scholarly journals Comparison between latex and microscopic agglutination test for detection of human leptospiral antibodies

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ehsanollah Sakhaee ◽  
Mehdi Golchin ◽  
Zahra Davoodian
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Illness ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Basic Method ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Human Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis, notably Weil’s syndrome, is an often severe, acute febrile illness caused by microorganisms of the genus <em>Leptospira</em>. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the basic method for the sero-diagnosis of leptospirosis, as the test has a high sensitivity and can be used for classification, but has some disadvantages. Therefore, we have explored latex agglutination test (LAT) for use as a practical and rapid for sero-diagnosis of human leptospirosis and compared the applicability of commercial tests MAT and LAT in the detection of specific antibodies against <em>Leptospira interrogans</em> in human.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of recombinant LigB based latex agglutination test with microscopic agglutination test for the diagnosis of wildlife leptospirosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-448
Author(s):  
Yosef Deneke ◽  
Rajib Deb ◽  
SM Lutful Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Latex Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Iptg Induction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sera Samples

In the present study a comparative evaluation microscopic agglutination test with rLigB protein based latex agglutination test was carried out, which is a cross reacting lipoprotein able to detect acute infection caused by any pathogenic leptospiralserovars. It was employed for serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. The 46 KDa 6X His tagged LigB protein, obtained by IPTG induction of recombinant E. coli M15 cells containing the N-terminal region of LigB gee in PQE30 expression vector, was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and adsorbed on latex bead surface for performing latex agglutination test against Leptospirosis suspected wildlife field sera. A total of 80 wildlife sera samples were collec ted, including 27 wild feline sera samples (18 tigers, 8 lions, and 1 jaguar) obtained from Chhatbir zoo, Chandigarh, 42 sera samples (8 tigers, 4 lions and 6 leopards, 2 cheethals, 1 black buck, 12 buffaloes and 9 zoo staff) were received from Jodhpur zoo Rajasthan, 8 sera samples (4 tigers, 3 leopards, 1 lion) from Van Vihar National park, Bohpal, Madhya Pradesh and 3 sera samples (2 lions and 1 tiger) received from Biwani Mini zoo, Haryana, India. The result showed that sera were tested positive by rLigB based LAT, which were reconfirmed using microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The results from LAT were in concordance with MAT. In conclusion, rLigB based LAT is a rapid, pen site, reliable diagnostic tool of high sensitivity and specificity, under laboratory and field conditions, for the detection of Leptospirosis. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 440-448

scholarly journals Kejadian Leptospirosis pada Anjing di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (CASE OF CANINE LEPTOSPIROSIS IN THE CITY OF YOGYAKARTA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Guntari Titik Mulyani ◽  
Sri Hartati ◽  
Yuli Santoso ◽  
Kurnia Kurnia ◽  
Agung Budi Pramono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, which is caused by Leptospira interrogans. The incidence of leptospirosis in dogs varies according to region and season, and is considered as emerging infectious diseases in humans. Clinical symptoms of leptospirosis in dogs vary greatly, some dogs are asymptomatic, with mild symptoms, and others progress to severe illness until death. The study aims to determine cases of canine leptospirosis in Yogyakarta, and identify the serovar that infect them. A total of 20 dogs without symptoms, with mild symptoms, to severe symptoms of leptospirosis were collected their serum and further tested using Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) conducted at the Center for Veterinary Research (BBLitvet) Bogor. History of vaccination is recorded as a consideration in interpreting the MAT results. The results showed that three out of the 20 samples were positive leptospirosis. Of the three positive samples, one was identified as serovar bataviae, another one as serovar bataviae and tarrasovi, and the last as serovar bataviae, tarrasovi, ichterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, celledoni, pyrogenes, cynopteri, and rachmati, respectively. The three dogs with leptospirosis showed similar clinical symptoms i.e. Anorexia, lethargy, and fever. It can be concluded that there are cases of canine leptospirosis in Yogyakarta which is predominantly caused by Leptospira interrogans serovar bataviae. ABSTRAK Leptospirosis adalah penyakit zoonosis, yang disebabkan oleh Leptospira interrogans. Kejadian leptospirosis pada anjing bervariasi menurut wilayah dan musim, dan dianggap sebagai penyakit menular yang muncul pada manusia. Gejala klinis leptospirosis pada anjing sangat bervariasi, beberapa anjing tanpa menunjukkan gejala, dengan gejala ringan, dan yang lain melanjut menjadi penyakit yang parah sampai kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kasus leptospirosis pada anjing di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dan mengidentifikasi serovar yang menginfeksinya. Sebanyak 20 ekor anjing tanpa gejala, dengan gejala ringan, sampai gejala parah leptospirosis diambil serumnya guna pemeriksaan Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) yang dilaksanakan di Balai Besar Penelitian Veteriner (BBLitvet), Bogor. Sejarah vaksinasi dicatat sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam menginterpretasi hasil pemeriksaan MAT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga dari 20 sampel positif leptospirosis. Satu sampel positif terhadap serovar Bataviae, satu sampel positif terhadap serovar Bataviae dan Tarrasovi, dan satu sampel lagi positif terhadap serovar Bataviae, Tarrasovi, Ichterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, Celledoni, Pyrogenes, Cynopteri, dan Rachmati. Anjing yang positif leptospirosis menunjukkan gejala klinis yang sama berupa anoreksia, kelemahan, dan demam. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat kasus leptospirosis pada anjing di Yogyakarta yang penyebabnya dominan oleh Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae.

scholarly journals Use of saprophytic leptospira strains in the serodiagnosis of experimental leptospirosis in guinea-pigs (Cavia sp)

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul J. S. Girio ◽  
Luis A. Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Reactions ◽  
Single Antigen ◽  
Antibody Titres

The efficiency of four Leptospira biflexa strains (Buenos Aires, Patoc 1, Rufino and São Paulo) as single antigen in the serodiagnosis in guinea-pigs experimentally infected with seven Leptospira interrogans serovars (canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona, tarassovi and wolffi) was evaluated by the microscopic agglutination test. The four saprophytic strains were not able to reveal antibody titres in sera of guinea-pigs experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans. Serological cross-reactions were observed between strains Patoc 1 and São Paulo and between serovars wolffi and hardjo.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in a rural flood prone district of Bangladesh

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Morshed ◽  
H. Konishi ◽  
Y. Terada ◽  
Y. Arimitsu ◽  
T. Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Human Sera

SUMMARYLeptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease. In the present investigation, a total of 89 human sera from a flood prone district of Bangladesh was screened by a one-point microscapsule agglutination test (MCAT). MCAT-positive and-doubtful sera were further tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 16 reference serovars ofLeptospira interrogans. and the antibody titres determined. In MCAT, 34 sera were positive and 22 were doubtful. Among those positive and doubtful sera. 33 and 20. respectively were tested by MAT. Thirty-four out of 53 MCAT-screened samples were MAT-positive. The titres ranged from 20 to 1600 with antibodies to serovarscopenhageni, australis, cynopteriandicterohaemorrhagiaebeing the most prevalent. Eleven MCAT-positive samples failed to react with any strains used by MAT, suggesting the presence of new or untested serovars. Among the MAT-positive samples, the presence of antibody against two or more serovars was more common than that of a single serovar. The present study suggests that rural people in Bangladesh are at high risk to leptospiral infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Serovars of Leptospira Involved in Equine Abortions in Central Kentucky during the 1990 Foaling Season

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Donahue ◽  
Barbara J. Smith ◽  
Judy K. Donahoe ◽  
Cindy L. Rigsby ◽  
Robert R. Tramontin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Fetal Tissues ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
Culture Negative ◽  
Fetal Fluids

A study to determine the prevalence of leptospira-induced abortions in the central Kentucky equine population during the 1990 foaling season and to determine the leptospira serovars responsible was conducted. From July 1, 1989 through June 30, 1990, 32 (4.4%) of 726 submissions (fetuses, stillborn foals, and/or placentas) were diagnosed as leptospirosis by the fluorescent antibody test and/or microscopic agglutination test. Attempts were made to isolate leptospires from the fetal tissues and/or the dam's urine in 31 of these cases. Leptospira interrogans serovar kennewicki was isolated from 11 (35.5%) and serovar grippotyphosa from 2 (6.5%) of the 31 cases. Of 12 cases that were culture negative with serologically positive fetal fluids, 8 had titers against serovar pomona, 1 against bratislava, 1 against grippotyphosa, 1 against hardjo, and 1 against both bratislava and pomona.

scholarly journals Leptospira Infections in Trappers from Ontario

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryna Warshawsky ◽  
L Robbin Lindsay ◽  
Harvey Artsob
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Cardiac Puncture ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
London Health

BACKGROUND: Four trappers presented to the Middlesex-London Health Unit in November, 1997 with similar clinical presentations. All four complained of fever, chills and headache, and three of the four had severe muscle aches. All gave histories of trapping raccoons before the onset of illness. Three of the four men exhibited diagnostic seroconversions toLeptospira grippotyphosa.OBJECTIVE: To describe the four suspected cases of leptospira infections and to determine whether raccoons might serve as a reservoir of infection using field studies.DESIGN: Raccoon serology were undertaken using the microscopic agglutination test against eight serovars ofLeptospira interrogansincludingL grippotyphosa. Raccoons were trapped using Tomahawk live traps, anaesthetized with intramuscular injection of ketamine and acepromazine, bled by cardiac puncture and released.RESULTS: Forty-two raccoons were trapped in Middlesex (n=36) and Kent counties (n=6) from April 25 to May 2, 1998, and 10 (23.8%) of these animals had antibodies toL grippotyphosa.CONCLUSIONS: Infections due toL grippotyphosaor a closely related serovar are a risk for trappers in Ontario, and raccoons are a likely reservoir of this bacterium.

scholarly journals Leptospiral Culture without 5’-Fluorouracil Revealed Improved Leptospira Isolation from Febrile Patients in North-Eastern Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1307
Author(s):  
Amira Wahida Mohamad Safiee ◽  
Mohammad Ridhuan Mohd Ali ◽  
Mohd Hashairi Fauzi ◽  
Alwi Muhd Besari ◽  
Chan Yean Yean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
Leptospira Spp

Objectives: Isolation of Leptospira by culture represents a definitive growth and confirmation of the disease, yet it is hampered with its nature of slow growth. With slight modification of culture method, the study aims to isolate and characterize Leptospira spp. from patients with acute febrile illness. Methods: A total of 109 blood samples were collected from patients with acute febrile illness that presented at the Emergency Department of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. Clinical samples were subjected to Leptospira IgM Rapid test, microscopic agglutination test (MAT), isolation by culture method, and direct real-time PCR test. For leptospiral isolation, the samples (whole blood and deposit from spun plasma) were cultured into modified Ellinghausen McCullough Johnson Harris (EMJH) media with and without 5’-fluorouracil (5-FU). In every culture positive sample, partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for molecular identification of the isolates. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out to determine the genetic relatedness among the isolates. An inhibition of 5-FU study was performed on Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola with different concentrations to compare the growth detection of the tested Leptospira with or without 5-FU within 7 days of incubation. Results: Leptospirosis was diagnosed in 14.7% of patients with acute febrile illness. Two Leptospira spp. (n = 2/109, 1.85%) were successfully isolated from whole blood and deposit from spun plasma samples. B004 and B208 samples were positive at day 11 and day 7, respectively, in EMJH media without addition of 5-FU. Sample B004 was identified as Leptospira interrogans and B208 as Leptospira weilli. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that both of them were within pathogenic group and they were not related. The 5-FU inhibition study revealed that additional of 5-FU at final concentration of 200 µg/mL to EMJH media demonstrated an inhibitory effect on the growth of the tested strain Conclusion: Isolation of Leptospira spp. using EMJH media without addition of 5’-fluorouracil resulted in a better outcome. Two pathogenic Leptospira isolates were successfully cultivated from patients with acute febrile illness that were genetically not related.

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