scholarly journals PORK QUALITY IN RELATION TO CARCASS FATNESS AND MUSCLING

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. MARTIN ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Muscle Proteins ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Color Structure ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Structure Score

Carcasses from 146 barrows, 192 gilts and 120 boars were evaluated to determine interrelationships among measures of carcass muscling, fatness and pork quality. On the basis of subjective color-structure scores 11 and 3% of the population were classified Pale Soft Exudative and Dark Firm Dry, respectively, with no difference evident in frequencies among sexes. Increasing values for color-structure score were accompanied by significant (P < 0.05) increases in pH, color brightness and marbling score, and decreases in percent transmission and shear value. There were no differences among classes in area or intramuscular fat of the longissimus dorsi. Carcasses were categorized into fat and muscling classes. There was no relationship of initial pH (40 min postmortem) with either fatness or muscle/bone ratio indicated, although ultimate pH was significantly higher for the high backfat and low muscle/bone classes. Tenderness (shear values) and precipitation of muscle proteins (% transmission) increased, and marbling score decreased, with increased muscle/bone and decreased backfat. Color brightness and percent intramuscular fat were not influenced by fat or muscling category. Averages for subjective color-structure scores did not show a consistent pattern in relation to total backfat, but they tended to decrease slightly as muscle/bone increased. Various correlations were computed among carcass and muscle properties and it was concluded that measures of carcass fatness and carcass muscling were relatively independent. Correlations among measures of carcass composition and pork quality were low.

Impact of the halothane gene on muscle quality and pre-slaughter deaths in Western Canadian pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Murray ◽  
C. P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Homozygous Carrier ◽  
Commercial Population ◽  
Normal Colour ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Structure Score

The genotype with respect to the point mutation at position 1843 of the ryr-1 gene (halothane gene) and longissimus muscle quality of 1006 pigs in two Western Canadian packing plants was assessed to determine the frequency of this mutation within the commercial population and the relationship of genotype to the frequency of PSE (pale, soft, exudative) pork. The frequencies of nn (homozygous carrier), Nn (heterozygous carrier) and NN (homozygous normal) pigs within the commercial population were 0.3, 9.4 and 90.3%, respectively. Based on the subjective pork quality standards of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the frequencies of paler-than-normal (colour score < 3) and darker-than-normal pork (colour score > 3) were 21.7 and 11.2%, respectively. The frequencies of soft, exudative pork (structure score < 3) and firm dry pork (structure score > 3) were 14.8 and 7.6%, respectively. The frequency of pale loin colour was 80 and 20% higher for Nn than for NN pigs in the two packing plants, whereas the frequency of dark pork was unaffected by genotype. Nn pigs exhibited a twofold higher incidence of soft, exudative pork than did NN pigs, but because of their very low frequency in the commercial kill, had a very small impact on the overall incidence of soft, exudative pork. Removing this mutation from the pig population would have very little impact on the frequency of pale or soft, exudative pork within the two packing plants involved in this study. Determination of the halothane genotype of 401 pigs, arriving dead or dying at the packing plants, indicated that pigs of the nn, Nn and NN genotypes were responsible for 27.7, 25.2 and 47.1% of deaths. The frequency of deaths within the nn, Nn and NN genotypes was estimated to be 9.2, 0.27 and 0.05%, respectively. Approximately 90% of the PSE condition in Western Canada is caused by factors other than the halothane gene, but this gene has a major negative influence on the frequency of pre-slaughter deaths. Key words: Halothane gene, PSS, malignant hyperthermia, pork quality, swine deaths

The effects of fat thickness and degree of marbling on pork colour and structure

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. K. W. Tong ◽  
R. Dyck ◽  
C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Commercial Processing ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Structure Score ◽  
Lower Frequencies

Fat thickness (3rd–4th last rib) was weakly correlated with subjective pork structure score (R2 = 1.0%) and marbling score (R2 = 1.6%) in 399 boneless pork backs sampled from commercial processing plants. Pork colour and structure scores (R2 = 5.9 and 11.1%) were more highly correlated with marbling score than carcass fat and muscle depths (R2 = < 2.0%). Pork backs that had structure scores of 1 and 2 (extreme to slight soft and exudative pork) tended to have low amounts of marbling (traces or less). A second trial with 311 pork backs also indicated that higher marbling scores were associated with lower frequencies of pale, soft and exudative pork. Key words: Pork quality, marbling, PSE

scholarly journals PSV-28 Feeding Ractopamine Improves Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of the Lard-type Mangalica Pig

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 361-361
Author(s):  
Hunter R Smith ◽  
Maegan Reeves ◽  
Ellie Amerson ◽  
Jason T Sawyer ◽  
Terry D Brandebourg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Niche Markets ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Excessive Adiposity

Abstract Mangalica pigs are a popular niche breed given their reputation for superior quality pork; however, the slow growth rate, poor lean yield and excessive adiposity exhibited by this breed limits its widespread adoption. Our objective was to determine if feeding Ractopamine (RAC), a metabolic modifier that improves feed efficiency and lean yield, would improve growth performance without impairing pork quality in the Mangalica. To accomplish this, a growth trial was conducted whereby pigs (n = 28) weighing 73 kg were fed a standard grower ration supplemented with either 0 or 22 ppm RAC for 21 days during which daily feed intakes and weekly body weights were recorded for all animals. Then pigs were finished to a 105 kg harvest weight. At 24h postmortem, carcasses were ribbed at the 10th rib to facilitate pork quality and carcass composition measurements. Primal cuts were fabricated and individually weighed. As hypothesized, RAC increased ADG (P &lt; 0.04) and feed efficiency (P &lt; 0.03) 24% and 21% respectively. However, unexpectedly, RAC failed to suppress voluntary feed intake (P &gt; 0.71). Interestingly RAC increased LEA (P &lt; 0.0001) by 21% but did not impact 10th rib fat depth (P &gt; 0.90) or marbling score (P &gt; 0.77). Likewise, RAC failed to alter any primal cut weights. Feeding RAC lowered b* values (P &lt; 0.04) and tended to lower L* values (P &lt; 0.08) while not affecting a* values (P &gt; 0.30) suggesting RAC darkened loin color. Finally, RAC improved cook loss percentage (P &lt; 0.02) 11% while not impacting WBSF (P &gt; 0.31). Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that feeding RAC to the lard type Mangalica pig improves growth performance without impairing pork quality in this breed. Feeding RAC may be a viable strategy to improve the economic feasibility of utilizing this breed to target niche markets.

The relationship of carcass measurements to carcass composition and intramuscular fat in Spanish beef

Meat Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Indurain ◽  
T.R. Carr ◽  
M.V. Goñi ◽  
K. Insausti ◽  
M.J. Beriain
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Genetic variation and relationship of ultrasonic measures and carcass composition in Suffolk cross lambs

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 111-111
Author(s):  
V.C. Flamarique ◽  
R.M. Lewis ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurement ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Excess fat in lamb is regarded as an important reason for less lamb meat being purchased by consumers. This has encouraged the development and use (particularly in Terminal Sire breeds) of selection indices that can identify animals that will sire leaner progeny. These indices usually include live weight and in vivo predictors of body composition, such as an ultrasonic measurement of muscle and fat depth, as selection criteria (Simm and Dingwall, 1989). But the usefulness of such in vivo measurements as predictors of carcass composition depends on the correlation between, and the variation in, live and carcass measures. The objectives of this study were to determine the strength of the relationship between ultrasound and dissection measures of carcass composition, and the degree of genetic variation in these measures, in crossbred progeny of Suffolk rams.

PSVIII-21 Multi-strain probiotics improved carcass characteristics and meat quality in pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 426-426
Author(s):  
Ting-Yu Lee ◽  
San-Land Young ◽  
Chin-Sheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Carcass Characteristic

Abstract Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Many studies have demonstrated that probiotics could enhance the growth performance of swine, but rare evidence on meat quality. Therefore, a combination of Lactobacillus and Bacillus strains, SYNLACTMLeanAd (SLA), on carcass characteristic, meat quality and cecal microbiota of pig was conducted. 60 LYD weaned pigs were randomly allotted to control (corn-SBM based diet, CT), antibiotic (basal diet with 200 ppm Amoxicillin, AB), and multi-strain probiotics (basal diet with SLA at 106 CFU/g feed, SLA). Pigs fed treatment diets from 7 to 130 Kg BW (24 wks) with 20 pigs/TRT, and individual pigs used as experimental unit for carcass evaluation. There were no differences on carcass weight and carcass yield. Lean percentage of CT, AB and SLA were 54.01, 51.54, and 54.75%, respectively (P &gt; 0.05) with subcutaneous fat 21.59, 21.21, 17.22%, and backfat 3.08, 3.21, 2.76 cm, individually (P &gt; 0.05). However, the longissimus muscles area was improved (62.77 vs. 68.42 vs. 91.59 cm2, P &lt; 0.05), loin weight increased (3.52 vs. 3.49 vs. 4.52 Kg, P &lt; 0.05) with greater marbling score (2.38 vs. 1.80 vs.2.78, P &lt; 0.05) in SLA. Sensory evaluation showed pigs fed SLA had higher juiciness score (3.55 vs. 3.18 vs. 3.91, P &lt; 0.05) with better overall acceptance. It is unclear pork quality was different between treatments; however, cecal microbiome gene sequencing suggested a potential linkage of gut microbiota modification and pork quality by AB or SLA feeding.

Relationship of Carcass Weight to Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Pork Quality of Crossbred (Korean Native Black Pig × Landrace) F2 Pigs

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gap-Don Kim ◽  
Byeong-Woo Kim ◽  
Jin-Yeon Jeong ◽  
Sun-Jin Hur ◽  
In-Chul Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals The relationship between the rumen microbiome and carcass merit in Angus steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor R Krause ◽  
Jeferson M Lourenco ◽  
Christina B Welch ◽  
Michael J Rothrock ◽  
Todd R Callaway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Rumen Microbiome

Abstract The objective of this study was to explore the relationships between ruminal microbial populations from Angus steers that were divergent in carcass traits related to adipose accumulation. Twenty-four feedlot-finished Angus steers (age: 538 ± 21 d; body weight following lairage: 593.9 ± 43.7 kg) were slaughtered, and ruminal contents and carcass data were collected. Ruminal microbial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing were performed to determine microbial relative abundances, to estimate microbial diversity, and to predict microbial metabolic pathways. A variety of correlation analyses and one-way ANOVA were performed to investigate the relationships between the rumen microbiome and carcass traits. Marbling score (P = 0.001) and longissimus lipid content (P = 0.009) were positively correlated to Chao1 Richness Index, suggesting that increased intramuscular fat was associated with increased numbers of ruminal microbial species. The phyla Tenericutes and TM7 were negatively correlated (P ≤ 0.05) to marbling score and longissimus lipid content, indicating that lower abundances of these phyla may be associated with improvements in intramuscular fat content. Greater abundance of the bacterial family S24-7 was positively correlated (P = 0.002) to marbling score. Analysis by marbling classification revealed further linkages to microbial richness (P ≤ 0.063), diversity (P = 0.044), and S24-7 (P &lt; 0.001) populations. Computational prediction of the microbial metabolic pathways revealed no differences (P ≥ 0.05) in metabolic pathway expression in rumen microbes between steers in the high- and low-marbling classes. Several phyla, families, and genera were positively correlated (P ≤ 0.05) to both rib fat thickness and yield grade. Collectively, our results suggest that microbial composition is associated to differing performance in carcass adipose traits. Overall, most of the bacterial taxa correlated to the intramuscular and subcutaneous fat depots did not overlap, suggesting the microbial population end products likely impacted adipose accumulation largely via separate adipogenic pathways of the host animal.

Study of Porous Plate Hydrodynamic Cavitation Device for P-Nitrophenol

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Deng
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Porous Plate ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Phenol Solution ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Waste

Design a set of practical and effective hydraulic cavitation experiment device, hydraulic cavitation reactor, using porous plate for nitro phenol solution to simulate wastewater, respectively in different cavitation number initial pH value, initial concentration of the waste water, waste water, the cycle time, use different types of porous surface processing and analysis, through the experimental research, it is concluded that these factors and the relationship of nitro phenol degradation rate.

Relationship of Intramuscular Fat and the Vascular System to Bovine Tenderness2

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gueuva Reddy ◽  
H. J. Tuma ◽  
D. L. Grant ◽  
R. C. Covington
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Relationship Of
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