Pre- and post-mating dietary supplements of folic acid and uterine secretory activity in gilts

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Duquette ◽  
J. J. Matte ◽  
C. FarMer ◽  
C. L. Girard ◽  
J. -P. Laforest
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Key Words Folic Acid ◽  
Uterine Secretions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sow Reproduction ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

The present study was carried out to determine the effects of pre- and (or) post-mating dietary supplements of folic acid on uterine secretions and secretory activity on day 12 of gestation. Crossbred gilts were assigned randomly to three treatments: SS) a dietary supplement of 15 mg of folic acid kg−1 of diet from the estrus before mating (approximately day –21) until day 12 of gestation (n = 9), 0S) the same folic acid supplement from mating (day 0) to day 12 of gestation (n = 10), and 00) no supplement of folic acid (n = 10). At slaughter (day 12 of gestation), one uterine horn was flushed with 20 mL of PBS to collect embryos and uterine flushings, while samples of uterine tissue were collected from the other horn. Supplementary folic acid (0S and SS) increased total folates in uterine flushings (P ≤ 0.05) as well as concentrations of folates in the endometrium (P ≤ 0.0004) and in the whole uterine tissue (endometrium + myometrium: P ≤ 0.0001). Total amounts of prostaglandin (PG)E2 and PGF2α in uterine flushings were not affected (P ≥ 0.8) by any treatment but estradiol-17β was numerically 40% lower (P ≥ 0.12) in uterine flushings of 0S and SS sows. Samples of endometrium (15–17 mg) were cultured for 2 to 7 h. Concentrations of PGE2 and PGF2α in the culture medium increased with the duration of incubation (P ≤ 0.0001) but there was no treatment effect (P ≥ 0.4). The inconsistency between the folic acid response seen in the present study and in previous results using multiparous sows suggests that the impact of this vitamin on sow reproduction might be linked to the parity (and/or prolificacy) of the animal. Key words: Folic acid, uterine tissue, secretion, prostaglandins, gilts

Folic acid and vitamin B12 in reproducing sows: New concepts

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Matte ◽  
F. Guay ◽  
C. L. Girard
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Key Words Folic Acid ◽  
B Complex Vitamins ◽  
Uterine Secretions

In pig nutrition, the present gaps in the information on B-complex vitamins have important implications for empiricism and disparities in dietary recommendations. This is particularly true for folic acid (B9) and vitamin B12. Recent studies suggest that the beneficial effects of B9 on sow prolificacy may be due to enhanced embryo development and survival. Embryo synthesis of estrogens and uterine secretions of prostanoids and cytokines during attachment appear to be key factors in vitamin B9 regulation of embryo development. Nevertheless, embryo and uterine responses to B9 are often more pronounced in multiparous sows than in gilts. This parity effect on B9 responses can be attributed to the metabolic interaction with another vitamin, specifically B12. The two vitamins are essential for modulating the transfer of one-carbon groups for protein and DNA synthesis, methylation and gene expression. The metabolic pathway involved is the remethylation of methionine from an intermediary metabolite, homocysteine. A deficiency in B9 or B12 mayinduce a local or systemic accumulation of homocysteine, a powerful pro-oxidant known to impair embryo development. It appears that B12 status, which is about two times lower in gilts than in multiparous sows, could be a limiting factor for the action of vitamin B9 on uterus and embryo metabolism during the first pregnancy. Vitamin B12 status is particularly critical since, in early gestation, the sow uterus drains off a massive amount of B12, representing two to three times the B12 plasma pool. Dietary B12, at levels 10 times higher than recommended, have been found to maximize B12 status and minimize homocysteine accumulation in first parity sows. It appears that an optimum B9:B12 ratio, which has yet to be estimated, would enable vitamin B9 to have full beneficial effects on sow prolificacy. In the future, it is likely that there will be an even greater need for updated information on the requirements for B-complex vitamins given the “dietary fine tuning” that is necessary for the highly producing pigs that have been selected in recent decades. Key words: Folic acid, vitamin B12, reproduction, pig

scholarly journals Reproductive performance and uterine prostaglandin secretion in gilts conditioned with dead semen and receiving dietary supplements of folic acid

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Giguère ◽  
C. L. Girard ◽  
R. Lambert ◽  
J. P. Laforest ◽  
J. J. Matte
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Folate Supplementation ◽  
Folate Status ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Key Words Folic Acid ◽  
Folic Acid Supplements

The effects of dietary supplements of folic acid at 0 (F−) or 15 ppm (F+) and of conditioning the uterus (C+) or not (C−) with an intrauterine infusion of dead semen on embryonic survival and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations in the allantoic fluid on day 30 of gestation were studied. Sixty-four F1 crossbred gilts (Yorkshire × Landrace) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The initiation of folate supplementation and the intrauterine infusion of dead semen were done at the estrus preceding the fertile mating. Folate status in serum was lower in F+ gilts than in F− gilts during the estrus cycle (folic acid × period interaction, P ≤ 0.007). Conditioning increased ovulation rate in F− gilts while it tended to decrease it in F+ gilts (interaction folic acid × conditioning, P ≤ 0.03). A similar interaction (P ≤ 0.02) was observed on the number of presumably live embryos at 30 d of gestation. Mean PGE2 concentration in the allantoic fluid was not affected by treatments (P ≥ 0.44), but the frequency of sows having elevated allantoic PGE2 (> 4 ng mL−1) tended to be higher (P ≤ 0.06) in F+ sows. Overall values of PGE2 were correlated with total litter weight (R2 = 0.54). In conclusion, there was no synergism between folic acid supplements and conditioning of the uterus with dead semen on the reproductive performance or on the secretion of allantoic PGE2 at 30 d of gestation. The secretion of allantoic PGE2 appears as an important factor involved in the control of litter size and weight. Key words: Folic acid, artificial insemination, semen, gilts, conditioning, embryo mortality

Dietary folic acid, uterine function and early embryonic development in sows

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Matte ◽  
C. Farmer ◽  
C. L. Girard ◽  
J.-P. Laforest
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Early Gestation ◽  
Key Words Folic Acid ◽  
Uterine Environment ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

The present study was designed to determine the role of folic acid on uterine environment and embryonic development during early gestation in the pig. Thirty-two, third parity, crossbred sows received a diet supplemented with 0 or 15 mg kg−1 of folic acid. The treatments started 2 wk before expected estrus and lasted until slaughter on either day 12 or 15 after mating. One uterine horn was used to collect conceptuses and uterine "flushings" for hormonal and metabolite determinations; conceptuses from the other horn were enzymatically dispersed and placed in cell culture with and without dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). The decrease in serum folates was attenuated (P ≤ 0.06) and the total and saturated folate binding capacities in early gestation were increased (P < 0.01) in sows receiving additional dietary folic acid. The volume of uterine flushings recovered was greater (P ≤ 0.02) on day 15 than on day 12, as was its content of protein (P ≤ 0.06). In sows receiving the dietary supplement of folic acid, total uterine prostaglandin (PG)E2 was three times higher on day 12 and two times higher on day 15 (P < 0.04) than for sows fed the experimental diet without supplement; although numerically substantial (60% higher), the effect was not significant for PGF2α (P ≥ 0.16). Conceptus homogenates contained more folic acid (P ≤ 0.02) and DNA (P ≤ 0.0001) on day 15 than on day 12. Their total protein content, in sows slaughtered on day 12 of gestation, tended (P ≤ 0.07) to be higher in supplemented than in unsupplemented animals. The synthesis of estradiol-17β by the conceptus cells, used as an index of embryonic maturity, tended (P ≤ 0.07) to be lower for treated than untreated sows, especially in conceptus cell culture without DHEA. Therefore, the improvement in embryonic survival attributed to dietary supplements of folic acid might be linked to changes on the secretion of uterine prostaglandins and possibly on embryonic development. Key words: Folic acid, uterus, embryo, sow

A technique for superfusion of isolated granulosa cells. Dynamics of cAMP production and steroidogenesis in response to gonadotropins

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Johanson ◽  
Viktor Johanson
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Camp Production ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Ovarian Cells ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Polycarbonate Membranes ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract. A superfusion model for isolated ovarian cells was developed and characterized in detail. Granulosa cells isolated from pre-ovulatory rat ovarian follicles were placed in superfusion (perifusion) chambers with a volume of 125 μl. Culture medium was pumped through the chambers, collected in 20-min fractions of 600 μl and analysed for cAMP and steroids. Viability was confirmed by morphological examination. The use of polycarbonate membranes to retain the cells in the chambers was abandoned since the membranes caused severe cell damage. The temporal relationships between gonadotropic stimuli and the release of cyclic 3':5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and steroids was investigated. Within 10 min FSH elicited transient increase in the release of cAMP and progesterone but had no effect on testosterone or estradiol-17β release. Amplitude and duration of the response in cAMP and progesterone release were correlated to concentration and length of the FSH pulse when these parameters were varied within the ranges 1–100 μg/l and 30–270 min, respectively. Compared with the cAMP response, the progesterone response peaked up to 30 min later and lasted 1 to 2 h longer but could not be extended to more than approximately 6 h, not even with longer FSH pulses. These results could indicate a development of desensitization.

Innovative approaches to the correction of chronotrope status of pregnant and lactating women

2016 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
S.I. Zhuk ◽  
◽  
K.K. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Bioavailability ◽  
Key Words Mthfr

Most recent studies show the impact of violations in the metabolism of folate and metin period in the pathogenesis of neural tube defects (NTD) of the fetus. Metafolin has a number of advantages, which primarily includes direct intake of substances in biologically active form and the optimum effect, even in the case when the patient homozygote and/or heterozygote genotype 677С T polymorphism in MTHFR. With the aim of prevention and treatment of various pathological conditions related to folate deficiency during pregnancy, it is advisable to apply vitamin-mineral complexes, containing metafolin - active form of folate with high bioavailability. Key words: MTHFR, metafolin, folic acid, pregnancy.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Profiling of Porcine Blastocysts Produced In Vitro in a Chemically Defined Culture Medium

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Josep M. Cambra ◽  
Emilio A. Martinez ◽  
Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez ◽  
Maria A. Gil ◽  
Cristina Cuello
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Defined Culture ◽  
The Impact

The development of chemically defined media is a growing trend in in vitro embryo production (IVP). Recently, traditional undefined culture medium with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been successfully replaced by a chemically defined medium using substances with embryotrophic properties such as platelet factor 4 (PF4). Although the use of this medium sustains IVP, the impact of defined media on the embryonic transcriptome has not been fully elucidated. This study analyzed the transcriptome of porcine IVP blastocysts, cultured in defined (PF4 group) and undefined media (BSA group) by microarrays. In vivo-derived blastocysts (IVV group) were used as a standard of maximum embryo quality. The results showed no differentially expressed genes (DEG) between the PF4 and BSA groups. However, a total of 2780 and 2577 DEGs were detected when comparing the PF4 or the BSA group with the IVV group, respectively. Most of these genes were common in both in vitro groups (2132) and present in some enriched pathways, such as cell cycle, lysosome and/or metabolic pathways. These results show that IVP conditions strongly affect embryo transcriptome and that the defined culture medium with PF4 is a guaranteed replacement for traditional culture with BSA.

scholarly journals Intermittent Iron Folate Supplementation: Impact on Hematinic Status and Growth of School Girls

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Sen ◽  
Shubhada Kanani
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Weekly Dose ◽  
Folate Supplementation ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
School Girls ◽  
Iron Folic Acid ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

In view of high iron needs for adolescent growth, this paper studied the impact of daily vs. intermittent (once and twice weekly) iron folic acid (IFA) supplementation on hemoglobin levels and pubertal growth among primary school girls in early adolescence (9–13 years) of Vadodara, India. Methods. Hemoglobin (Hb), height and weight of the girls were assessed using standard methods. In three experimental schools (ES) IFA tablets in a dose of 100 mg Fe+0.5 mg folic acid was given either daily, once weekly or twice weekly for one year. The fourth school (control: CS) did not receive any intervention. Results. Hb levels significantly improved (P<0.01) in all ES compared to CS. Body Mass Index (BMI) increment in ES vs CS was significant (P<0.05) in twice weekly IFA and daily IFA. Within ES groups, mean Hb and BMI increments were comparable between twice weekly IFA and daily IFA. Anemic ES girls showed higher Hb and BMI increments vs. non-anemic girls. Better the Hb response, greater was the benefit on BMI. Conclusion: Twice-weekly IFA supplementation was comparable to daily IFA as regards impact on Hb and growth; at less cost and greater feasibility. Once-weekly dose was inadequate to significantly improve growth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Usefulness of the Designed Laboratory Photobioreactor for Microalgae Cultivation in Controlled Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Beata Brzychczyk ◽  
Zbigniew Kowalczyk ◽  
Jan Giełżecki
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Freshwater Microalgae ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Medium Concentration ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe objective of the paper was to analyse the use of the designed photobioreactor for freshwater microalgae cultivation in the controlled laboratory conditions. The work covered the design and construction of photobioreactors (PBR) and setting up comparative cultivations of freshwater microalgae chlorelli vulgaris along with determination of the biomass growth intensity for a varied amount of supplied culture medium. It was found out that the constructed PBR may be used for microalgae cultivation in the controlled conditions. The impact of the culture medium amount on the growth of chlorelli vulgaris was proved. As a result of the increase of culture medium concentration to 30.1-120.4 ml·l−1 of water, dry mass in photobioreactorsincreased respectively from 1.33 g·dm−3 to 4.68 g·dm−3.

Hypertension Secondary to Ingestion of Licorice Root Tea

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 266-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Joseph Eid ◽  
Amanda A Morris ◽  
Sachin A Shah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Potassium Concentration ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To report a case of hypertension secondary to ingestion of licorice root tea. Case Summary: A 46-year-old African American female with newly diagnosed stage 1 hypertension presented with a blood pressure measurement of 144/81 mm Hg and a reduced plasma potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. The patient attempted lifestyle modifications prior to initiating an antihypertensive agent, but at a follow-up appointment, her blood pressure remained elevated. A current laboratory panel revealed a depressed morning plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) of 5 ng/dL and low morning plasma renin activity (PRA) of 0.13 ng/mL/h. Later it was revealed that the patient regularly (1–2 cups/day) consumed “Yogi Calming” tea, a blend of herbs, including licorice root. The patient was advised to discontinue consumption of the herbal tea, and at a subsequent appointment, her blood pressure was 128/73 mm Hg and her laboratory panel had improved, including serum potassium concentration of 4.1 mEq/L, PAC of 6 ng/dL, and PRA of 0.19 ng/mL/h. Discussion: Excessive consumption of licorice has been well documented to cause pseudohyperaldosteronism, characterized by hypertension, hypokalemia, and suppressed plasma renin and aldosterone levels. Glycyrrhizin, the active ingredient in licorice, inhibits 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, an oxidase responsible for the conversion and inactivation of cortisol to cortisone. Chronic ingestion of licorice-containing foods has been demonstrated to cause pseudohyperaldosteronism. These include soft candies, lozenges, and dietary supplements, but licorice-containing teas have been infrequently described. Based on the Naranjo probability score, our patient's hypertension appears to have been a probable licorice-induced reaction secondary to a licorice-containing tea. Conclusions: Herbal and dietary supplements are frequently consumed by patients without full knowledge of the contents of the products or the impact on their health. In clinical practice, when hypertension is accompanied by hypokalemia and reduced PRA and PAC, licorice consumption should be investigated and causal hypertension ruled out.

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