White clover fractions as protein source for monogastrics: dry matter digestibility and protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 2557-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Stødkilde ◽  
Vinni K Damborg ◽  
Henry Jørgensen ◽  
Helle N Laerke ◽  
Søren K Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

scholarly journals Using banana peels in pellet rations to improve performance of local male rabbits (Lepus nigricollis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
R. Rochi ◽  
G.A.M.K. Dewi ◽  
I.M. Nuriyasa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Final Weight

A concise and factual abstract This study aims to find out the influence of the use of banana peels in pellet rations to improve the performance of local male rabbits (Lepus nigricollis). The study used 20 local male rabbits that were maintained from 5 to 12 weeks old. The study used Randomized Group Design with 4 treatments and 5 repeats. The treatments in this study are: Rabbit feed that did not contain banana peels (R0), Rabbit feed that contained 5% banana peels (R1), Rabbit feed that contained 10% banana peel (R2), and Rabbit feed that contained 15% banana peel (R3). The results showed no noticeable difference (P>0.05) in the treatment of rations against the ingenuity of dry matter digestibility, energy digestibility, protein digestibility, protein consumption, consumption of dry materials, and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). Rabbits who get R1 ration treatment produce the final weight and the weight gain was significantly different (P<0.05) to R0 and R3 treatment, and not significantly different (P>0.05) on R2 treatment. R1 ration consumption is the highest (P<0.05) compared to R0, R2, and R3 treatments. The effect of ration treatment on carcass variables shows results significantly different (P<0.05).

The voluntary intake and digestibility of diets containing different proportions of legume and mature Pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens)

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Minson ◽  
R Milford
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Deficiency ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Direct Replacement ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Three experiments were conducted with sheep fed ad lib. Digitaria decumbens Stent. (Pangola grass) containing 4.4 per cent crude protein (C.P.) (experiment I), and 3.7 per cent C.P. (experiments 2, 3) and supplemented with 0, 100, 200, 400 g/day lucerne (experiments 1 and 2) and white clover (experiment 3). Both legumes were also fed ad lib. with no grass. 546 The voluntary intake of the grass in experiment 1 decreased at all levels of legume feeding. In experiment 2 the voluntary intake of the grass was increased from 607 to 844 when 200 g of legume was fed, and in experiment 3 from 653 to 843 when 100 g of legume was fed, When the voluntary intake of the grass was not limited by a crude protein deficiency, the legume had a direct replacement effect causing a depression in the voluntary intake of the Pangola grass. The dry matter digestibility increased in direct proportion to the legume percentage of the ration.

A note on the use of field beans (Vicia faba) for growing cattle

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. MacLeod ◽  
A. Macdearmid ◽  
M. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
Field Beans

SUMMARYField beans were compared with fish meal and soya bean meal as a protein source for young calves, and the effect of processing beans and barley on the digestibility of the diet was measured with older, castrated male cattle.In calves given equal nitrogen intakes, apparent nitrogen digestibility was lower with field beans than with soya bean meal or white-fish meal, but nitrogen retention (g/day and percentage of intake) in calves given beans was between that obtained with fish meal and soya bean meal. The dry-matter digestibility of diets containing 20 % whole or rolled beans together with rolled barley was 80 % but fell to 74 % if the barley was given whole.

Effects of cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and capsicum on fermentation of a corn-based dairy ration in continuous culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
L R Tager ◽  
K M Krause
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Continuous Culture System

A 12-unit continuous culture system was used in a complete randomized design to study the effects of no oil (CON), cinnamaldehyde oil (CIN), eugenol oil (EUG), and capsicum oil (CAP) (500 mg L-1 d -1) with a 45:55 forage:concentrate ratio (dry matter basis) ration on rumen fermentation. Dry matter digestibility did not differ among treatments. Organic matter digestibility tended to decrease with CIN. Digestibility of neutral detergent and acid detergent fiber tended to be highest with CAP. Crude protein digestibility and bacterial nitrogen flow was depressed with CIN and EUG. CIN tended to decrease microbial protein synthesis and increase effluent ammonia nitrogen. Total volatile fatty acid production did not differ among treatments; however, isovalerate production tended to be highest with CAP. CIN and EUG had higher mean pH, spent fewer hours per day and had smaller area under the curve at pH < 5.6 and 5.8. CAP had smaller area under the curve at pH < 5.6. Supplementation with these oils at the current dose had limited effects on rumen fermentation, with the majority of effects observed being mainly attributable to the very high dosage of oil used. Key words: Dairy cow, essential oil, continuous culture, rumen fermentation, rumen pH

scholarly journals Dry matter, protein, and energy digestibility of diets for juvenile Pacific white leg shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared at different salinity levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuniel Méndez-Martínez ◽  
Milena Gucić ◽  
Luis Rafael Martínez-Córdova ◽  
Roberto Civera-Cerecedo ◽  
Denis Ricque-Marie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
High Water ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Inert Diet

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of low, medium, and high-water salinity (5, 35, and 50 ppt) on the apparent dry matter, protein, and energy digestibility of two formulated and six commercial diets for juvenile whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in a 120-day trial. Digestibility was determined in vivo using chromic oxide as an inert diet marker. Hydrostability in pellets varied from 86.8% to 99.9%; dry matter digestibility varied from 49.1% to 64.1%; protein digestibility showed greater variations at all salinities (56.9%-85.8%); and energy digestibility ranged from 70.1 to 86.4%. Salinity had a significant effect on dry matter, protein, and energy digestibility. Using a principal component analysis (PCA) with a covariance matrix, our findings suggested that the E2 (fishmeal-based formulation) diet and 35 ppt salinity provided optimum hydrostability and digestibility to Pacific white leg shrimp juveniles.

scholarly journals The effect of cooking on in vitro digestibility of selected legumes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Ranjani Amarakoon ◽  
Stanislav Kráčmar ◽  
Ignác Hoza ◽  
Pavel Budinský
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Pressure Cooking ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various cooking methods on nutritional qua­li­ty by evaluating in vitro digestibility of some selected legumes (two cultivars Pisum sativum and Glycine max). Samples were soaked in 0.2% NaHCO3 for 6 hours and then cooked by normal (20, 25, 30 and 35 min) pressure (8, 10, 12 and 14 min) and microwave (8, 10, 12 and 14 min) cooking. In vitro protein and dry matter digestibility were investigated. Pressure cooking and microwave cooking are recommended after soaking with the cooking time between 8–14 mins for P. sativum (Xantos and Svit) and G. max. Based on in vitro protein digestibility of all the cooking treatments, pressure cooking is the most effective.

scholarly journals Digestibility and digestive enzyme activity in Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch, 1795) fed periphyton grown on sugarcane bagasse

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
B. Gangadhar ◽  
N. Sridhar ◽  
H. Umalatha ◽  
H. Ganesh ◽  
A.R.T. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Carboxypeptidase B ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Pelleted Feed

An experiment of 60 days duration was carried out to compare dry matter and protein digestibility of periphyton grown on sugarcane bagasse bundles and a pelleted feed in Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch, 1795). Advanced fingerlings maintained in glass aquaria were allowed to feed on fresh periphyton or pelleted feed (20% crude protein) daily morning, the fecal matter collected following standard procedure and analysed for proximate composition. Acid insoluble ash was used as the reference marker for digestibility estimation. Activity of total protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase - A and B, amylase, lipase and cellulase in the gut of fish was estimated at the end of the feeding trial. Periphyton and pelleted feed showed similar (p>0.05) protein digestibility (92.29 and 89.21% respectively), while total dry matter digestibility was higher (p<0.05) with peiphyton (85.44 and 75.16% respectively). Among the proteases estimated, activity of total protease and carboxypeptidase B was higher (p<0.05) in fish fed periphyton, whereas activity of others showed no difference between those receiving periphyton and pelleted feed (p>0.05). Activity of carbohydrases and lipase was higher in fish fed pelleted feed. Results of the study cleary indicated that L. fimbriatus can efficiently utilise periphyton.

scholarly journals Insect Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) as a Sustainable Protein Source of Canine Food and Its Impacts on Nutrient Digestibility and Fecal Quality

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2525
Author(s):  
Amr Abd El-Wahab ◽  
Laura Meyer ◽  
Mareike Kölln ◽  
Bussarakam Chuppava ◽  
Volker Wilke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae

Insect larvae meal has been proposed as a sustainable protein source for animal diets. This study aimed to provide information on including black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFL; Hermetia illucens) in comparison to poultry meal (PM) in the canine diet with regard to digestibility and fecal characteristics. In light of this trend, the levels of PM or BSFL meal were added to replace about 30% of dry matter of the basic extruded diet. Six Beagle dogs (BW 9.64 kg) were included in a cross-over experiment. Dogs fed a BSFL meal-based diet showed higher (p < 0.05) apparent protein digestibility (82.3%) compared to those offered a PM-based diet (80.5%). Apparent digestibility for fat was higher (p < 0.05) in groups fed the BSFL meal-based diet (94.5%) compared to those offered the PM-based diet (91.6%). The fecal consistency scores for dogs fed both diets were within an acceptable range (well-formed and firm). Fecal dry matter content was higher (p < 0.05) for dogs fed the PM-based diet (33.0%) compared to those offered the BSFL meal-based diet (28.0%). Including BSFL meal in dog food can be an appropriate source of protein without any negative effects on nutrient digestibility and fecal quality.

Relations between fibre and water soluble carbohydrate contents of pasture species and their digestibility and voluntary intake by sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (61) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Michell
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate

Neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) levels were determined on 80 samples of known apparent dry matter digestibility (DMD) and voluntary intake of dry matter (DMI). The pastures consisted of regrowths of six species: Trifolium repens (white clover cv. Grasslands Huia), Lolium perenne x L. multiflorum (short rotation ryegrass c.v Grasslands Manawa), Lolium perenne (long rotation ryegrass cv. Grasslands Ariki), Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass cv. Tasmania No. I), Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot cv. Currie) and Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot cv. Grasslands Apanui), cut eight times between May 1969 and August 1970. Overall, white clover had a lower NDF and a lower WSC content than the ryegrasses but both groups had similar ADF contents. Cocksfoots had higher NDF and ADF, and lower WSC contents than the ryegrasses. NDF and ADF could be used to predict the DMD of all species in all seasons with residual standard deviations (RSD) of 3.0 and 3.2 DMD units (per cent) respectively. No significant relations (P < 0.05) were present between DMD and WSC content. Seasonal differences were present in the relations between DMI and chemical composition. The RSD of the overall regressions of intake with NDF, ADF, and WSC contents were 9.3, 9.4, and 8.9 DMI units (g/day/kg0.75) respectively. Within seasons, DMI was best predicted by regressions with detergent fibre content and here the RSD had a range of 3.4 to 5.2 DMI units. Within species over all seasons, DMI was predicted best by regressions with WSC content and the RSD had a range of 5.7 to 7.9 DMI units. The usefulness of the chemical composition measurements in explaining the reason for the low intakes, previously found with winter pasture, is discussed.

Gross energy levels in regrowths of six pasture species, and relations with digestibility and chemical composition

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (66) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Michell
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy

Gross energy levels and energy digestibilities were determined on 80 single species pasture samples of known dry matter digestibility. Crude protein, ash and ether extract levels were also determined. The pastures consisted of regrowths of six species, Trifolium repens (White clover cv. Grasslands Huia), Lolium perenne x multiflorum (manawa ryegrass cv. Grasslands Manawa), Lolium (multiflorum x perenne) x L. perenne (ariki ryegrass cv. Grasslands Ari ki), Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass cv. Tasmanian No. 1), Dactylis glomerata (currie cocksfoot cv. Currie) and Dactylis glomerata (apanui cocksfoot cv. Grasslands Apanui), harvested eight times between May 1969 and August 1970. The gross energy levels in pasture dry matter and pasture digestible organic matter were highest with white clover (means 4.64 and 4.98 K cal g-1) and lowest with the ryegrasses (4.50 and 4.80 K cal g-1). They were also higher in the winter (4.60 and 4.91), autumn (4.53 and 4.90) and spring (4.56 and 4.86), and lower in the summer (4.49 and 4.77). Relations between gross energy levels and chemical composition were weak. The strongest relation was with crude protein content (r = +0.41, P < 0.01). Relations of energy digestibility and digestible energy level in pasture dry matter, with dry matter digestibility had high correlations (r = +0.97, P < 0.01, and r = +0.92, P < 0.01) and were similar to previously published relations. However, seasonal differences occurred in both relations and, at low dry matter digestibilities, winter pasture had higher energy digestibilities and higher levels of digestible energy than spring-summer pasture. Species differences occurred in the latter relation and, at high dry matter digestibilities, white clover had higher levels of digestible energy than the grasses.

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