Prevalence, incidence and outcome of periodontal diseases among the elderly

When compared to adults, older persons have a higher prevalence and incidence of periodontal diseases. The prevalence of periodontitis is substantially greater in the geriatrics group, which is 75 years old on average, compared to those who are 60 years old on average. Periodontitis can lead to tooth loss if natural periodontal therapies are not used. Periodontitis is the sixth most frequent incurable illness in the world, characterized by bacterial-induced and host-mediated deterioration of both soft and hard structures around the teeth. A severe type of periodontitis affects around 10% of the world's population. Periodontitis is more frequent in adults because of its chronic and debilitating nature, with around 66% of the 65-year-old age group in the United States afflicted by chronic periodontitis. A critical component of a successful disease prevention and health promotion trajectory is having up-to-date information on demographics, clinical symptoms, and illness burden on individuals, particularly in underrepresented regions where preventive programs are targeted and executed. As a result, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the existing research on the prevalence, incidence, and consequences of periodontal diseases in the older population.

The epidemiology of death and symptoms

Despite the advances of medicine, many illnesses continue to evade cure. Chronic, progressive, incurable illness is a major cause of disability, distress, suffering, and, ultimately, death. This is true for many causes of cancer, AIDS, and other disorders of vital organs. Such progressive, chronic diseases are most common in late adulthood and old age, but they occur at all ages. Disease-modifying treatments and the relief of suffering through symptom management, care planning, and family support are central to care, and these four domains are core goals of palliative care. This chapter offers an overview of how epidemiological studies may be used to clarify the population/s of people who may benefit from palliative care, to assist the planning for how services may meet the needs of people towards the end of life. Symptoms associated with a series of common, progressive, chronic illnesses will be discussed, thereby further facilitating planning for individual patients and for services.

Fighting COVID-19 in Nigeria: Leadership and collaboration in Numbers 12:9–16

Numbers 12:9–16 deals with a situation that deserves an urgent response. It defines leadership and collaboration in the period of crisis. The pericope provides roadmaps on how Nigerians can tackle the contemporary coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Nigeria. Miriam was struck with an incurable illness from God. Moses, with his leadership skills, was able to consult God, who insisted that Miriam be isolated and quarantined for seven days to prevent an escalation of the infectious disease. Using the narrative analysis, the study demonstrates that Moses’ display of transparent and systematic profiling, effective leadership and collaboration of all Israelites helped to curb the pandemic from escalating. Having observed this phenomenon, the researcher believes that the pericope will speak anew to the current fight against the coronavirus pandemic in Nigeria. Findings reveal that infective leadership and collaboration led to increased poverty, insecurity and domestic abuse in Nigeria during the coronavirus era.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The research is based on the rising cases of the coronavirus in Nigeria. It was discovered that a lack of transparency, a lack of leadership, and civil disobedience are the major factors causing a failure in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Disciplines implicated include Sociology, Old Testament and Dogmatics.

Mercy Killing and the Specific Features of Its Subjective Side

Building a rule-of-law state requires establishing rational priorities for legal protection. Human life and health should undoubtedly hold a center place in the criminal law policy as objects of protection against criminal infringements. Murder is one of such harmful infringements. At the same time, there is sometimes a considerable difference in the degree of public danger of its different varieties. Russian criminal law policy is aimed at a further humanization and harmonization of criminal law, which makes it necessary to examine the regulation of mercy killings. A killing committed out of mercy, at the victim’s request, to relief pain and unbearable suffering caused by a severe incurable illness is not regulated by Russian legislation. This type of killings is currently qualified by Russian law enforcers under Clause «в», Part 2, Art. 105 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Thus, Russian legislation views this type of killing as a qualified crime which, according to the author, is not quite correct. The article cites international practice that categorizes mercy killing as a privileged type of crime. Besides, some theoretical considerations in the article are illustrated by examples from Russian court practice on this type of killing. The article is based on both Russian and foreign works in the sphere of criminal law. It discusses some disputed aspects of delineating a mercy killing and offences with similar corpus delicti. The author concludes that there is an objective necessity to legally fix the specific offence of mercy killing, and to amend the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation to include this offence. A draft article of the CC of the RF regulating mercy killing is presented. The suggested and substantiated directions of amending Russian criminal legislation could be used in the lawmaking process for the future improvement of criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, and in teaching criminal law disciplines.

Escrito en el lienzo: Ovidio y el Billete de Amor en La Enferma de Amor de Jan Steen, pintor holandés del Siglo de Oro = Written on the Canvas: Ovid and the Billet-Doux in The Lovesick Maiden by Jan Steen, Golden Age Dutch Painter

Se analiza la impronta de la poesía erótica de Ovidio sobre un tema favorito del pintor barroco de Leiden Jan Steen (1626-1679), La enferma de amor o La visita del médico, con especial atención a la presencia en el cuadro de un billete de amor con una máxima escrita de origen ovidiano sobre el tradicional concepto del amor como una enfermedad incurable:… amor non est medicabilis herbis (epist. 5.149).Abstract Analysis of the influence of Ovid’s erotic poetry on a favourite theme to the Leiden Baroque painter Jan Steen (1626-1679), The lovesick maiden or The doctor’s visit, especially focalised on the presence of a billet-doux with an Ovidian written refrain on the traditional concept of love as an incurable illness: … amor non est medicabilis herbis (epist. 5.149).

Features of the Application of the Amnesty Institution under the Laws of the Russian Empire (1845-1917)

The peculiarities of the application of the amnesty institution under the legislation of the Russian Empire are studied, in particular, the Regulations on Criminal and Correctional Punishments of 1845, 1885, 1903, tsarist manifestos, the Amnesty Act of 1905, etc. Thus, the normative consolidation of concepts and partially the procedures of “pardon” and “condonation” was reflected in the Criminal and Correctional Penal Code of 1845, which were duplicated in the Regulations of 1885 and 1903. The reasons for the abolition of punishment could be the following: incurable illness or death of the accused, reconciliation of the parties, the statute of limitations for the crime and pardon. According to the norms of the Code, pardon of criminals came from the supreme autocratic power and the sovereign’s mercy. The cumbersome form of the tsarist manifestos, which were mostly issued in connection with solemn dynastic events, proved ineffective for state and political acts. When revolutionary and national movements in the Empire began to take their first steps, the government had to grant amnesty as proof of its sincerity and readiness for democratic changes. An example of such a step was the issuance of an amnesty act fated from June 25, 1905, which was a significant shift in the direction of modern legal understanding and legal enforcement of this legal institution. Also the author identified and analyzed several forms of amnesty, which were found in the legislation of that time: abolition, which abolished the general law for a particular case and extinguished the crime itself; indulgence, when not the crime itself was extinguished, but only the punishment for the committed crime; rehabilitation, according to which a person was released from serving a sentence and restored in rights. Depending on the interests and goals pursued by the state, different types of amnesty took place at different stages. In general, the Russian Empire was aware of its three forms: theocratic, dynastic and political.

Seeing and Being Seen: The Impact of Art Making on the Experience of Isolation and Fear in Patient Care

A positive diagnosis for COVID-19 is a threat not only to the health of an individual but also to the community where the disease manifests. Rather than being the discreet experience of a few or some, many people now appreciate our shared vulnerability with the threat of uncontained and incurable illness in our midst. “In this era of unspecified isolation, contagious disease, and with no sign of returning to normal life soon, coronavirus is putting an adverse effect on people’s mental health” (1). While managing the spread of COVID-19 has necessitated the use of social distancing and isolation a means of expressing care, equating care with the experience of fear and isolation can place unseen mental health burdens on inner resources for supporting the well-being of patients and those who care for them. Art can offer a remedy for this experience, lending the quality of durability to our fragile human experience and inviting us to extend the ways in which we see, think, and make sense of the world.

AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS - A SINGLE CASE STUDY

Background: The study was intended to have a theoretical audit of the Madhumeha and its treatment spe-cifically to the utilization of a natural drug Phalatrikadi kwatha. Madhumeha, otherwise called Diabetes Mellitus is one of the sorts of Vataja prameha, that has been considered as an incurable illness (Ma-hagada). Because of extravagance in etiological components it brings about the inadequate arrangement of Kapha and Meda which further continues descending through the channels of Mutravaha srotas and get confined at Basti mukha prompting the side effects like Prabhoota mutrata (polyuria), Avila mutrata (tu-bidity of pee) and so on. As the disease is Chirakari, it requires a compelling treatment which can be pro-ceeded for quite a while with no evil impacts. Among the numerous treatment measures referenced, Phala-trikadi kwath has been chosen in this examination and the impact was assessed. Method: In the current logical examination a 53 years old Male directed in Outpatient having Objections of the patient was increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue and blurred vision. By taking a gander at the signs and appearances of complaints of patient was resolved to have Diabetes after exhortation glucose tests reports. In the current case report lenient was required to treat with ayurvedic plan under the treatment of Diabetes. Going to the OPD of YMT Ayurvedic Hospital Kharghar and treated with preliminary medica-tion (Phalatrikadi kwatha). Patients were assessed in a time period for 15 days. FBS, PPBS with clinical sign and manifestations were tested. Result: In the wake of assessing the absolute impacts of the treatment, it was seen that Phalatrikadi kwath alongside diet and routine gave good alleviation. Conclusion: Significant result was observed with this treatment protocol in the management of Madhume-ha.

Safety of Convicts and Correctional Staff in Pandemic

The Author studies safety of convicts and staff during conviction. It is emphasized that infectious or viral diseases of pandemicnature are among potential threats which endanger life and health of convicts and correctional staff. The article notes that convicts andcorrectional staff are the most vulnerable to infectious or viral diseases of pandemic nature. It is related to the fact that correctionalfacilities (CF) are the locations where people are most congregated while many of them have number of concomitant diseases like seriousinfection, incurable illness, TB, hepatitis, HIV, etc.It is emphasised that the state’s primary task is not only ensure but also develop sound measures to protect the above individualsin practice. The article notes that the implementation of these measures will be more efficient if the components of the term of “safety”are clearly defined. This will allow to define comprehensive measures required to save as many human lives as possible and ensuregood health as human life and health are the highest priorities for the society and state. The article provides analysis of the definitionof the term of “safety” and its components. The conclusion goes that in order to ensure safety of convicts and correctional staff the statemust take all required measures to protect life and health of the above from any source of danger during conviction.The article acknowledges that proper living conditions in Ukraine are still not ensured, the minimum essential sanitary standardsin CF are inadequate, despite of a number of laws designed to improve conviction conditions have been passed. It is noted that it’s theresponsibility of the government to protect life and health of the convicts and correctional staff, however due to various factors not allmeasures are efficient enough to successfully prevent COVID-19. Multiple convict and staff safety violations are found in CF during the pandemic in Ukraine. The article includes recommendationsof international organisations including WHO, recommendations of the CE Commissioner for Human Rights, High UN Commissionerfor Human Rights, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment on all requiredmeasures to ensure to life and health of convicts and correctional staff.The Author provides the following recommendations on resolving the problem of safety of convicts and correctional staff:amnesty; adequate social, economic, organisational and legal measures; sufficient funding of CF’s; amending of penal correction le -gislation aimed at its improvement.