scholarly journals Assessment of Reference Values for Copper and Zinc in Blood Serum of First and Second Lactating Dairy Cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Spolders ◽  
Martin Höltershinken ◽  
Ulrich Meyer ◽  
Jürgen Rehage ◽  
Gerhard Flachowsky
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The influence of different copper and zinc contents in rations on blood serum concentrations in dependence on feeding (Groups A and B) and lactation (Lactation 1 and 2) was tested in a feeding trial with 60 German Holstein cows. All animals received a diet based on maize and grass silage ad libitum. 30 cows received a concentrate supplemented with copper and zinc as recommended (Group A), whereas the other 30 animals were offered a concentrate with roughly double the amount of copper and zinc (Group B). Blood samples were taken several times during the lactation to analyse serum concentrations of copper and zinc. Copper serum concentration was influenced neither by the different feeding (11.7 mol/L in Group A and 12.3 mol/L in Group B) nor by the lactation (12.0 mol/L in Lactation 1 and 12.1 mol/L in Lactation 2). Zinc serum concentration was significantly influenced as well as by feeding (14.1 mol/L in Group B and 12.5 mol/L in Group A) and lactation (14.2 mol/L in the second lactation and 12.8 mol/L for first lactating cows). For an exact diagnosis of trace element supply, blood serum is a not qualified indicator; other sources (feedstuffs, liver, hair) must also be investigated.

scholarly journals Determination metabolic and nutritional status in dairy cows during early and mid lactation

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojica Djokovic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Vladimir Kurcubic ◽  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Caro-Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate

The objective of the present study was to investigate nutritional and metabolic status in Simmental cows during early and mid-lactation. Fifteen early lactating cows and 15 mid lactating cows were chosen for the investigation. Blood samples were collected to measure beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides (TG), glucose and the activity of aspartate transaminase (AST). Early lactation as compared to mid lactating cows were found to have significantly higher (P<0.05) blood serum concentrations of NEFA, BHB and AST and lower blood serum concentrations of glucose (P<0.05) and TG (P>0.05). Significantly negative correlations were observed between BHB and glucose (P<0.01), BHB and TG (P<0.05), NEFA and glucose (P<0.05). Significantly positive correlations were observed between NEFA and BHB (P<0.05), NEFA and AST (P<0.05), glucose and TG (P<0.01). The results suggest that these parameters can serve as useful indicators of the nutritional and metabolic status of dairy cows during lactation.

scholarly journals Role of acute phase proteins in diagnosis of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Kazim G. Gasanov ◽  
Viktor A. Zurnadzhyants ◽  
Eldar A. Kchibekov ◽  
M. I. Shikhragimov
Keyword(s):  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Surgical Unit

Objective. To determine the blood serum 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin concentration in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) for the diagnosis of uremic pancreatitis and / or destructive pancreatitis. Materials and methods. The study involved 52 patients admitted to the Surgical Unit of Astrakhan "RZhD-Medicine" Hospital and City Clinical Hospital № 3. The blood serum 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin concentration was analyzed in patients admitted on an emergency basis with suspicion of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis, who receive renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The control group included 50 outpatients undergoing renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The study did not include patients with suspected pancreatitis who were not receiving renal replacement therapy. The period of the study is 20192021. Results. The concentration of blood serum 2-microglobulin is statistically higher than normal in all patients, who had received renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) in anamnesis. The most statistically high concentration of 2-microglobulin was revealed while studying patients with uremic pancreatitis (n = 34), and was (30.0 2.75 mg/l) compared with the blood serum concentration in patients with destructive pancreatitis (8 0.51 mg / l). The concentration of 2-macroglobulin was statistically lower in destructive pancreatitis (n = 18) and was 615 161 mg/l compared with uremic pancreatitis (980 216 mg/l). In the control group of outpatients (n = 50) receiving renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis), no statistically significant blood serum concentrations of 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin were found. Conclusions. A clear dependence of the concentration of 2-microglobulin and 2-macroglobulin on the severity of uremic pancreatitis and destructive pancreatitis was established. Statistically high values of 2-microglobulin concentrations were obtained in patients with uremic pancreatitis, and the 2-macroglobulin level was statistically low in destructive pancreatitis.

Effects of sources of carbohydrate and protein given at low levels with grass silage ad libitum on the performance of lactating dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
K. Aston ◽  
R.J. Dewhurst ◽  
W.J. Fisher ◽  
D.W.R. Davies ◽  
A.B. McAllan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Degradable Protein

An effective strategy for milk production is to supplement silage with small amounts of high-protein concentrate based on mixed carbohydrate sources and fish and soyabean meals (Aston et al 1992). Recent work at Trawsgoed by Sargeant and McAllan (1993) using growing steers given high-digestibility grass silage supplemented with rapeseed meal (a source of highly rumen degradable protein) produced similar live-weight gains to those obtained with fish meal. Jacobs and McAllan (1992) concluded that microbial protein yield is greater when the more degradable protein source is given, indicating a better balance in the supply of nitrogen and energy nutrients within the rumen. Lactating cows given grass silage diets have a high requirement for Metabolisable Protein (MP). The source of rumen fermentable carbohydrate may be important when MP supply is derived from degradable dietary protein and hence microbial growth. This study therefore examined the effects of varying the sources of carbohydrate and protein in low levels of concentrate given with high-digestibility grass silage. The main effects observed in the milk production experiment are presented here.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Plasma Amino Acid Levels in Preterm Infants and Their Potential Correlation with Retinopathy of Prematurity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yasin Ozcan ◽  
Gumus Huseyin ◽  
Kenan Sonmez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Aim. The aim of this study is to ascertain whether the level of circulating amino acids (aa) is associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods. This is a randomized controlled study of 55 infants born at gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks or birth weight (BW) ≤1500 grams. Serum samples were obtained from two groups: Group A comprised of 26 preterm infants with ROP and Group B comprised of 29 preterm infants without ROP. Plasma aa levels were analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Correlation test and multivariate regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between plasma aa levels and variables. Results. The mean serum arginine and glutamine levels were significantly higher, but the mean lysine and aspartic acid levels were significantly lower in Group A, compared to Group B ( p = 0.04 , p = 0.002 , p = 0.029 , and p = 0.002 , respectively). In multivariate analysis, the mean arginine and lysine levels were significantly associated with the stage of the disease ( p = 0.03 and p = 0.01 , respectively). No significant differences were determined between the groups in terms of alanine, asparagine, valine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, serine, proline, citrulline, cysteine, ornithine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, taurine, and isoleucine amino acids ( p > 0.05 , respectively). Conclusions. These results indicate a significant association between high arginine and glutamine, with low lysine and aspartic acid serum concentrations with ROP. Due to higher serum concentrations in ROP, extra arginine-glutamine supplementation in hyperoxic conditions may be unfavorable through pathways involving reactive oxygen, particularly in patients with ROP.

Effects of sources of carbohydrate and protein given at low levels with grass silage ad libitum on the performance of lactating dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
K. Aston ◽  
R.J. Dewhurst ◽  
W.J. Fisher ◽  
D.W.R. Davies ◽  
A.B. McAllan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Degradable Protein

An effective strategy for milk production is to supplement silage with small amounts of high-protein concentrate based on mixed carbohydrate sources and fish and soyabean meals (Aston et al 1992). Recent work at Trawsgoed by Sargeant and McAllan (1993) using growing steers given high-digestibility grass silage supplemented with rapeseed meal (a source of highly rumen degradable protein) produced similar live-weight gains to those obtained with fish meal. Jacobs and McAllan (1992) concluded that microbial protein yield is greater when the more degradable protein source is given, indicating a better balance in the supply of nitrogen and energy nutrients within the rumen. Lactating cows given grass silage diets have a high requirement for Metabolisable Protein (MP). The source of rumen fermentable carbohydrate may be important when MP supply is derived from degradable dietary protein and hence microbial growth. This study therefore examined the effects of varying the sources of carbohydrate and protein in low levels of concentrate given with high-digestibility grass silage. The main effects observed in the milk production experiment are presented here.

scholarly journals Effect of passive smoking on thyroid function in infants

1998 ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gasparoni ◽  
M Autelli ◽  
MF Ravagni-Probizer ◽  
A Bartoli ◽  
M Regazzi-Bonora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Cord Serum ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Design And Methods

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of passive smoking on thyroid function in infants. DESIGN AND METHODS: Cord serum tri-iodiothyronine (T3), free T3 (fT3), thyroxine (T4), free T4 (fT4), TSH, thyroxine binding globulin (TBG), thyroglobulin (TG) and cord plasma thiocyanate were measured at birth, and serum TG and thiocyanate after 1 year of life, in 18 infants born from parents who did not smoke (group A), in 18 infants with a father who smoked (group B) and in 18 infants with parents both being smokers (group C). RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in cord serum concentrations of T3, fT3, T4, fT4, TSH and TBG among the three groups. Median (range) TG concentrations (ng/ml) were 30.2 (5.0-102.0), 56.3 (20.5-208.0) and 76.0 (26.0-199.0) at birth (P=0.009 for groups A and B compared; P=0.0002 for groups A and C compared), and 14.9 (5.4-32.0), 19.5 (10.0-57.5) and 20.0 (14.0-40.7) at 1 year (P=0.017 for groups A and C compared), in the three groups respectively, and thiocyanate concentrations (mmol/l) were 3.3 (0.0-51.4), 12.9 (0.0-122.2) and 27.8 (3.3-184.5) at birth (P=0.015 for groups A and C compared), and 3.1 (0.0-32.7), 6.0 (0.0-47.3) and 20.3 (0.0-230.8) at 1 year (P=0.01 for groups A and C compared) in the three groups respectively. CONCLUSIONS: TG and thiocyanate concentrations at birth and at 1 year of age in infants of smoking parents are greater than in infants with non-smoking parents. These results indicate that the change in thyroid function as evaluated by serum TG concentrations observed at birth can persist at least for 1 year if the exposure to passive smoking from both parents is continued. Increased TG concentrations may be due to a direct effect of thiocyanate on the thyroid gland.

EFFECT OF TOCOPHEROL AND SELENIUM ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BUSERELIN FOR ESTRUS INDUCTION IN LATE SEASON ANESTRUS MARES (EQUUS CABALLUS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Farah Ali ◽  
Laeeq Akbar Lodi ◽  
Syed Saad Ul Hazzan ◽  
Riaz Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tocopherol and selenium on the performance of buserelin (GnRH analogue) for estrus induction in anestrus mares. A total of 18 seasonally anestrus mares were divided into three equal groups (n=6 in each) after ovarian scanning. Mares in group A (treatment group) were treated with tocopherol and selenium intramuscularly along with daily dose of buserelin. Mares which came into heat within ten-day buserelin protocol, further injections of buserelin for those mares were stopped. Mares in group B were treated with buserelin intramuscularly only for ten days. Mares which came into heat within ten-day buserelin protocol, further injections of buserelin were stopped. Blood/serum was collected from each experimental mare kept in different groups (A-C) at days 1, 11, 12, 13 and 14. Onset of estrus signs was 83.3, 33.3 and 0% in group A, B and C, respectively, that was significant (P<0.05) among groups. Follicular dynamics were 20.24±3.00, 14.59±2.24 and 10.35±0.63mm in groups A, B and C, respectively with significant (P˂0.05) difference. Change in serum E2 contents was significantly (P˂0.05) different among groups A, B and C whereas progesterone concentration showed non-significant difference among groups.

Effect of supplementation of lutein and DL-methionine on certain haemato-biochemical parameters and serum concentration of corticosteronein captive Golden pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Yogi ◽  
A. Das ◽  
S. S. Kullu ◽  
M. Saini ◽  
A. K. Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Combat Stress ◽  
Serum Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Twenty four male golden pheasants were divided into 4 groups of 6 each. First group basal diet contained no supplementary lutein or DL-methionine (M0C0). The diet of the birds in group M0C1 were supplemented with lutein (40 mg/kg DM) without supplementary DL methionine, whereas those in group M1C0 were supplemented only with DL-methionine (1.5g/ kg DM). Birds in group M1C1 were fed both the supplements. A feeding trial of 60 days duration was conducted. Heterophill counts was significantly lower (Pless than0.001) in groups M0C1 and M1C1 as compared to group M0C0 and M1C0 and lymphocyte count was higher (Pless than0.05) in lutein supplemented group as compared to non-lutein supplemented groups. The ratio of H: L was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in lutein supplemented groups. Other haematological and serum biochemical parameters were not significantly different among the groups. Serum concentrations of corticosterone were lower (Pless than0.001) in groups M0C1 and M1C1 as compared to groups M0C0 and M1C0. It was concluded that supplementation of lutein (40mg/kg DM) but not DL- methionine (0.15% DM) improved the capability of the Golden pheasant to combat stress.

THE EFFECT OF THE ADDITIVE "SILOGEN" ON THE INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF GRASS SILAGE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
G. C. L. PENNELLS ◽  
J. A. SHELFORD
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Silage Additives

A silage additive (Silogen) consisting of a dried culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Aspergillus oryzae was tested in a feeding trial with lactating cows and a digestibility trial with sheep, as a means of improving the conservation of nutrients during the ensiling of an orchardgrass-white clover forage. The additive did not influence the composition of the effluent nor the silage with the exception that ADIN/N was 5.4% for the treated compared to 9.0% for the control silage. Lactating cows consumed significantly (P < 0.05) less of the treated silage (10.70 vs. 12.95 kg DM/day) but produced the same amount of milk (25.2 vs. 25.0 kg/day) as the cows fed the control silage, indicative of a greater efficiency of utilization. The silage treated with the additive had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) digestibility of organic matter, acid detergent fiber and nitrogen compared to the control silage. It was concluded that the additive was effective in preserving a greater proportion of forage nutrients for utilization by the lactating cow. Key words: Silage additives, intake, digestibility, lactating cows, sheep

Caffeine Uptake into the Vitreous after Peroral Coffee Consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
Christoph Leisser ◽  
Thomas Stimpfl ◽  
Manuel Ruiss ◽  
Caroline Pilwachs ◽  
Julius Hienert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Caffeine and its metabolites have antioxidant activity, scavenging reactive oxygen species. The aim of our study was to measure caffeine concentrations in vitreous samples after peroral caffeine intake. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This prospective study included patients scheduled for 23-G pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling due to epiretinal membranes. The study was performed in two parts: in the first part, patients were recruited into three different groups: group A consisted of habitual coffee drinkers who agreed to drink coffee containing 180 mg caffeine 1 h before surgery (<i>n</i> = 10), group B consisted of habitual coffee drinkers who were not offered coffee before surgery (<i>n</i> = 5), and group C consisted of non-habitual coffee drinkers, forming the control group (<i>n</i> = 5). In the second part (group D) patients (habitual coffee drinkers) agreed to give additional blood serum samples for measurement of caffeine concentration. Harvested samples of vitreous (groups A–D), epiretinal membranes (groups A–C), and blood serum samples (group D) were examined for concentrations of caffeine with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Samples of 40 eyes of 40 patients were harvested. The concentrations of caffeine in the vitreous samples were 1,998 ± 967 ng/mL in group A and 1,108 ± 874 ng/mL in group B. In group C, caffeine concentrations were below 176 ng/mL in all vitreous samples. Both groups A and B had significantly higher concentrations of caffeine in the vitreous samples than group C (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.002, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test). Caffeine concentrations in epiretinal membranes were below the limits of detection. Correlation of caffeine concentrations between blood serum samples and vitreous samples in group D was high, with significantly higher caffeine concentrations in the blood serum. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Coffee consumption leads to significant caffeine levels in the vitreous compared to patients in the control group, and caffeine concentrations in the vitreous showed a high correlation to blood serum concentrations of caffeine after peroral coffee consumption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document