SOLVENT-EXTRACTED RAPESEED OIL MEAL AS A PROTEIN SOURCE FOR PIGS AND RATS: II. NITROGEN DIGESTIBILITY AND RETENTION; AND ENERGY AND DRY MATTER DIGESTIBILITY

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Manns ◽  
J. P. Bowland
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Total Diet

Rats and pigs received diets containing solvent-extracted rapeseed oil meal (R.O.M.) substituted on an equivalent protein basis for 0 to 100 per cent of the dietary soybean oil meal (S.O.M.). R.O.M. represented up to 15.6 per cent of the total diet. Apparent nitrogen (N), energy and dry matter (D.M.) digestibility coefficients were reduced during growth (4 to 5 weeks of age) when rats received R.O.M. in replacement for 50 or 100 per cent of the dietary S.O.M., and during gestation when they received R.O.M. in replacement for 25 to 100 per cent of the S.O.M. Results with pigs were similar but less consistent. Retention of gross N or digested N was lower in rats receiving R.O.M. in substitution for over 50 per cent of the S.O.M. during growth or over 25 per cent of the S.O.M. during gestation. A supplement of 0.2 per cent L-lysine added to the diet containing the highest level of R.O.M. had no influence on digestibility or retention in rats but improved N, energy and D.M. digestibilities for pigs at 75 pounds liveweight and during gestation and lactation. Sex of rats did not influence digestibility coefficients, but boars were more efficient than gilts in digesting energy and D.M.

A note on the use of field beans (Vicia faba) for growing cattle

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. MacLeod ◽  
A. Macdearmid ◽  
M. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
Field Beans

SUMMARYField beans were compared with fish meal and soya bean meal as a protein source for young calves, and the effect of processing beans and barley on the digestibility of the diet was measured with older, castrated male cattle.In calves given equal nitrogen intakes, apparent nitrogen digestibility was lower with field beans than with soya bean meal or white-fish meal, but nitrogen retention (g/day and percentage of intake) in calves given beans was between that obtained with fish meal and soya bean meal. The dry-matter digestibility of diets containing 20 % whole or rolled beans together with rolled barley was 80 % but fell to 74 % if the barley was given whole.

Kale for beef production

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Macdearmid ◽  
G. M. Innes ◽  
P. E. V. Williams ◽  
M. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Daily Gain

ABSTRACTEffects on animal health and productivity of offering diets composed wholly or partly of kale to Hereford × Friesian steers were examined in two growth trials and a digestibility trial. Rates of daily gain (kg), daily dry-matter intake (kg) and coefficients of dry-matter digestibility by 24 steers offered proportions of 0·50 or 0·75 kale with rolled barley or 100 kale were respectively 1·05, 7·5, 0·76; 0·72, 5·8, 0·72; and 0·48, 5·3, 0·70. Of 48 steers given 0·25 or 0·50 kale with rolled barley, fodderbeet or swede turnips, the food intakes and daily gains of those offered barley were greatest on the higher proportion of kale whereas with fodderbeet and turnips the food intakes and gains were higher (P<005 and P<0·01) respectively on the lower proportion of kale. Although daily intakes of S-methylcysteine sulphoxide were high, reaching 0·25 and 0·33 g per kg body weight in trials 1 and 2 respectively, and moderate changes in blood metabolism occurred, there were no cases of haemolytic anaemia. Steers given only kale produced the poorest daily live-weight gain and the results suggested that the inclusion of kale should be limited to 0·50 of the total diet.

White clover fractions as protein source for monogastrics: dry matter digestibility and protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 2557-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Stødkilde ◽  
Vinni K Damborg ◽  
Henry Jørgensen ◽  
Helle N Laerke ◽  
Søren K Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

SOLVENT-EXTRACTED RAPESEED OIL MEAL AS A PROTEIN SOURCE FOR PIGS AND RATS: IV. LIVER WEIGHTS AND VITAMIN A STORAGE IN THE LIVER

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Bowland ◽  
J. G. Manns ◽  
S. Zivković
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Liver Storage

Sows receiving rations containing solvent-extracted rapeseed oil meal (R.O.M.) as a replacement for 50 or 100 per cent of the soybean oil meal in the ration (6.0 and 12.0 per cent R.O.M. in the total ration during gestation and lactation) had larger livers on the basis of either absolute weight or of the ratio of liver weight to body weight. The sows receiving the highest level of dietary R.O.M. had increased liver storage of vitamin A per gram of liver and in the total liver. With pigs at 200 pounds live-weight, 12-week-old growing rats, or rats following reproduction, the ratio of fiver weight to body weight was increased when high levels of R.O.M. were included in the diet, but these differences were non-significant. Vitamin A storage in the fivers of these animals was not influenced consistently by the level of R.O.M. in the diet.

Inclusion of yeast waste as a protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on ruminal fermentation and gas kinetics using in vitro gas production technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Rittikeard Prachumchai ◽  
Chanadol Supapong ◽  
Benjamad Khonkhaeng ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

This experiment was conducted to investigate the utilisation of yeast waste as protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on kinetic of gas, rumen ammonia-nitrogen and digestibility of nutrients by using in vitro gas production technique. The experimental design was a completely randomised design and the dietary treatments were replacing soybean meal with yeast wastein concentrate at the ratio of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100, respectively. Yeast waste was obtained from KSL Green Innovation Public Co. Limited, Thailand. The gas production was recorded at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation. The yeast waste contained 26.4% crude protein. Gas production from soluble fractions (a), gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a+b) and the gas production rate constants for the insoluble fraction (c) were not altered when increasing concentration of yeast waste replacing soybean meal (P &gt; 0.05). Cumulative gas production (at 96 h of incubation) ranged from 69.3 to 72.8 mL and was similar among treatments. Ruminal NH3-N concentration was linearly increased (P &lt; 0.05) whereas ruminal pH did not alter when inclusion various levels of yeast waste replacing soybean meal, which ranged from 15.2 to 19.1 mg/dL and 6.90 to 6.94, respectively. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro organic matter digestibility did not changed by increasing levels of yeast waste in the diets (P &gt; 0.05), except only in vitro dry matter digestibility at 12 h, which higher in soybean meal:yeast waste at 25:75 ratio (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, propionate (C3) molar was linearly higher when compared between inclusion yeast waste and the control group whereas acetate was decreased quadratically (P &lt; 0.05) and protozoal population tended to be decreased (P = 0.07) when increasing the level of replacing yeast waste. In conclusion, yeast waste could replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture with no negative effect on gas kinetics, rumen fermentation and in vitro digestibility, and therefore its use in animal feeding would contribute to a reduction in environmental pollution.

Different forms and frequencies of soybean oil supplementation do not alter rumen fermentation in grazing heifers

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
M. C. A. Santana ◽  
G. Fiorentini ◽  
J. D. Messana ◽  
P. H. M. Dian ◽  
R. C. Canesin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Supplementation Frequency ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Rumen Ammonia Nitrogen

Over the productive cycle, the performance of cattle in grazing systems may be compromised, and feed supplementation is a strategy to establish nutritional balance and maximise the performance of grazing animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different supplementation frequencies (i.e. daily supplementation (DS) versus Monday, Wednesday and Friday (MWF)) with different forms of soybean oil (i.e. soybean grain (SG), soybean oil (SO) and rumen-protected fat (RPF)) on the nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation of heifers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pastures. Twelve crossbred heifers (1/4 Nellore × 1/4 Santa Gertrudis × 1/2 Braunvieh) with an initial bodyweight of 236.3 ± 27.6 kg were distributed in a completely randomised design with a factorial arrangement 3 × 2 (three diets and two supplementation frequencies). There was no interaction among the SO form or supplementation frequency on dry matter intake and dry matter digestibility (P > 0.05). The animals supplemented with SG exhibited lower nitrogen intake and absorption compared with animals that were fed SO (P < 0.05). The efficiency of microbial synthesis was not influenced by the diet or supplementation frequency (P > 0.05). Forms of SO affected the rumen pH; animals fed SO showed pH values similar to those of animals receiving SG but lower values than animals fed RPF (P < 0.05). Animals supplemented with DS exhibited higher levels of rumen ammonia nitrogen relative to those supplemented MWF. The reduction of supplementation frequency (from DS to MWF k) in our experimental conditions can be used to increase the efficiency of pasture utilisation without effects in fermentation activity of the rumen microbial population. Supplementation with SO is a strategy to increase propionic acid concentration and reduce A : P ratio, which is an indicator of improvement of the efficiency of the ruminal energy utilisation.

Intake, by sheep, and digestibility of chickweed, dandelion, dock, ribwort and spurrey, compared with perennial ryegrass

1993 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Derrick ◽  
G. Moseley ◽  
D. Wilman
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Voluntary Intake

SUMMARYSix plant species were compared as food for sheep: chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber), dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.), ribwort (Plantago lanceolata L.), spurrey (Spergula arvensis L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). In two experiments at Aberystwyth in 1985 and 1986, the species were fed to lambs as the total diet, after artificial drying. In another experiment in 1987, they were fed fresh, in 1·5 minute meals, to yearling sheep.The dicotyledonous species had a lower proportion of cell wall (neutral detergent fibre) in dry matter than perennial ryegrass. The true dry matter digestibility of chickweed, dandelion, dock and leafy ribwort was as high as that of ryegrass, but the in vivo digestibility of all five dicotyledonous species was lower than that of ryegrass. The voluntary intake of the dicotyledonous species was higher than might have been predicted from their digestibility. The voluntary intake of spurrey was > 20% higher than that of ryegrass.When the species were fed fresh, spurrey had the highest rate of intake as a consequence of a high chewing rate and a low requirement for number of chews/g of dry matter consumed. Chewing rate was higher on all the dicotyledonous diets than on ryegrass. The rate of intake of dandelion was above average, but that of dock was low and variable, particularly when the plants had been chopped.

The role of silicon in forages: A quantitative X-Ray study

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
Janet H. Woodward ◽  
D. E. Akin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acetate Buffer ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percent Composition

Silicon (Si) is distributed throughout plant tissues, but its role in forages has not been clarified. Although Si has been suggested as an antiquality factor which limits the digestibility of structural carbohydrates, other research indicates that its presence in plants does not affect digestibility. We employed x-ray microanalysis to evaluate Si as an antiquality factor at specific sites of two cultivars of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactvlon (L.) Pers.). “Coastal” and “Tifton-78” were chosen for this study because previous work in our lab has shown that, although these two grasses are similar ultrastructurally, they differ in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in percent composition of Si.Two millimeter leaf sections of Tifton-7 8 (Tift-7 8) and Coastal (CBG) were incubated for 72 hr in 2.5% (w/v) cellulase in 0.05 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. For controls, sections were incubated in the sodium acetate buffer or were not treated.

ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Amoka Pius ◽  
Tawose O M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea.  N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document