scholarly journals Kloning as selektiewe voortplanting: ’n Voorlopige teologies-etiese beoordeling

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Rheeder ◽  
P.J. De Bruyn ◽  
J.H. Van Wyk ◽  
N.T. Malan
Keyword(s):  
Human Embryo ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reproductive Choice ◽  
Ethical Assessment ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Christian Couples ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Final Answer

Cloning as selective reproduction: A preliminary theological-ethical assessment Although a significant degree of doubt about cloning initially existed, it is a well-known fact that cloning has successfully been applied in mammals. It is, therefore, not strange that some couples are indeed interested in this procreation option – especially since a human embryo has already been created in this way. This article thus attempts to evaluate cloning as a reproductive choice for Christian couples in the light of the view of marriage and reproduction expressed in the Bible. However, from a theological-ethical point of view, the answer given in this article should be seen as merely provisional as cloning is an extremely recent phenomenon. As such, academics should be careful not to be too hasty in giving a final answer to this very complex problem.

scholarly journals Beroep op die skrif in die vorm van etiese standpunte, Deel 2: ’n Etiese verstaan van die vrou in die Bybel

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan L. Rheeder
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Theological Interpretation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Women In The Bible ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
The Church

In ’n vorige artikel is beredeneer dat die grammaties-historiese metode van Skrifuitleg as kreatuurlike geskrif nie meer voldoende is vir alleengebruik in Skrifvertolking nie en dat dit met ander uitgangspunte aangevul moet word. In aansluiting by twee hermeneutiese uitgangspunte wat in ’n vorige artikel behandel is (Rheeder), word in hierdie artikel ’n verdere drie hermeneutiese vertrekpunte bespreek, naamlik teenkultuur, nie-wetenskaplike skopus en moreel-etiese vertolking. Die teenkulturele vertrekpunt gaan uit van die oortuiging dat outentieke getuienis in die Skrif gevind word in dit wat verskil (afwyk) van die omliggende antieke kultuur, terwyl die nie-wetenskaplike skopus vertrekpunt uit gaan van die standpunt dat wetenskaplike (of empiriese) kennis in die Bybel buite die skopus of bedoeling van die Skrif staan. Die moreel-teologiese vertolking as vertrekpunt van die standpunt uitgaan dat ’n moreel-teologiese beoordeling van liefde die keuse tussen twee konflikterende, maar beide aanvaarbare, interpretasies moet begelei. Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat ’n etiese verstaan van die posisie van die vrou beteken dat die vrou as gelykwaardig aan die man beskou en so behandel moet word, wat beteken dat die vrou, net soos die man, tot enige amp in die kerk toegelaat mag word.Appeal to Scriptures in the formation of an ethical point of view: An ethical understanding of women in the Bible. In a previous article it was argued that the grammatical-historical method  of  Bible  exposition  was  no  longer  sufficient  as  sole  method  and  should  be supplemented with other hermeneutical points of departure. Following the discussion of two hermeneutical points in a previous article (Rheeder), this article will discuss three other hermeneutical points of departure, namely counterculture, non-scientific scope and moral-ethical interpretation. The counter-cultural point of departure is based on the belief that authentic witness in Scripture is found in that which is different (that which deviates) from the surrounding ancient culture, while a non-scientific scope starts from the view that scientific (or empirical) knowledge in the Bible is outside the scope or intent of Scripture. The point of departure of the moral-theological interpretation is the view that a moral-theological evaluation of love should inform the choice between two conflicting but mutually acceptable interpretations. It is concluded that an ethical understanding of women in the Bible means that women should be regarded and treated as equal to men, which leads to the further conclusion that all offices in the church should be open to women.

The ethics of pandemic preparedness revisited - autonomy, quarantine, transferability and trust

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Schröder-Bäck ◽  
T Schloemer ◽  
K Martakis ◽  
C Brall
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Outbreak Management ◽  
Ethics Framework ◽  
Ethical Point

Abstract Background The outbreak of SARS in 2002 lead to a public health ethics discourse. The crisis management of that time was ethically analysed and lessons to be learned discussed. Scholarship and WHO, among others, developed an ethics of pandemic preparedness. The current “corona crisis” also faces us with ethical challenges. This presentation is comparing the two crises from an ethical point of view and a focus on Europe. Methods An ethics framework for pandemic preparedness (Schröder et al. 2006 and Schröder-Bäck 2014) is used to make a synopsis of ethical issues. Ethical aspects of 2002 and 2020 that were discussed in the literature and in the media are compared. For 2020, the focus is on interventions in Italy, Germany, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. Results Topics that emerged from the 2002 crisis were, among others, revolving around aspects of stigmatisation and fair distribution of scarce resources (esp. vaccines, antivirals). Currently, most urgent and ethically challenging aspects relate to social distancing vs. autonomy: Isolation and quarantine are handled differently across Europe and the EU. Questions of transferability of such interventions prevail. Contexts vary vertically over time (2002 vs. 2020) and horizontally (e.g. between Italy and Germany at the same time). Furthermore, trust in authorities, media and health information is a key issue. Conclusions Ethical aspects are key for good pandemic preparedness and management. The context of the crises between 2002 and 2020 has slightly changed, also based on “lessons learned” from 2002. This has implications on ethical issues that are being discussed. New lessons will have to be learned from the 2020 crisis. Key messages Pandemic preparedness and outbreak management entail many ethical tensions that need to be addressed. Currently, questions of trust and transferability are key to the crisis management, further ethical issues could still emerge.

Canons to the Left of Him: Brevard Childs, his Critics, and the Future of Old Testament Theology

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Provan
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Biblical Theology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Probable Origin ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

It is well known that the seeds from which the modern discipline of OT theology grew are already found in 17th and 18th century discussion of the relationship between Bible and Church, which tended to drive a wedge between the two, regarding canon in historical rather than theological terms; stressing the difference between what is transient and particular in the Bible and what is universal and of abiding significance; and placing the task of deciding which is which upon the shoulders of the individual reader rather than upon the church. Free investigation of the Bible, unfettered by church tradition and theology, was to be the way ahead. OT theology finds its roots more particularly in the 18th century discussion of the nature of and the relationship between Biblical Theology and Dogmatic Theology, and in particular in Gabler's classic theoreticalstatementof their nature and relationship. The first book which may strictly be called an OT theology appeared in 1796: an historical discussion of the ideas to be found in the OT, with an emphasis on their probable origin and the stages through which Hebrew religious thought had passed, compared and contrasted with the beliefs of other ancient peoples, and evaluated from the point of view of rationalistic religion. Here we find the unreserved acceptance of Gabler's principle that OT theology must in the first instance be a descriptive and historical discipline, freed from dogmatic constraints and resistant to the premature merging of OT and NT — a principle which in the succeeding century was accepted by writers across the whole theological spectrum, including those of orthodox and conservative inclination.

scholarly journals Williams on Ethics, Knowledge, and Reflection

Philosophy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Knowledge ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
The One

The author begins with an outline of Bernard William's moral philosophy, within which he locates William's notorious doctrine that reflection can destroy ethical knowledge. He then gives a partial defence of this doctrine, exploiting an analogy between ethical judgements and tensed judgements. The basic idea is that what the passage of time does for the latter, reflection can do for the former: namely, prevent the re-adoption of an abandoned point of view (an ethical point of view in the one case, a temporal point of view in the other). In the final section the author says a little about how reflection might do this.

scholarly journals Comentarios a la propuesta del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo del certificado verde digital. Protección de datos sanitarios y análisis ético jurídico

Bioderecho.es ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria María González Suárez
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
The Right

Con motivo de la situación actual a la que nos enfrentamos por la pandemia de la COVID-19 se ha planteado en diversas ocasiones la implantación de un certificado verde digital. El 17 de marzo de 2021 la Comisión Europea presentó una propuesta de creación del certificado con el fin de facilitar el ejercicio del derecho a la libre circulación dentro de la Unión Europea durante la pandemia. Todo ello plantea diversas cuestiones jurídicas en cuanto a la protección de datos sanitarios, el derecho a la libre circulación y la eficacia y proporcionalidad de medidas que deben ser objeto de análisis tanto desde el punto de vista jurídico como del punto de vista ético ya que, en ciertas ocasiones la aplicación de medidas puede afectar al derecho a la igualdad de los ciudadanos. Due to the current situation we are facing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the implementation of a digital green certificate has been proposed on several occasions. On March 17, 2021, the European Commission presented a proposal to create the certificate in order to facilitate the exercise of the right of free movement within the European Union during the pandemic. All this raises various legal questions regarding the protection of health data, the right of free movement and the efficacy and proportionality of measures that must be analyzed from both the legal and ethical point of view since, on certain occasions the application of measures may affect the right of equality of citizens.

scholarly journals Biblijne argumenty ad absurdum świadectwem prawdziwości wiary chrześcijańskiej

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Janusz Nawrot
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Way Of Thinking

Argumentum ad absurdum, as a way of thinking or acting which is pointless from the point of view of rationality and predictability of a human’s action, is intentionally planned in order to justify the uniqueness and thus veracity of the existence of something compared to commonly accepted standards of behaviour. The universality of these standards is questioned by introducing factors that go beyond the patterns of commonly accepted standards. In the Bible, there are also absurd situations from the point of view of human predictability which are directly attributed to God. This absurdity of God’s action, in comparison to the rights guiding pagan religions and the rationally accepted human behaviour strengthens the faith in His existence. Going beyond the area of “normalcy” proves in the strongest way that these facts, which are seemingly at variance with logical thinking, are indeed true. These facts are paradoxically a strong and durable foundation of the Christian faith.

scholarly journals SOMEONE BETWEEN: ETHICAL AND MEDICAL PROBLEMS OF HUMAN AND (NON)HUMAN ANIMAL ENHANCEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGNIESZKA ŻOK ◽  
EWA BAUM
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Incurable Illness ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Personalised Therapy

Human dreams of a long and healthy life are becoming increasingly real. The advancement of medical technology allows to modify the genome or personalised therapy in order to avoid troublesome side effects. This process also leads to the blurring of boundaries between humans and animals. Rats with induced human diseases are used for testing drugs for incurable illness; humanised pigs can donate organs that are compatible with the genome and immune system of the recipient. A brave new human is approaching, and new “human” animals are making this possible. The main objective of the article is to show the differences between the refinement of people and other animals and to analyse this phenomenon from an ethical point of view.

scholarly journals Problemi morali nel trattamento della preeclampsia e della corioamnionite

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio P. Faggioni
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Double Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Principle Of Double Effect ◽  
Catholic Tradition ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Difficult Situations

Fra le patologie della gravidanza la corioamnionite e la preeclampsia rappresentano situazioni difficili sia dal punto di vista clinico sia dal punto di vista etico. L’articolo affronta con particolare attenzione il problema dell’anticipazione del parto prima che il feto abbia raggiunto la soglia della viabilità. Vengono esaminate le posizioni principali della Tradizione cattolica e le risposte a specifici quesiti date dal Sant’Uffizio tra la fine del XIX secolo e l’inizio del XX. L’Autore ritiene che l’applicazione del principio del duplice effetto a queste situazioni non sia del tutto convincente e propone una soluzione alternativa nella individuazione del solo bene possibile. ---------- Chorioamnionitis and preeclampsy represent difficult situations among pregnancy pathologies both from a clinical and from an ethical point of view. The article treats with particular attention the issue of induced preterm parturition before fetus has reached the threshold of viability. The main positions of the Catholic Tradition and the answers given by the Holy Office at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th are examined. The author believes that the application of the principle of double effect to such situations is non completely convincing and he proposes as an alternative solution the identification of the only possible good.

scholarly journals Dead Sea Scrolls dan Reliabilitas Alkitab Dalam Perspektif Injili

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Suyadi Tjhin
Keyword(s):  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Archeological Evidence ◽  
The Dead

This article discusses Dead Sea Scrolls and the reliability of the Bible from an evangelical perspective. This review from an evangelical point of view is needed to give perspective to Christian academics, so that they can take a position related to the above mentioned topic. From the results of a study of the Dead Sea Scroll's contribution in relation to the reliability of the Bible, Dead Sea Scroll is indeed a historical and important finding in the field of archeology, especially in connection with the Bible, but it must be realized that not because of archeological evidence that makes the Bible trusted, the Bible can be trusted so there is evidence.

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