Development of a method to determine carotenoid composition of fresh forages

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cardinault ◽  
B. Lyan ◽  
M. Doreau ◽  
B. Chauveau ◽  
E. Rock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Gradient System ◽  
Mountain Meadow ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Carotenoid Composition ◽  
Ruminant Diets ◽  
In Series ◽  
First Time ◽  
Β Carotene

Due to the limited interest in carotenoids in ruminant diets until recently, analyses of forages are often incomplete, focusing mainly on β-carotene and lutein. Carotenoid composition of green forage from middle mountain meadow was analyzed by HPLC after extraction and elimination of chlorophylls by mild saponification. This method of analysis uses two C18 columns in series with a quaternary gradient system. Our method allowed, for the first time, the identification and quantification of several xanthophylls other than lutein (i.e., violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, epilutein) in chlorophyll-free extracts from carotenoid-rich forage. The intra-day (3.5–7.5 %) and inter-day (1.2–3.5 %) coefficients of variation are suitable for routine determination of carotenoids in green forage. This method could also be used in metabolic studies of these micronutrients in ruminants. Key words: Xanthophylls, carotenoids, fresh forage, HPLC

scholarly journals Directly ageing the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus with validated band counts from gastric mill ossicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaya Gnanalingam ◽  
Mark J Butler ◽  
Thomas R Matthews ◽  
Emily Hutchinson ◽  
Raouf Kilada
Keyword(s):  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Panulirus Argus ◽  
Gastric Mill ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Reader Experience

Abstract In crustaceans, ecdysis was long believed to result in the loss and replacement of all calcified structures, precluding the use of conventional ageing methods. However, the discovery of bands in the gastric ossicles of several crustaceans with some correlation with age suggests that direct age estimation may be possible. We applied this method to a tropical spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, one of the most iconic and economically valuable species in the Caribbean. The presence of growth bands was investigated using wild lobsters of unknown age and was validated with captive reared lobsters of known age (1.5–10 years) from the Florida Keys, Florida (USA). Bands were consistently identified in ptero- and zygo-cardiac ossicles of the gastric mill and did not appear to be associated with moulting. Validation with known age animals confirms that bands form annually. Counts between independent readers were reproducible with coefficients of variation ranging from 11% to 26% depending on reader experience and the structure used. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that direct age determination of P. argus is possible.

scholarly journals Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Carotenoids and Vitamins A and E in Multivitamin Tablets

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jidong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Retinyl Acetate ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Acid Succinate ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract Carotenoids and vitamins A and E in multivitamin tablets can be determined simultaneously by reversed-phased liquid chromatography (LC) with a programmable UV detector. Samples were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and thenextracted with hexane. A portion was injected onto a SymmetryC18,150 × 4.6 mm id, 5 μm column and chroma tographed with a mobile phaseof acetonitrile–0.25% ammonium acetate in methanol and 0.05% triethylamine in dichloromethane. A step gradient was used. The system was operated at 25°C with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. UV detection was at 325 nm for retinols, 285 nm for tocopherols, and 450 nm for carotenoids. Detection limits were less than 0.3 ng for retinol and retinyl acetate; 2 ng for α-tocopherol acid succinate; 10 ng for α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and α-tocopherol acetate; and 0.4 ng for α-carotene and β-carotene. Intraday and interday coefficients of variation ranged from 1.40 to 5.20%. The sample preparation method and LC assay are practical for quality control and routine analysis of multivitamin tablets.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Composition of Cionosicyos macranthus Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1986264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Murillo ◽  
Moises Watts ◽  
Gabriel Reyna ◽  
Daniele Giuffrida ◽  
Armando A. Durant-Archibold
Keyword(s):  
Provitamin A ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Provitamin A Carotenoids ◽  
Complete Determination ◽  
Carotenoid Composition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Edible Parts

A complete determination of the carotenoid composition of the edible aril and mesocarp of Cionosicyos macranthus fruit is reported for the first time. The carotenoids present in the fruit were identified and quantified using high-purity carotenoid standards. The fruit contained several rare carotenoids like zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and cryptocapsin epoxides. Various keto-κ end-ring carotenoids, derivatives of their corresponding epoxides, ie cryptocapsin, capsanthin, capsanthin 5,6-epoxide, and capsoneoxanthin, were also identified. The total carotenoid contents for the aril and mesocarp were 226.0 μg/g and 83.4 µg/g, respectively. β-Cryptoxanthin was the most abundant carotenoid in both edible parts (58.3 μg/g in the aril and 29.5 μg/g in the mesocarp). Cryptocapsin was the primary keto-κ end-ring carotenoid both in the aril (41.6 μg/g) and in the mesocarp (13.2 μg/g). The fruit provitamin A activity was also determined. Considering the high β-cryptoxanthin and cryptocapsin contents, C. macranthus can be considered a good source of provitamin A carotenoids.

β-Carotene stimulates chemotaxis of human endothelial progenitor cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Kieć-Wilk ◽  
Anna Polus ◽  
Joanna Grzybowska ◽  
Magdalena Mikołajczyk ◽  
Jadwiga Hartwich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractAngiogenesis is a crucial process in tissue remodeling during growth, both in the embryo and the adult. In our study we concentrated on the direct effect of β-carotene on human umbilical cord originating from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). β-Carotene uptake by EPCs was measured using a HPLC method. The determination of cell surface antigens was performed by flow cytometry. The effect on cell proliferation was estimated by measuring bromo-deoxyuridine incorporation. The influence on the formation of a tubular-like structure was investigated in a 3D assay in matrigel. Quantitative gene expression was estimated using real-time PCR. We demonstrated that β-carotene in the physiological range of concentrations found in human blood is a potent activator of EPC chemotaxis, which is accompanied by a change in the expression of genes mediating cell adhesion and homing, but does not activate the final markers of endothelial differentiation. This study points to the prochemotactic and homing activity of β-carotene in undifferentiated endothelial cell progenitors for the first time, which may suggest a potential role of this carotenoid in progenitor cell therapy aimed at angiogenesis and tissue repair.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of pumpkin carotenoid composition ‘Konfetka’ variety, prospects of utilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
N. A. Golubkina ◽  
G. A. Khimich ◽  
M. S. Antoshkina ◽  
U. D. Plotnikova ◽  
S. M. Nadezhkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Carotenoid Composition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Β Carotene

Relevance. Pumpkin is one of the most important source of carotenoids for humans: β- and α-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin playing a fundamental role in providing twilight and color vision accordingly.Results. Investigation of pumpkin carotenoid composition, Konfetka variety, revealed for the first time that this cultivar is the only one containing exclusively lutein in pulp with lutein and zeaxanthin in peel and lutein, zeaxanthin and β-carotene in placenta. Lutein concentration in pulp reached 11 mg/100 g, peel – 41.3/100 g, placenta – 51.2 mg/100 g. Zeaxanthin was absent in pulp and reached 28.3 mg/100 g in peel, and 10 mg/100 g in placenta. β-Carotene was detected only in placenta where its concentration was as much as 94.7 mg/100 g. The results indicate great prospects of ‘Konfetka’ components utilization (pulp, peel, placenta) in food industry, production of baby food and biologically active food additives, containing lutein and zeaxanthin.

scholarly journals Effect of Fe3O4 and TiO2 Nanoparticles on Catalase Activity and β-Carotene Content at Pigmented Yeast Strain Rhodotorula gracilis

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Agafia Usatîi ◽  
Alina Beșliu ◽  
Nadejda Efremova
Keyword(s):  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Yeast Strain ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rhodotorula Gracilis ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
First Time ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Catalase ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractThe properties of nanoparticles have been used in a wide range of potential applications in food industry, medicine, microbial biotechnology, cosmetics, environmental production. Research results of evaluation of the effect of Fe3O4and TiO2nanoparticles applicated in large concentration limits on some parameters of pigmented yeast strainRhodotorula gracilisCNMN-Y-30 are presented in this paper. It was established that nanoparticles selected for study caused toxic effects on β-caroten accumulation and activity of antioxidant enzyme catalase depending on concentration and nanostructure. The strong correlation between concentration of nanoparticles and evaluated components has been revealed at studied yeast strain. Coefficients of correlation varied in limits R2= 0.623... 0.951. For the first time, the determination of β-carotene accumulation and catalase activity rate as functional tests for estimation of toxicity of nanoparticles for pigmented yeast strainRhodotorula graciliswas effectuated. Thus, it was established that adaptive response of yeast strain to the presence of Fe3O4and TiO2nanoparticles has been manifested by modification of the processes of β-carotene biosythesis and catalase activity.

Studies in the lichen genus Ochrolechia. 2. Corticolous species of North America

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwin M. Brodo
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The North ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Crustose Lichens ◽  
First Time

Ochrolechia, a widespread genus of crustose lichens, includes 19 species growing on bark in North America. These corticolous species and several non-North American taxa are treated in this paper. Six species and one variety are described as new: O. antillarum, O. gowardii, O. montana, O. juvenalis, O. pseudopallescens, O. subisidiata, and O. trochophora var. pruinirosella. Two species are reduced to synonymy (O. californica Vers, and O. sorediosa Howard); six species are excluded from the North American flora (O. alboflavescens (Wulf.) Zahlbr., O. apiculata Vers., O. pallescens (L.) Massal., O. parella (L.) Massal., O. rhamni-purshianae Senft, O. subviridis (Höeg) Erichsen, and O. turneri (Sm.) Hasselrot). Several synonymies mentioned in the literature are confirmed (O. trochophora (Vainio) Oshio including O. rosella (Tuck.) Vers. and O. orientalis Vainio; O. androgyna (Hoffm.) Arn. including O. pergranulosa (Räs.) Vers, and O. mahluensis Räs.; and O. yasudae Vainio including O. tuckermanii Vers, and O. pennsylvanica Vers.). A key for the determination of all the species treated is presented together with distribution maps and a summary of the chemistry of the group. 5-O-Methylhiascic and 4,5-di-O-methylhiascic acids are reported from Ochrolechia for the first time. Key words: Ochrolechia, Ascomycotina, Pertusariaceae.

DAMMARANE TRITERPENE, FLAVONE GLYCOSIDES FROM THE STEMS AND LEAVES OF CHISOCHETON PANICULATUS HIERN (MELIACEAE)

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Thi Hoai Nguyen ◽  
Thi Xuan Hoa Nguyen ◽  
Tuan Anh Le ◽  
Thi Thao Do ◽  
Quoc Hung Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Structural Determination ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Flavone Glycosides ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
First Time

Background: Chisocheton Blume is the second largest genus in the Meliaceae family. In Viet Nam, this genus consists of three species including C. ceramicus, C. paniculatus and C. patens. As part of the continuing studies of C. paniculatus, we report herein the isolation and structural determination of one triterpenoid and two flavonoids from the stems and leaves of this species. Materials and method: The stems and leaves of C. paniculatus were collected from Vinh Linh district, Quang Tri province in August 2017. Compounds were islated by using various chromatographic methods. Their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopic method. Results and Conclusion: Dammara-20,24-dien-3b-ol (1), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2) and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated and determined from the stems and leaves of C. paniculatus. Among these, compound 1 was isolated from the Chisocheton genus for the first time. Key words: Meliaceae, Chisocheton paniculatus, dammara-20,24-dien-3b-ol, quercetin-3-O-α-Lrhamnopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside

Vitamin A Value of Plant Food Provitamin A - Evaluated by the Stable Isotope Technologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangwen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
A Value ◽  
Provitamin A Carotenoids ◽  
Β Carotene

Humans need vitamin A and obtain essential vitamin A by conversion of plant foods rich in provitamin A and/or absorption of preformed vitamin A from foods of animal origin. The determination of the vitamin A value of plant foods rich in provitamin A is important but has challenges. The aim of this paper is to review the progress over last 80 years following the discovery on the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A and the various techniques including stable isotope technologies that have been developed to determine vitamin A values of plant provitamin A (mainly β-carotene). These include applications from using radioactive β-carotene and vitamin A, depletion-repletion with vitamin A and β-carotene, and measuring postprandial chylomicron fractions after feeding a β-carotene rich diet, to using stable isotopes as tracers to follow the absorption and conversion of plant food provitamin A carotenoids (mainly β-carotene) in humans. These approaches have greatly promoted our understanding of the absorption and conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A. Stable isotope labeled plant foods are useful for determining the overall bioavailability of provitamin A carotenoids from specific foods. Locally obtained plant foods can provide vitamin A and prevent deficiency of vitamin A, a remaining worldwide concern.

DETERMINATION OF AFTER-RIPENING PERIOD AND HORMONAL RESPONSE OF OROBANCHE SOLMSII C.D. CLARKE SEEDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bista ◽  
G. B. Khattri ◽  
B. D. Acharya ◽  
S. C. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Root Parasite ◽  
One Year

To find out the ability of Orobanche seeds to germinate immediately after seed set, seeds were germinated periodically at an interval of three months for one year in GR24. Some Orobanche seeds were capable of germination immediately after seed set but most required about nine months as after ripening or incubation period to be able to germinate. The phenomenon of after ripening in Orobanche seeds could be taken as an ecological measure to dormant over following unfavorable wet summer season. The growth hormone studies on Orobanche seed germination have shown that GA3 at a concentration of 100 ppm substantially enhanced seed germination when applied during pre-conditioning period. NAA showed some stimulatory effect at 0.5 - 1.0 ppm when applied during post-conditioning period but the hormone if applied during pre-conditioning period inhibited the germination. Kinetin failed to stimulate the germination at all the concentrations tested. Key words: Germination, root-parasite, hormone. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

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