scholarly journals Leptospira Infections in Trappers from Ontario

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryna Warshawsky ◽  
L Robbin Lindsay ◽  
Harvey Artsob
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Cardiac Puncture ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
London Health

BACKGROUND: Four trappers presented to the Middlesex-London Health Unit in November, 1997 with similar clinical presentations. All four complained of fever, chills and headache, and three of the four had severe muscle aches. All gave histories of trapping raccoons before the onset of illness. Three of the four men exhibited diagnostic seroconversions toLeptospira grippotyphosa.OBJECTIVE: To describe the four suspected cases of leptospira infections and to determine whether raccoons might serve as a reservoir of infection using field studies.DESIGN: Raccoon serology were undertaken using the microscopic agglutination test against eight serovars ofLeptospira interrogansincludingL grippotyphosa. Raccoons were trapped using Tomahawk live traps, anaesthetized with intramuscular injection of ketamine and acepromazine, bled by cardiac puncture and released.RESULTS: Forty-two raccoons were trapped in Middlesex (n=36) and Kent counties (n=6) from April 25 to May 2, 1998, and 10 (23.8%) of these animals had antibodies toL grippotyphosa.CONCLUSIONS: Infections due toL grippotyphosaor a closely related serovar are a risk for trappers in Ontario, and raccoons are a likely reservoir of this bacterium.

scholarly journals Kejadian Leptospirosis pada Anjing di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (CASE OF CANINE LEPTOSPIROSIS IN THE CITY OF YOGYAKARTA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Guntari Titik Mulyani ◽  
Sri Hartati ◽  
Yuli Santoso ◽  
Kurnia Kurnia ◽  
Agung Budi Pramono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, which is caused by Leptospira interrogans. The incidence of leptospirosis in dogs varies according to region and season, and is considered as emerging infectious diseases in humans. Clinical symptoms of leptospirosis in dogs vary greatly, some dogs are asymptomatic, with mild symptoms, and others progress to severe illness until death. The study aims to determine cases of canine leptospirosis in Yogyakarta, and identify the serovar that infect them. A total of 20 dogs without symptoms, with mild symptoms, to severe symptoms of leptospirosis were collected their serum and further tested using Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) conducted at the Center for Veterinary Research (BBLitvet) Bogor. History of vaccination is recorded as a consideration in interpreting the MAT results. The results showed that three out of the 20 samples were positive leptospirosis. Of the three positive samples, one was identified as serovar bataviae, another one as serovar bataviae and tarrasovi, and the last as serovar bataviae, tarrasovi, ichterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, celledoni, pyrogenes, cynopteri, and rachmati, respectively. The three dogs with leptospirosis showed similar clinical symptoms i.e. Anorexia, lethargy, and fever. It can be concluded that there are cases of canine leptospirosis in Yogyakarta which is predominantly caused by Leptospira interrogans serovar bataviae. ABSTRAK Leptospirosis adalah penyakit zoonosis, yang disebabkan oleh Leptospira interrogans. Kejadian leptospirosis pada anjing bervariasi menurut wilayah dan musim, dan dianggap sebagai penyakit menular yang muncul pada manusia. Gejala klinis leptospirosis pada anjing sangat bervariasi, beberapa anjing tanpa menunjukkan gejala, dengan gejala ringan, dan yang lain melanjut menjadi penyakit yang parah sampai kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kasus leptospirosis pada anjing di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dan mengidentifikasi serovar yang menginfeksinya. Sebanyak 20 ekor anjing tanpa gejala, dengan gejala ringan, sampai gejala parah leptospirosis diambil serumnya guna pemeriksaan Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) yang dilaksanakan di Balai Besar Penelitian Veteriner (BBLitvet), Bogor. Sejarah vaksinasi dicatat sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam menginterpretasi hasil pemeriksaan MAT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga dari 20 sampel positif leptospirosis. Satu sampel positif terhadap serovar Bataviae, satu sampel positif terhadap serovar Bataviae dan Tarrasovi, dan satu sampel lagi positif terhadap serovar Bataviae, Tarrasovi, Ichterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, Celledoni, Pyrogenes, Cynopteri, dan Rachmati. Anjing yang positif leptospirosis menunjukkan gejala klinis yang sama berupa anoreksia, kelemahan, dan demam. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat kasus leptospirosis pada anjing di Yogyakarta yang penyebabnya dominan oleh Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae.

scholarly journals Use of saprophytic leptospira strains in the serodiagnosis of experimental leptospirosis in guinea-pigs (Cavia sp)

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul J. S. Girio ◽  
Luis A. Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Reactions ◽  
Single Antigen ◽  
Antibody Titres

The efficiency of four Leptospira biflexa strains (Buenos Aires, Patoc 1, Rufino and São Paulo) as single antigen in the serodiagnosis in guinea-pigs experimentally infected with seven Leptospira interrogans serovars (canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona, tarassovi and wolffi) was evaluated by the microscopic agglutination test. The four saprophytic strains were not able to reveal antibody titres in sera of guinea-pigs experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans. Serological cross-reactions were observed between strains Patoc 1 and São Paulo and between serovars wolffi and hardjo.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in a rural flood prone district of Bangladesh

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Morshed ◽  
H. Konishi ◽  
Y. Terada ◽  
Y. Arimitsu ◽  
T. Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Human Sera

SUMMARYLeptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease. In the present investigation, a total of 89 human sera from a flood prone district of Bangladesh was screened by a one-point microscapsule agglutination test (MCAT). MCAT-positive and-doubtful sera were further tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 16 reference serovars ofLeptospira interrogans. and the antibody titres determined. In MCAT, 34 sera were positive and 22 were doubtful. Among those positive and doubtful sera. 33 and 20. respectively were tested by MAT. Thirty-four out of 53 MCAT-screened samples were MAT-positive. The titres ranged from 20 to 1600 with antibodies to serovarscopenhageni, australis, cynopteriandicterohaemorrhagiaebeing the most prevalent. Eleven MCAT-positive samples failed to react with any strains used by MAT, suggesting the presence of new or untested serovars. Among the MAT-positive samples, the presence of antibody against two or more serovars was more common than that of a single serovar. The present study suggests that rural people in Bangladesh are at high risk to leptospiral infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Serovars of Leptospira Involved in Equine Abortions in Central Kentucky during the 1990 Foaling Season

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Donahue ◽  
Barbara J. Smith ◽  
Judy K. Donahoe ◽  
Cindy L. Rigsby ◽  
Robert R. Tramontin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Fetal Tissues ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
Culture Negative ◽  
Fetal Fluids

A study to determine the prevalence of leptospira-induced abortions in the central Kentucky equine population during the 1990 foaling season and to determine the leptospira serovars responsible was conducted. From July 1, 1989 through June 30, 1990, 32 (4.4%) of 726 submissions (fetuses, stillborn foals, and/or placentas) were diagnosed as leptospirosis by the fluorescent antibody test and/or microscopic agglutination test. Attempts were made to isolate leptospires from the fetal tissues and/or the dam's urine in 31 of these cases. Leptospira interrogans serovar kennewicki was isolated from 11 (35.5%) and serovar grippotyphosa from 2 (6.5%) of the 31 cases. Of 12 cases that were culture negative with serologically positive fetal fluids, 8 had titers against serovar pomona, 1 against bratislava, 1 against grippotyphosa, 1 against hardjo, and 1 against both bratislava and pomona.

scholarly journals Comparison between latex and microscopic agglutination test for detection of human leptospiral antibodies

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ehsanollah Sakhaee ◽  
Mehdi Golchin ◽  
Zahra Davoodian
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Illness ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Basic Method ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Human Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis, notably Weil’s syndrome, is an often severe, acute febrile illness caused by microorganisms of the genus <em>Leptospira</em>. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the basic method for the sero-diagnosis of leptospirosis, as the test has a high sensitivity and can be used for classification, but has some disadvantages. Therefore, we have explored latex agglutination test (LAT) for use as a practical and rapid for sero-diagnosis of human leptospirosis and compared the applicability of commercial tests MAT and LAT in the detection of specific antibodies against <em>Leptospira interrogans</em> in human.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospiral Antibodies in Canine Population in and around Namakkal

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Senthil ◽  
K. M. Palanivel ◽  
R. Rishikesavan
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Canine Population ◽  
Sera Samples

Leptospirosis is a reemerging and a complex zoonotic bacterial disease, caused by pathogenic serovars of Leptospira interrogans. A total of 124 sera samples of dogs belonging to different categories like vaccinated, unvaccinated-semiowned, and stray dogs were subjected to sampling. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was conducted by using Leptospira culture. Out of 42 vaccinated dogs, 24 (57%) were positive to one or more serovars. Of the 24, 22 (52.3%), 11 (26.19%), 4 (9.5%), 1 (3%), and 2 (4.7%) were positive to icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, pomona, grippotyphosa, and autumnalis, respectively. Of the 48 unvaccinated semiowned dogs, 10 (28.8%) showed positive agglutination to one or more serovars. Of the 10 samples, 7 (14.5%), 2 (4.1%), 3 (6.2%), 3 (6.2%), and 5 (10.2%) were positive to icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, pomona, grippotyphosa, and autumnalis, respectively. Among the 34 stray dogs, 12 showed positive agglutination to one or more leptospiral antibodies. Of the 12 samples, 6 (17.6%) showed positive agglutination to icterohaemorrhagiae, 2 (5.8%) to canicola, 5 (14.7%) to pomona, 7 (20.5%) to grippotyphosa, and 5 (4.7%) to autumnalis. This study emphasized the changing trends in the epidemiology of leptospirosis with higher prevalence of serovar L. grippotyphosa in street dogs.

scholarly journals Presence of Antibodies Against Leptospira interrogans Serovar hardjo in Serum Samples from Cattle in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTON PYSKUN ◽  
VITALII UKHOVSKYI ◽  
OLENA PYSKUN ◽  
VITALII NEDOSEKOV ◽  
VYACHESLAV KOVALENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
Sera Samples

The article presents data on serological studies of 573 sera samples of cattle that were collected from the farms affected by leptospirosis in different regions of Ukraine in the period of 2014–2015. Samples were investigated by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), which was conducted within eight serological groups of Leptospira and nine serovars: Sejroe (serovars polonica and hardjo), Hebdomadis (serovar kabura), Tarassovi (serovar tarassovi), Pomona (serovar pomona), Grippotyphosa (serovar grippotyphosa), Canicola (serovar canicola), Icterohaemorrhagiae (serovar copenhageni), and Australis (serovar bratislava). The circulation of L. interrogans serovar hardjo among cattle has been observed in all 11 regions of Ukraine investigated within 25.8–60.0% of the leptospirosis-positive serum samples in these regions.Antibodies in the cattle sera against serovar hardjo (serogroup Sejroe) were detected in 139 of the 370 cows reacting positively in MAT. Overall, they were detected in 24.3% animals out of the total of 573 cows investigated. These are the preliminary results, however, in our opinion, they should allow to include the serovar hardjo in a standard panel of strains for MAT in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Serological prevalence to six leptospiral serovars in cattle in Asturias (Northern Spain)

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ESPI ◽  
J. M. PRIETO ◽  
M. FERNANDEZ ◽  
M. ALVAREZ
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Lower Frequencies

The prevalence of antibody to six serovars of Leptospira interrogans in cattle in Asturias (Northern Spain) was determined by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Using 50% agglutination or lysis at a dilution of 1[ratio ]10 or more as the criteria for seropositivity, 371 of 3578 (10·36%) animals were found to react with one serovar. The most commonly detected serovars were pomona (5·59%) and grippotyphosa (2·37%), whilst serovar hardjo (0·75%), icterohaemorrhagiae (0·64%), poi (0·64%) and autumnalis (0·36%) were found at lower frequencies.

scholarly journals Limited Diagnostic Capacities of Two Commercial Assays for the Detection of Leptospira Immunoglobulin M Antibodies in Laos

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1166-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart D. Blacksell ◽  
Lee Smythe ◽  
Rattanaphone Phetsouvanh ◽  
Michael Dohnt ◽  
Rudy Hartskeerl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Utility

ABSTRACT The diagnostic utility of immunochromatographic (Leptotek) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Panbio) tests for the detection of Leptospira immunoglobulin M antibodies was assessed in febrile adults admitted in Vientiane, Laos. Both tests demonstrated poor diagnostic accuracy using admission serum (Leptotek sensitivity of 47.3% and specificity of 75.5%: ELISA sensitivity of 60.9% and specificity of 65.6%) compared to the Leptospira “gold standard” microscopic agglutination test.

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