyroid gland, and it is likely that the mechanism responsible for these reproductive disorders involves a modification of thyroid hormone activity. Simultaneous with the declining rate of lay, feed intake declines, egg weight and yolk-cholesterol contents decrease and body weight increases. Whereas fertility is unaffected in female breeders, hatch of fertile eggs is reduced, hatch time extended and embryonic mortality and dead-in-shell proportions increased. In contrast, male fertility is decreased because of an increased incidence of dead spermatozoa, although hatchability of eggs from normally fed hens is unaffected. All reproductive variables, together with feed intake and body weight, are normalised within about 7 d of returning to a diet with normal I levels. Excess I suppresses growth in meat-type chickens, but does not affect feed conversion efficiency. There are transient increases in plasma I and cholesterol concentration during excess I intake in all types of bird. The evidence for varying responses to different I sources is equivocal, but the consensus is that source is probably not important.

COMPARISON OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE-LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED MEAL (CV. TOWER), COMMERCIAL RAPESEED MEAL AND SOYBEAN MEAL AS SOURCES OF PROTEIN FOR STARTING, GROWING AND FINISHING PIGS AND YOUNG RATS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. McKINNON ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Isocaloric Diets ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Three Phases

Eighty 3- to 4-wk-old crossbred pigs averaging 5.3 kg in weight at allotment were fed experimental diets during starting, growing and finishing phases to compare Tower rapeseed meal (00-RSM) and commercial rapeseed meal (C-RSM) as the sole or partial replacements for soybean meal (SBM). Barley and wheat were the main energy sources with varying amounts of animal tallow to provide isocaloric diets on a digestible energy basis. A 50/50 isonitrogenous combination of 00-RSM + SBM resulted in feed intake, daily gain and feed/gain ratio similar to results with pigs fed SBM as the sole protein supplement during the three phases. Complete substitution of SBM by 00-RSM resulted in reduction (P <.05) of feed intake during the starting phase as well as lower (P <.05) daily gain and inferior (P <.05) feed/gain ratio during the growing phase. Partial substitution of C-RSM for SBM resulted in reduction (P <.05) of feed intake during the starting and finishing phases. Complete replacement of SBM with C-RSM resulted in a depression (P <.05) of daily gain during all three phases of the experiment, inferior feed/gain ratio during the starting and growing phases compared with pigs fed the other four diets and lower (P <.05) feed intake during the starting and finishing phase compared with pigs fed the SBM diet. These findings were confirmed in a rat experiment. Carcass characteristics of pigs were not greatly affected by experimental treatments. A trend of lower digestibility of energy, nitrogen and amino acids was noted by complete replacement of SBM with either source of RSM in the pig and the rat experiments.

EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE OF PIGS FED STEAM-PELLETED RAPESEED MEAL DIETS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. GRANDHI ◽  
R. NARENDRAN ◽  
G. H. BOWMAN ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted during the spring and summer months with 96 Yorkshire barrows and gilts, to study the effects of feeding corn-soybean meal (SBM), corn-SBM-Tower rapeseed (RSM) and corn-SBM-Candle RSM diets, in the form of mash and steam-processed pellets on average daily gain (ADG), efficiency of feed conversion (feed to gain ratio) F/G), average daily feed intake and carcass backfat thickness of pigs reared from 23 kg to 91 kg liveweight. Tower RSM or Candle RSM at the 15% level in corn-SBM based diets did not result in any adverse effects on ADG, feed intake or backfat thickness, but did increase F/G (P < 0.05). There were no differences in F/G between pigs fed Tower RSM and Candle RSM diets. Steam pelleting enhanced ADG (P < 0.01) and F/G (P < 0.05) across all three diets, but did not affect feed intake or backfat thickness. Barrows had higher (P < 0.01) ADG and backfat thickness than gilts, but did not differ in feed intake or F/G.

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