SOME EFFECTS OF FLUCTUATING LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURES ON BEEF CATTLE

M. HIDIROGLOU; J. R. LESSARD

doi:10.4141/cjas71-015

SOME EFFECTS OF FLUCTUATING LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURES ON BEEF CATTLE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas71-015 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 111-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. HIDIROGLOU ◽

J. R. LESSARD

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

The Other ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Diurnal Fluctuations ◽

Maintenance Requirements ◽

Daily Gain

Feed consumption, average daily gain, liver vitamin A, plasma protein, hemoglobin, leucocytes and the development of the chest were measured in an experiment in which 60 yearling Hereford steers were maintained outside or in a loose housing, closed pole barn. During the course of the experiment, temperature varied from −43 to 13 C, with wide diurnal fluctuations. The steers wintered outside had higher hemoglobin values and required 16% more total digestible nutrients for maintenance than those wintered inside. The maintenance requirements of those wintered inside were 42% greater than proposed NRC requirements. No major differences were observed among the other parameters studied except average daily gain, in which case the steers inside gained 15% faster.

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THE EFFECTS OF LEVEL OF FEED CONSUMPTION ON RATE AND EFFICIENCY OF GAIN BY STEERS FED AN ALL-BARLEY RATION

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas62-003 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 18-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Hironaka ◽

S. B. Slen

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Energy Requirement ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Creatinine Excretion ◽

Urinary Creatinine ◽

Gain Ratio ◽

Maintenance Requirements ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Urinary Creatinine Excretion

Steers were individually offered an all-barley ration at levels calculated to meet the maintenance requirements of the animals and to obtain a gain of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 pounds per day. The gains obtained were 0.97, 1.45, 1.95, and 2.03 pounds per day and the corresponding feed: gain ratios were 10.92, 8.51, 7.02, and 7.05. The feed: gain ratio was higher in Lot 1 than in Lots 2, 3, and 4 (P <.01) and, also, was higher in Lot 2 than in 3 and 4 (P <.05). The correlation coefficient of −0.92 between average daily gain and feed: gain ratio was significant (P <.01).The digestible energy of the barley was a calculated value based on the energy requirement for maintenance and gain and was found to be 1911 kilocalories per pound. No correlation was found between fat in the 9th, 10th, 11th rib section and urinary creatinine. Significant correlations were found between urinary creatinine excretion and both average daily gain and feed: gain ratio.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN RATIONS OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN: ENERGY RATIO FOR LAMBS WEANED AT THREE OR AT FIFTEEN DAYS OF AGE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas68-042 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 307-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. J. Brisson ◽

J. P. Lemay

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

The Other ◽

Energy Ratio ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Gross Energy ◽

Milk Substitutes ◽

Daily Gain

Sixty-four lambs, 32 weaned at 3 to 5 days of age and 32 at 15 days of age, were fed milk substitutes up to a liveweight of 25 kg. Half of each group received a ration with a protein:calorie ratio of 38.9 (ration A) and the other half a ration with a ratio of 34.5 (ration B). The gross energy of ration A was 4.7 kcal/g and that of ration B, 5.3 kcal/g. Average daily gain to 8 weeks of age was 238 and 253 g for the lambs fed rations A and B, respectively. Feed consumption was slightly higher for the lambs fed ration A. Dressing-out percentage was 52 for the lambs fed ration A and 56 for those fed ration B. The lambs weaned at 15 days had higher dressing-out percentages (P < 0.05). The percentage of carcasses which graded A was 33% for ration B and only 15% for ration A.

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Corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based backgrounding beef cattle diets: Effect on growth and efficiency during the backgrounding and finishing periods

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas06052 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 615-621 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. C. Swanson ◽

M. Ko ◽

C. J. Mader

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Soybean Hulls ◽

Feedlot Performance ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Plasma Urea ◽

Soybean Hull ◽

Daily Gain

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based diets on backgrounding calf performance and subsequent feedlot performance. Crossbred steers [n = 48, initial body weight (BW) = 303 ± 3.4 kg] were individually fed dietary treatments consisting of: (1) haylage [17.5% crude protein, dry matter (DM) basis; control], (2) haylage + 20% (DM basis) cracked corn, and (3) haylage + 20% (DM basis) soybean hulls during a 112-d backgrounding period. After the backgrounding period, all steers were adapted to a common high moisture corn-based finishing diet and fed until an ultrasound estimated backfat thickness of 7 mm was obtained. During the backgrounding period, steers fed cracked corn or soybean hulls had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain, dry matter intake and gain:feed and lower (P = 0.05) plasma urea N as compared with controls. However, when finished on a common high-concentrate diet, steers previously fed cracked corn had greater (P < 0.08) average daily gain, final body weight, and longissimus muscle area than those fed soybean hulls, suggesting that source of supplemental energy during the backgrounding period may influence subsequent feedlot performance. Key words: Beef cattle, backgrounding, energy supplementation

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PENAMBAHAN DAUN GEDI (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) SEBAGAI “ADDITIVE” DALAM AIR MINUM DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERFORMANS AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER

ZOOTEC ◽

10.35792/zot.39.1.2019.23645 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Desben Kogoya ◽

J S Mandey ◽

L J Rumokoy ◽

M N Regar

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Native Chicken ◽

Daily Gain

UTILIZATION OF “GEDI LEAF (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) AS“ADDITIVE” IN DRINKING WATER RELATED TO THE PERFORMANCE OF INDONESIAN SUPER NATIVE CHICKEN. Research was done to evaluate the performance of Indonesian super native chicken treated with “Gedi” leaf (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) as“Additive” in drinking water. Study was conducted using hundred individuals of the Indonesian super native day old chicken. The juice of “Gedi” leaf (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) was given as in forms of the four treatments as follows, drinking water without “Gedi” leaf as control (P0), drinking water with 10 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P1), drinking water with 20 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P2), and drinking water with 30 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P3). Treatments were applied to the birds at 6 weeks old by completely randomized design five replications at each treatment. Data were taken during 5 weeks. Feeds were using 73 percents of commercial feed added by 10 percents of corn and 17 percents of rice bran with nutritional composition of crude protein 19.49 percents, crude fiber 4.66 percents, fat 3.63 percents, Calcium 1.02 percents, Phosphorus 0.66 percents and metabolic energy of 2920 kcal/kg, all given ad libitum. Variables measurement were focused on feed consumption, drinking water consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion. Results showed that drinking water with 30 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P3) was not significantly different with other treatments for feed and drinking water consumption, except for average daily gain and feed conversion. The treatments of P1 and P2 were not significantly different for average daily gain, but these treatments were higher in average daily gain compared with control (P0). The highest value of feed conversion was obtained at treatment P3 and the lowest value was found at treatment P1. These values indicated that the best feed conversion was treatment P1. Therefore, it can be concluded that juice of “Gedi” leaf can be used as the alternative additive feed in drinking water up to 20 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water in term of high average daily gain and feed conversion of Indonesian super native chicken. Key words: Drinking water, “Gedi” leaf, Indonesian super native chicken.

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Pengaruh Suplementasi Ampas Tahu, Ampas Tempe dan Ampas Kecap dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Domba Lokal Jantan

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.5.1.1-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Eka Handayanta

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Soy Sauce ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Daily Gain

The aim of this research to determine the effect of supplementation of tofu. tempe, and soy sauce waste in ration on male local sheep performance. This research was carried out during three month, take place on July until October 200E in Minifarm Dept. of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, located in Jatikuwung. Gondangrejo, Karanganyar. It used 12 male local sheeps with average body weight of 15.86 ±0.93 kg, divided into four treatments and three replications, each replication consist of one sheep. The ration consisted of king grass only as basal diet, as many as four percent base on body weight. The treatment given is in the form of feed supplement, that namely without supplement (RO), 250 gram tofu waste (R1), 250 gram tempe waste (R2), and 250 gram soy sauce waste (R3). The data variables collected were feed consumption, dry and organic matter digestibility, crude protein consumption, energy consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. All of data except average daily gain was analyzed by completely randomized design one way classification. While average daily gain was analyzed by covariance analyze. The result were significant followed by Duncan new multiple range test. The result showed that average of R0, RI, R2 and R3 for feed consumption 430.52; 720.44; 704.44; 549.08 gram/day, dry matter digestibility (%) 61,07; 72,46; 69,68: 63,60, organic matter digestibility (%) 64,41: 74,94; 72.41; 64,7 1, crude protein consumption 47.66; 106.77; 85.83; 73.70 gram/day, energy consumption 281.82; 482.65; 432.67; 330.83 gram/day, average daily gain 50.00.1X00: 116.19; 38.10 gram/day and feed conversion ratio 8.74; 5.61; 6.06; 15.2. The result of variance analyze showed that feed supplementation have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on all of the data variable colected. Conclusion of this research was supplementation of tofu waste and tempe waste could improved performance, while soy sauce waste could not improved the performance of male local sheep. Key words : sheep, tofu waste, tempe waste, soy sauce waste, performance

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INHERITANCE AND PLANE OF NUTRITION IN SWINE: I. EFFECTS OF SEASON, PLANE OF NUTRITION, SEX AND SIRE ON FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas63-011 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 72-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. N. Plank ◽

R. T. Berg

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Performance Score ◽

Feedlot Performance ◽

Sex Effects ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Relative Response ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Daily Gain

Four trials, involving 124 pigs, were conducted to study the effects of differing planes of nutrition on swine characteristics and to study the relative response of specific genetic groups of pigs to these differing planes. Seasonal and sex effects were also evaluated. Equalized limited feeding to a scale of 75 per cent of the U.S. N.R.C. recommended levels for bacon hogs was compared to liberal feeding wherein pigs were fed to appetite three times daily and to ad libitum feeding.Winter-fed pigs grew slower, were less efficient, had a higher dressing percentage and shorter carcasses than summer-fed pigs.As the plane of nutrition increased, average daily gains increased, feed conversion ratios were correspondingly inferior, dressing percentage rose, backfat thickness increased and area of loin and total Record of Performance score decreased.Females outgained barrows under equalized limited feeding, whereas barrows outgained females at a similar feed requirement by eating more feed under liberal feeding. Female carcasses were superior to those of barrows with a tendency for the differences to be greater under the equalized limited feeding system.Genotype × plane of nutrition interactions were significant for average daily feed consumed (P <.05), average daily gain (P <.01), length (P <.05), and total R.O.P. score (P <.01). Under equalized limited feeding pigs with the ability to gain both rapidly and efficiently tended to produce superior carcasses while under liberal feeding rapid gains seemed to reflect mainly increased feed consumption and a trend toward inferior feed conversion and fatter carcasses.

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Synovex® H as a prenatal androgenizing agent in beef cattle: Effects on the implanted pregnant heifer

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas95-082 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 543-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. L. Aldrich ◽

L. L. Berger ◽

D. J. Kesler ◽

D. B. Faulkner ◽

J. W. Castrée

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Calving Ease ◽

Calving Rate ◽

And Control ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Estradiol Levels ◽

Pregnancy Hormones

A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Synovex® H as an agent for prenatal androgenization in beef cattle. Thirty Charolais-cross heifers, exposed to a fertile bull during a 55-d spring breeding season, were randomly assigned to a control group or implanted with three times the normal dose of Synovex® H between days 20 and 75 of gestation. Serum concentrations of testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone, calving rate, and growth performance were determined in the pregnant heifers. Testosterone levels were greater (P < 0.001) in treated heifers than in control heifers. Synovex® H treatment had no affect on estradiol levels. Progesterone levels were lowered (P < 0.05) in treated heifers. Synovex® H treatment decreased (P < 0.05) calving rate and birth weight of calves born to treated heifers. Calving ease scores were not affected by Synovex® H treatment. Weight was not affected; however, average daily gain was improved 7% by Synovex® H treatment (0.88 vs. 0.82 ± 0.04 kg d−1, treated and control heifers, respectively). These results are interpreted to suggest that Synovex® H is not an appropriate androgenizing agent for cattle due to adverse effects on progesterone concentrations during pregnancy and on calving rate. Key words: Cattle, prenatal androgenization, Synovex® H, pregnancy, hormones

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The effect of deworming naturally infected heifers on liveweight gain, reproductive performance and fecal egg counts

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas93-031 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 287-293

Author(s):

S. L. Boyles ◽

L. J. Johnson ◽

W. D. Slanger ◽

B. J. Kreft ◽

J. D. Kirsch

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Fecal Sample ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Treated Group ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Age At Puberty ◽

Daily Gain

Twenty-six of 52 heifers with an average liveweight of 318 kg were dewormed by intraruminal injection of oxfendazole and placed in drylot on 31 January. The other 26 animals served as controls. All heifers were pastured starting on 14 June and the treatment heifers were dewormed in the same manner as at the start of the experiment (31 January) on 1 July and 31 July. The groups started out with similar total worm eggs per gram of fecal sample, but the dewormed heifers had fewer counts each month thereafter. The drylot average daily gain of the treated heifers was higher (P = 0.01) and less variable (P = 0.12) and by 29 May these animals were heavier by 11.7 kg (P = 0.10). The treated animals did not gain as fast on pasture (P = 0.20), but the gain continued to be less variable (P = 0.09). Age at puberty was not different. Number of open heifers in the treated group was 4 vs. 15% for the control group (P = 0.18). Deworming by intraruminal injection resulted in faster feedlot gains, more uniform gains during both drylot and pasture, reduced parasites and no abscess at injection sites. Key words: Anthelmintics, oxfendazole, cattle, heifers

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Reducing calcium and phosphorus in crossbred beef cattle diets: impacts on productive performance during the growing and finishing phase

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an14781 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. 1643 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

L. F. Prados ◽

S. C. Valadares Filho ◽

S. A. Santos ◽

D. Zanetti ◽

A. N. Nunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Crossbred Cattle ◽

Maintenance Requirements ◽

Daily Gain

Forty 3/4 Bos indicus × 1/4 Bos taurus bulls (initial bodyweight = 214 ± 4 kg; 11 ± 0.2 months) were used in the study. Four bulls were slaughtered as reference and the other 36 bulls were allowed ad libitum consumption of treatment diets following a completely randomised 3 × 3 factorial design. The design included three diet concentrations of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P): standard, 50% of standard, and 75% of standard and three periods of feedlot confinement: 8, 16, and 24 weeks with four bulls per treatment combination. The diets were isonitrogenous and consisted of 60 : 40 corn silage to concentrate. Dry matter intake, crude protein, ether extract, organic matter, non-fibrous carbohydrates, Ca, and P, expressed as kg/day, were greater (P < 0.05) for bulls confined for longer periods. Nutrient digestibility and average daily gain was not affected (P > 0.05) by Ca and P concentration of diet or by feedlot phase. Dressing were decreased (P < 0.05) for bulls that remained in confinement for a shorter period. The daily maintenance requirements of Ca and P were 13.66 and 21.51 mg/kg empty bodyweight, respectively, and the absorption coefficients of Ca and P were 0.70 and 0.67, respectively. We concluded that for crossbred cattle in the feedlot, dietary levels of Ca and P recommended by BR-CORTE (2010), NRC (2000), and AFRC (1991) could be reduced by 62%, 66%, and 57%, respectively, for Ca and by 14%, 15%, and 43%, respectively, for P with significant savings in costs. This study shows that Ca and P can be reduced to 1.8 and 2.2 g/kg DM respectively, in the diets for crossbred cattle in feedlot.

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PEMANFAATAN DEDAK PADI TERFERMENTASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN BABI

Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan ◽

10.24843/mip.2017.v20.i03.p08 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

MAHARDIKA I G. ◽

I W. SUDIASTRA

Keyword(s):

Rice Bran ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Digestible Energy ◽

Daily Gain

The research has been conducted which aims to analisys the effect of fermented rice bran to pig performance.Completly Randomize Design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates were used in this research. Treatment A: pig givenration containing rice bran without fermentation, treatment B: pig given ration containing 25% fermented rice bran,treatment C: pig given ration containing 50% fermented rice bran, and treatment D: pig given ration containing100% fermented rice bran. Observed variabels are: feed consumption, average daily gain, feed convertion ratio,digestability of nutrient dan digestible energy (DE). Results of this study concluded the used of fermented rice branincreased of growth and feed efficiency.

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