THE EFFECTS OF LEVEL OF FEED CONSUMPTION ON RATE AND EFFICIENCY OF GAIN BY STEERS FED AN ALL-BARLEY RATION

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hironaka ◽  
S. B. Slen
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Urinary Creatinine Excretion

Steers were individually offered an all-barley ration at levels calculated to meet the maintenance requirements of the animals and to obtain a gain of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 pounds per day. The gains obtained were 0.97, 1.45, 1.95, and 2.03 pounds per day and the corresponding feed: gain ratios were 10.92, 8.51, 7.02, and 7.05. The feed: gain ratio was higher in Lot 1 than in Lots 2, 3, and 4 (P <.01) and, also, was higher in Lot 2 than in 3 and 4 (P <.05). The correlation coefficient of −0.92 between average daily gain and feed: gain ratio was significant (P <.01).The digestible energy of the barley was a calculated value based on the energy requirement for maintenance and gain and was found to be 1911 kilocalories per pound. No correlation was found between fat in the 9th, 10th, 11th rib section and urinary creatinine. Significant correlations were found between urinary creatinine excretion and both average daily gain and feed: gain ratio.

Effects of a new sweetener, Stevia, on performance of newly weaned pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Munro ◽  
A. Lirette ◽  
D. M. Anderson ◽  
H. Y. Ju
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

Two-hundred and nine purebred Yorkshire newly weaned piglets were used to determine the effect of the sweetener Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) at 83.3, 167 or 334 mg kg−1 diet on feed consumption (FC), average daily gain (ADG) and feed to gain ratio (F/G) compared with treatments with 5% sucrose and no sweetener (control; C). The Stevia-containing diets did not appear to have detrimental effects on the FC and F/G ratios of the piglets when compared with C. The results indicated only a limited potential for Stevia as feed additive for piglets. Key words: Sweetener, palatability, Stevia, weaned pigs

SOME EFFECTS OF FLUCTUATING LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURES ON BEEF CATTLE

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. HIDIROGLOU ◽  
J. R. LESSARD
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Diurnal Fluctuations ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Daily Gain

Feed consumption, average daily gain, liver vitamin A, plasma protein, hemoglobin, leucocytes and the development of the chest were measured in an experiment in which 60 yearling Hereford steers were maintained outside or in a loose housing, closed pole barn. During the course of the experiment, temperature varied from −43 to 13 C, with wide diurnal fluctuations. The steers wintered outside had higher hemoglobin values and required 16% more total digestible nutrients for maintenance than those wintered inside. The maintenance requirements of those wintered inside were 42% greater than proposed NRC requirements. No major differences were observed among the other parameters studied except average daily gain, in which case the steers inside gained 15% faster.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF ISOLATION, OR VARIETAL DIFFERENCES IN, HIGH FIBRE HULL FRACTION OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEALS ON RAT OR PIG PERFORMANCE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
F. X. AHERNE ◽  
A. J. LEWIS
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty-eight crossbred pigs of average initial weight 21 kg were fed 10% Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and 10% Candle RSM as partial replacements for soybean meal (SBM). Diets were formulated to be isocaloric. Pigs fed the SBM diet consumed less feed, gained significantly (P < 0.01) faster and were more efficient at converting feed to gain than those fed the RSM diets. Performance of pigs fed Candle RSM was not significantly different to that obtained with Tower RSM. In a second experiment, dehulled Tower RSM and Tower RSM hulls were mixed in amounts to produce RSM with crude fibre levels of 6.8, 10.8, 13.5 and 15.8%. The simulated RSM and Tower and Candle RSM were used to completely replace SBM in the diets of weanling (75 g) Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats fed SBM had significantly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gain (ADG) than those fed Tower or Candle RSM, or diets containing the rapeseed meats. There was no significant (P < 0.05) difference in ADG, feed intake or feed to gain ratio of rats fed either Tower or Candle RSM. Feed intake, feed to gain ratio and fecal volatile fatty acid concentrations increased while average daily gain decreased with increasing level of hulls in simulated RSM diets. There was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in thyroid weight between rats fed SBM, Tower RSM or Candle RSM.

Creatinine Excretion

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
JAMES L. SUTPHEN
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Weight Measurement ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Creatinine Measurement ◽  
Urinary Creatinine Excretion

In Reply.— The questions posed by Harkavy allow me to expand on the initial presentation of the data in my previous report.1 As documented by numerous previous reports, urinary creatinine excretion does, in fact, reflect body muscle mass.2 Furthermore, it has been documented in older infants that creatinine excretion per kilogram increases with the age, weight, and length of the infant.3 The regression data in my report are not expressed in terms of creatinine per kilogram as the dependent variable as this multiplies the error of creatinine measurement by including the error in weight measurement (hydration states etc).

scholarly journals PENAMBAHAN DAUN GEDI (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) SEBAGAI “ADDITIVE” DALAM AIR MINUM DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERFORMANS AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Desben Kogoya ◽  
J S Mandey ◽  
L J Rumokoy ◽  
M N Regar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Daily Gain

UTILIZATION OF “GEDI LEAF (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) AS“ADDITIVE” IN DRINKING WATER RELATED TO THE PERFORMANCE OF INDONESIAN SUPER NATIVE CHICKEN. Research was done to evaluate the performance of Indonesian super native chicken treated with “Gedi” leaf (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) as“Additive” in drinking water. Study was conducted using hundred individuals of the Indonesian super native day old chicken. The juice of “Gedi” leaf (Abelmoschus Manihot (L) Medik) was given as in forms of the four treatments as follows, drinking water without “Gedi” leaf as control (P0), drinking water with 10 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P1), drinking water with 20 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P2), and drinking water with 30 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P3). Treatments were applied to the birds at 6 weeks old by completely randomized design five replications at each treatment. Data were taken during 5 weeks. Feeds were using 73 percents of commercial feed added by 10 percents of corn and 17 percents of rice bran with nutritional composition of crude protein 19.49 percents, crude fiber 4.66 percents, fat 3.63 percents, Calcium 1.02 percents, Phosphorus 0.66 percents and metabolic energy of 2920 kcal/kg, all given ad libitum. Variables measurement were focused on feed consumption, drinking water consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion. Results showed that drinking water with 30 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water (P3) was not significantly different with other treatments for feed and drinking water consumption, except for average daily gain and feed conversion. The treatments of P1 and P2 were not significantly different for average daily gain, but these treatments were higher in average daily gain compared with control (P0). The highest value of feed conversion was obtained at treatment P3 and the lowest value was found at treatment P1. These values indicated that the best feed conversion was treatment P1. Therefore, it can be concluded that juice of “Gedi” leaf can be used as the alternative additive feed in drinking water up to 20 ml juice of “Gedi” leaf per liter of drinking water in term of high average daily gain and feed conversion of Indonesian super native chicken. Key words: Drinking water, “Gedi” leaf, Indonesian super native chicken.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suplementasi Ampas Tahu, Ampas Tempe dan Ampas Kecap dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Domba Lokal Jantan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eka Handayanta
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Gain

<p class="Style2"><em>The aim of this research to determine the effect of supplementation of tofu. </em><em>tempe, and soy sauce waste in ration on male local sheep performance. This </em><em>research was carried out during three month, take place on July until October </em><em>200E in Minifarm Dept. of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret </em><em>University, located in Jatikuwung. Gondangrejo, Karanganyar. It used </em><em>12 </em><em>male </em><em>local sheeps with average body weight of </em><em>15.86 ±0.93 </em><em>kg, divided into four treatments and three replications, each replication consist of one sheep.</em><em> </em><em>The ration consisted of king grass only as basal diet, </em><em>as many as four percent </em><em>base on body weight. The treatment given is in the form of feed supplement, that </em><em>namely without supplement </em><em>(RO), </em><em>250 </em><em>gram tofu waste (R1), </em><em>250 </em><em>gram tempe </em><em>waste </em><em>(R2), and </em><em>250 </em><em>gram soy sauce waste </em><em>(R3). </em><em>The data variables collected </em><em>were </em><em>feed consumption, dry and organic matter digestibility, crude protein </em><em>consumption, energy consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. </em><em>All of data except average daily gain was analyzed by completely randomized </em><em>design one way classification. While average daily gain was analyzed by </em><em>covariance analyze. The result were significant followed by Duncan new multiple </em><em>range test.</em><em> </em><em>The result showed that average of </em><em>R0, RI, </em><em>R2 and </em><em>R3 </em><em>for feed consumption </em><em>430.52; 720.44; 704.44; 549.08 </em><em>gram/day, dry matter digestibility (%) </em><em>61,07; 72,46; 69,68: 63,60, organic matter digestibility (%) </em><em>64,41: 74,94; 72.41; 64,7 1, </em><em>crude protein consumption 47.66; 106.77; 85.83; 73.70 gram/day, energy consumption </em><em>281.82; 482.65; 432.67; 330.83 </em><em>gram/day, average daily gain </em><em>50.00.</em><em><sup>­</sup></em><em>1X00: 116.19; 38.10 </em><em>gram/day and feed conversion ratio </em><em>8.74; 5.61; 6.06; 15.2. </em><em>The result of variance analyze showed that feed supplementation have highly </em><em>significant effect (P&lt;0.01) on all of the data variable colected. Conclusion of this </em><em>research was supplementation of tofu waste and tempe waste could improved </em><em>performance, while soy sauce waste could not improved the performance of male </em><em>local sheep.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><em>Key words : sheep, tofu waste, tempe waste, soy sauce waste, performance</em>

Enzymuria as a Marker of Renal Injury and Disease: Studies of N-Acetyl-βglucosaminidase in the General Population and in Patients with Renal Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 751-760
Author(s):  
Calvin M. Kunin ◽  
Russell W. Chesney ◽  
William A. Craig ◽  
Albert C. England ◽  
Catherine DeAngelis
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Urinary Creatinine Excretion

Urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) was shown to be reproducible in random urine specimens when expressed as the ratio of NAG to milligrams of urinary creatinine. The enzyme/creatinine ratio in 815 healthy people was relatively constant throughout childhood and adult life except for the first two years after birth and in individuals 56 years or greater. High ratios in the young children may be explained by low urinary creatinine excretion probably related to small body mass and reduced glomerular filtration rate at this age. The ratio was increased in adult uremic patients and children and adults with a variety of neurologic and obstructive lesions of the voiding mechanism. The presence of bacteriuria did not appear to increase the ratio. Significant enzymuria (&gt; 2 SD above the mean for age and sex) was detected in 38 of 81 children with well-characterized renal disease. Among patients with predominantly glomerular disorders there was a close relationship between activity of the disease and enzymuria. In patients with tubulointerstitial disease enzymuria was frequent even in the absence of proteinuria. One of the highest enzyme/creatinine ratios was observed in a child with cystinosis. These studies indicate that NAG enzymuria is a sensitive indicator of activity of renal disease and may prove to be a suitable screening test for significant renal disease or injury in childhood.

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