THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF CANADIAN MEAT MEALS FOR CHICKS

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Aitken ◽  
J. Biely ◽  
J. T. Sell ◽  
A. R. Robblee ◽  
D. C. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Individual

Chick growth trials were conducted by five cooperating laboratories on five meat meals obtained from widely separated sources across Canada. The meat meals were tested by feeding them individually at a level of 12% in a broiler starter diet. There were three battery brooder pens of 15 male chicks each per ration at each of five locations, in two successive trials.Mean body weights at 4 weeks of age over all locations combined were in all cases lower on the meat meal diets than on a control diet containing no meat meal but using soybean meal as a primary source of protein. Growth on the meat meal diets ranged from 88% to 96% of that on the control diet in trial 1, and from 92% to 98% in trial 2. At the individual locations, there were 5 instances out of 50 in which growth on a meat meal diet exceeded that on a control diet.

scholarly journals COCONUT MEAL INCLUSION IN HIGH CONCENTRATE SHEEP DIETS AFFECTS FEED DIGESTIBILITY AND INTAKE1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 692-701
Author(s):  
PAULA FABRINY MAUÉS DA SILVA ◽  
SARAH OLIVEIRA SOUSA PANTOJA ◽  
FELIPE NOGUEIRA DOMINGUES ◽  
ANIBAL COUTINHO DO RÊGO ◽  
CRISTIAN FATURI
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Coconut Meal

ABSTRACT Coconut meal can be an affordable low-cost alternative to noble ingredients such as corn and soybean meal in sheep diets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of coconut meal inclusions, when used as a corn and soybean meal replacement, on the intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance of sheep diets. Twenty-four male Santa Inês lambs with body weights (BW) of 26.6 ± 3.2 kg were used in the study. The animals were housed in metabolic cages and distributed in a completely randomized block design, with three treatments and eight replications. The animals received a total mixed ratio of 30% roughage (elephant grass) and 70% concentrate. The animals were fed on two experimental diets with 11% and 22% coconut meal inclusion and a control diet (without coconut meal). Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) intake as a percentage of BW were negatively influenced by the inclusion of coconut meal. The ether extract (EE) intake increased but did not differ between the 11% and 22% coconut meal diets. Furthermore, the digestibility of DM, CP, EE, and ADF did not differ between the two evaluated diets. The inclusion of coconut meal reduced NDF digestibility and increased that of NFC. The level of inclusion of coconut meal in the diet must be based on the EE content in the meal; keeping the EE intake below 0.16% of the BW helped to avoid limited intake of feed.

Nutritional evaluation of meat meals for poultry. VIII.* Nutritive values of and limiting amino acids in cereal diets, supplemented with meat meal

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Skurray ◽  
RB Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Amino Acid Levels ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

When a commercial meat meal was used to supplement wheat, corn and sorghum diets to growing chicks, there was a wide variation in performance. Feed conversion efficiencies were higher on diets based on wheat and corn than those based on sorghum. The nutritive value as determined by chick growth tests of a wheat-plus-meat meal diet was higher than a corn or sorghum-plus-meat meal diet. The nutritive value of a wheat–plus–meat meal diet, supplemented with lysine and methionine, was the same as that of a crystalline amino acid reference diet. The weight gains of chicks given these two diets were higher than those obtained with diets based on wheat, corn and sorghum, not supplemented with lysine and methionine. The results were explained in terms of the limiting and digestible essential amino acids in these diets. The limiting amino acids in the diets were determined from the plasma amino acid levels in chicks given these diets. ______________________ *Part VII, Aust. J. agric. Res., 23: 913-22 (1972).

scholarly journals By-products from integrated starch-ethanol production from barley in the diets of growing cattle

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-462
Author(s):  
Pekka Huhtanen ◽  
Matti Näsi ◽  
Hannele Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Barley Protein ◽  
By Products

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the nutritive value for growing cattle of by-products from a new process for integrated starch-ethanol production from barley. Experiment 1 was a 4 x 4 Latin Square, in which the effects of barley protein (375 g crude protein (CP)/kg dry matter (DM)) on digestibility and N retention were examined in four male cattle (initial live weight(LW) 147 kg). The control diet (C) consisted of hay and rolled barley (1 : 1). In isonitrogenous experimental diets, soybean meal (S), a mixture of soybean meal and barley protein (SB) or barley protein (B) was substituted for barley to increase the dietary CP content from 125 to 150 g/kg DM. Replacement of barley with protein supplements increased (P

NUTRITIVE VALUE OF LEAF PROTEIN CONCENTRATES PREPARED FROM Amaranthus SPECIES

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. CHEEKE ◽  
R. CARLSSON ◽  
G. O. KOHLER
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Leaf Protein ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
The Poor

Leaf protein concentrate (LPC) samples were prepared from several species of Amaranthus. Their proximate composition and phenolic content were determined. In vitro nitrogen digestibility was low (28–48%) and was negatively correlated with phenolic content. The amino acid content of one sample of A. hypochondriacus LPC was measured, and compared favorably with reported values for essential amino acids for alfalfa LPC and soybean meal. The nutritional values of the LPC samples were assessed in a rat feeding trial. Compared to a soybean meal control diet, the gains with Amaranthus LPC were poor, ranging from 18 to 72% of the control value. The cause of the poor growth remains to be determined. The high ash content of the samples, or the presence of organic factors such as saponins, phenolics and oxalates are possibilities to account for the poor growth rate of rats.

Nutritional evaluation of six protein concentrates for the pig

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (85) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
AC Kondos
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Percentage Basis ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Head Protein

Experiments with growing pigs fed isonitrogenous diets were done to compare the nutritional value of two new protein sources, blood protein (globulin) and prawn-head protein concentrate, with that of soybean meal (extracted), meat meal (54 per cent CP), casein and gluten. Growth performance results expressed on a percentage basis of animals given the control diet rated as follows: soybean meal 90 per cent, blood protein and casein 82 per cent, meat meal 75 per cent, prawn-head meal 70 per cent and gluten 63 per cent. From results on growth rate, efficiency of feed conversion and amino acids profiles, the two non-conventional protein concentrates appeared to be suitable for inclusion in the diets of monogastric animals.

RESPONSE OF WHITE LEGHORN AND RHODE ISLAND RED BREEDER HENS TO DIETARY DEFICIENCIES OF SYNTHETIC VITAMINS. 1. EGG PRODUCTION, HATCHABILITY AND CHICK GROWTH

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
B. S. REINHART ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Breeder Hens ◽  
Single Comb

Thirty-week-old purebred strains of Single Comb White Leghorn (WL) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) breeder hens were offered a control corn-soybean meal diet or the control diet with one of the following vitamins omitted from the supplement: biotin, B12, E, folacin, niacin, pantothenate and riboflavin. For each strain, four randomly distributed cages of four birds were offered each diet. Birds were inseminated weekly with 0.05 ml of pooled White Leghorn (WL) semen. Egg production, fertility and hatchability were recorded. After 15 wk, the vitamins omitted were added to the diets, and observations continued for a further 5 wk. With the exception of biotin, each unsupplemented diet had an adverse effect on egg production of RIR (P < 0.05), although few significant effects were observed with WL. Diet had no effect on fertility. Lack of added riboflavin had the most effect on hatchability, with 0% being recorded for both strains after 13 wk of treatment. All other treatments depressed hatchability for RIR (P < 0.05), although the pattern was not as well defined with W.L. Both breeds responded to re introduction of vitamins, such that at the end of the trial no significant (P > 0.05) differences in production or hatchability were recorded. There was no difference in growth rate of chicks hatched from eggs produced during the 8th wk of treatment.

Nurtitional evaluation of meat meals for poultry. III. Association of chick growth with the bone, calcium, and protein contributed by meat meals to diets, and the effect of mineral and vitamin plus antibiotic supplementation

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
BS Sathe ◽  
GL McClymont
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Growth Promoting

Experiments were conducted to study the effect on chick growth of equalizing the bone, bone ash, or calcium contents of diets based on wheat plus skim milk and containing high or low quality meat meals with and without soybean meal, and of supplementing these diets with minerals and with vitamins plus antibiotic. Bone or ash content was the major cause of variation in the growth of chicks on diets in which meat meal provided about 35% and soybean meal about 22% of the total dietary protein, but not on diets in which meat meals provided about 57% of the protein. The first type of diet gave significantly faster growth than the second type, but this was not due to the lower bone or calcium content of the first type. The results are interpreted as indicating that when meat meals provided a major proportion of the protein, protein quality rather than the bone or ash content of the diets was the major cause of variation in growth. As supplementation with bone ash, or bone with the same ash content, or with calcium carbonate with the same calcium content, depressed growth equally, it was concluded that the main cause of depressed growth on diets containing high levels of added bone was the high calcium content of the diets. Though supplementation of some low quality meat meal diets with minerals, with or without vitamins plus antibiotic, slightly increased growth rates, the variation in growth-promoting ability between diets containing high and low quality meat meals was not appreciably reduced. The experiments confirmed previous indications that the growth-promoting ability of a meat meal included in chicken diets is mainly the resultant of any growth depression due to excess calcium and growth promotion due to the contribution of essential amino acids.

ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Amoka Pius ◽  
Tawose O M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea.  N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

scholarly journals 57 Effects of Diploid and Tetraploid Annual Ryegrass Cultivars on Cattle Performance, Herbage Mass, and Nutritive Value

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
Sarah M Montgomery ◽  
Brandi Karisch ◽  
Jane A Parish ◽  
Jesse Morrison ◽  
Brian Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) can be divided into two cytotypes: diploid (2n = 2x) and tetraploid (2n = 4x). Polyploid versions of a given plant species result in increased seedling vigor, more robust growth and, potentially, greater yield. While most data suggest no difference in yield between diploid and tetraploid cultivars, there is still potential for weight gain advantages thanks to increased non-structural carbohydrates in tetraploid cells. The objectives of this study were to compare weight gain of cattle grazing either diploid or tetraploid cultivars of annual ryegrass. Two diploid annual ryegrass cultivars (Marshall and Tam 90) and two tetraploid cultivars (Jumbo and Nelson) were planted in 0.81-ha pastures, each replicated four times. Four steers (mean initial BW = 214 kg) were randomly assigned to each pasture for an 82-d grazing period. Body weights were recorded starting at d0 then every 28 days throughout the season. Data were analyzed in the GLM procedure of SAS using a significance level of α = 0.05. There were significant differences between cytotypes with respect to seasonal yield with diploids (9547.90 kg/ha) yielding greater than tetraploids (7762.00 kg/ha). As expected, ADF and NDF fractions were significantly less for tetraploids (ADF; 31.39%, NDF; 31.39%) compared to diploids (ADF; 33.75%, NDF; 53.25%). Tetraploids also contained significantly greater crude protein (13.50%) than diploids (12.90%). Cytotype had no effect on final average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.9427). However, final ADG was significantly impacted by cultivar (P = 0.0134). Final ADG for Tam 90 (1.10 kg/d) was greater than Marshall (0.92 kg/d). Cattle grazing Nelson (1.04 kg/d) and Jumbo (0.99 kg/d) did not differ. Results show that regardless of differences in seasonal yield and nutritive value between cytotypes, there were no advantages in ADG for cattle grazing either cytotype.

PSVI-11 The Effects of Medium Chain Fatty Acid Supplementation on Sow and Piglet Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 203-204
Author(s):  
Analicia J Swanson ◽  
Jorge Y Perez-Palencia ◽  
Crystal L Levesque ◽  
Amanda Hesse
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplementation ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Weaning Piglets

Abstract A total of 38 mixed parity sows were used from 28-d of gestation until weaning to determine the effects of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) in sow and nursery pig diets on litter characteristics and growth performance. On 28-d of gestation, sows were blocked by parity and body weight (BW), and allotted to either a control diet (UNSUP) or a control diet plus 0.3% inclusion of DaaFit Plus (MCFA) fed during gestation and lactation. At weaning, piglets (n=432) were allocated in a 2x2 factorial based on maternal diet (UNSUP or MCFA) and post-weaning diet (UNSUPnurs or MCFAnurs) in a 3-phase nursery pig feeding program lasting 42 days. Individual piglets were weighed at birth, 7-d, at weaning and every 2 weeks post-weaning. A flu outbreak occurred during the latter part of gestation leading to high overall stillborn rate (11%). There was no impact of MCFA supplementation on sow performance (P&gt;0.14). During the suckling period, MCFA fed to sows had no impact on piglet weights or ADG (P&gt;0.82). In the nursey period, overall gain (0.112±0.02 kg) was low in the first two weeks possibly due to health challenges. Supplementation of MCFA to sows or nursery pigs had no impact on body weights during the nursery period (P&gt;0.32); however, absolute differences between groups increased with week [wean, 0.10kg; wk 2, 0.14kg; wk 4, 0.71kg; wk 6, 0.83kg) to the advantage of MCFA fed pigs. Pigs from MCFA fed sows had greater feed intake (P&lt; 0.02) from 14 to 28-d and decreased gain:feed (P &lt; 0.04) from 28 to 42-d compared to pigs from UNSUP sows. Overall, sow and nurser-y pigs fed MCFA had numerically greater 42-d BW, ADG, and ADFI. In conclusion, despite health challenges, supplementation with MCFA in gestation, lactation or in the nursery period improved piglet performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document