scholarly journals Evaluation of Plasma Amino Acid Levels in Preterm Infants and Their Potential Correlation with Retinopathy of Prematurity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yasin Ozcan ◽  
Gumus Huseyin ◽  
Kenan Sonmez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Aim. The aim of this study is to ascertain whether the level of circulating amino acids (aa) is associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods. This is a randomized controlled study of 55 infants born at gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks or birth weight (BW) ≤1500 grams. Serum samples were obtained from two groups: Group A comprised of 26 preterm infants with ROP and Group B comprised of 29 preterm infants without ROP. Plasma aa levels were analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Correlation test and multivariate regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between plasma aa levels and variables. Results. The mean serum arginine and glutamine levels were significantly higher, but the mean lysine and aspartic acid levels were significantly lower in Group A, compared to Group B ( p = 0.04 , p = 0.002 , p = 0.029 , and p = 0.002 , respectively). In multivariate analysis, the mean arginine and lysine levels were significantly associated with the stage of the disease ( p = 0.03 and p = 0.01 , respectively). No significant differences were determined between the groups in terms of alanine, asparagine, valine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, serine, proline, citrulline, cysteine, ornithine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, taurine, and isoleucine amino acids ( p > 0.05 , respectively). Conclusions. These results indicate a significant association between high arginine and glutamine, with low lysine and aspartic acid serum concentrations with ROP. Due to higher serum concentrations in ROP, extra arginine-glutamine supplementation in hyperoxic conditions may be unfavorable through pathways involving reactive oxygen, particularly in patients with ROP.

scholarly journals Comparison of prophylactic versus regular use of antibiotics in elective major obstetrical and gynecological surgeries

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Ramya Sreevarshni Shunmugha Sundharam ◽  
Hiremath P. B. ◽  
Sankareswari R.
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Surgical site infections better prevented by parenteral antibiotic in sufficient doses generally should be given before the operation which helps to achieve the therapeutic drug level both in the blood and related tissue during the operation. Ceftriaxone, when administered together as a prophylaxis can fulfil the above criteria of a good antibiotic. Thus, this study was planned to assess the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic usage to that of regular antibiotics usage in patients undergoing elective surgeries.Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital during the study period of June 2017 to April 2018 with 140 cases. Group A received a single dose of Injection Ceftriaxone 1g. Group B, received Injection Ceftriaxone 1 gm and Injection Metronidazole 500 mg for five days. The data was entered in excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS (Version 16).Results: The mean age group in Group A and Group B was found to be 34.24±10.5 and 35.97±11.89, respectively. There was no statistical significance between group A and B for incidence of infection in the post-operative period and duration of hospital stay. The mean value in group A for duration of surgery was found to be 67.5±13.5 and in group B mean value was 72.1±14.9. (p value <0.05).Conclusions: This study demonstrated that administration of prophylactic antibiotic rather than conventional antibiotic at caesarean and gynecological surgeries are not associated with significant difference in post-operative morbidities.

scholarly journals A comparative study between onlay and sublay meshplasty in ventral hernias: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Tharun Ganapathy Chitrambalam ◽  
Preetham Anguraj ◽  
Jeyakumar Sundaraj ◽  
Manimaran Pethuraj
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Ventral Hernia ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ventral Hernias

Background: Ventral hernias are one of the most common surgical problems of the modern age. About 15-18% of all the surgical procedures performed around the world comprises of hernia repair. This study aims to compare the two common options of mesh placement in open ventral hernia repairs; over the anterior rectus sheath, the ‘Onlay meshplasty’ and in the retrorectus plane, the ‘Sublay meshplasty’.Methods: A prospective controlled study was done between March 2017 to August 2018 on 150 patients with ventral hernia randomizing patients into 2 groups. Group A (Onlay meshplasty) and Group B (Sublay meshplasty). Duration of surgery, post-operative pain, wound infection, duration of hospital stay and recurrences were analysed with 12 months follow up.Results: The mean duration of surgery in group A was 48.49±0.71 minutes and in group B was 72.84±0.72 minutes. Group B experienced significantly lesser pain when compared with group A. The mean asepsis score in group A was 3.60±1.09 and in group B was 0.47±0.30 with a p value of 0.006. Group A had significantly longer hospital stay (9.39 days) than group B (5.71 days). The recurrences in both the groups were statistically insignificant (Group A- 2 patients; Group B- 1 patient).Conclusions: Sublay meshplasty although requires longer time to perform, proves to be a better alternate in terms of post-operative pain, wound infection and hospital stay.

scholarly journals Clinical study in management of infected diabetic foot ulcers: superoxidised solution versus povidine iodine solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2406
Author(s):  
Ramalingeshwara Kantly ◽  
Abhijit Medikeri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Solution Versus ◽  
Ulcer Area ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Povidine Iodine

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is a one of the major challenging problem to every surgeon in day to day practice. Superoxidised solution is an effective concept in the wound management. The present study was aimed to compare the efficacy of dressings with superoxidised solution versus povidine iodine in the management of infected diabetic ulcers.Methods: This is a randomized controlled study conducted over a period of one year. In our study, total of 60 patients presenting with infected diabetic ulcers are included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each, group A (Topical superoxidised solution dressing) and group B (Topical povidine iodine dressing). Wound was observed for decrease in size of the ulcer, granulation, tissue quality and discharge from the wound at the end of each week for two weeks.Results: In the present study, 76.67% of patients in group A and B were males and the male to female ratio was 3.2:1. The mean age in group A was 55.90±14.27 years compared to 51.50±13.18 years in group B. The mean initial ulcer area in group A was 3882±1890 mm2 compared to 3992±2000 mm2 in group B. The mean post treatment final area in group A was significantly low (1607±862 mm2) compared to group B (2351±1240 mm2; p=0.009) and the comparison of mean change in ulcer area was significantly high in group A compared to group B (2215±1060 mm2 vs 1641±856 mm2; p=0.024). The mean percentage reduction in ulcer area among patients with group A was significantly high (58.90±5.21 percent vs. 40.90±8.76 percent; p=0.024). The commonest organism isolated in group A was Escherichia coli (26.67%) and in group B, it was staphylococcus. The culture was positive in 26% of the patients in group A compared to 50% in group B (p=0.063).Conclusions: Overall, topical superoxidised solution dressing for diabetic foot ulcer accelerated the healing process resulting in faster recovery through reduction in ulcer area compared to topical povidine iodine dressing.

scholarly journals Complementary Therapies for Idiopathic Hirsutism: Topical Licorice as Promising Option

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita Faghihi ◽  
Fariba Iraji ◽  
Bahareh Abtahi-Naeini ◽  
Bahar Saffar ◽  
Ali Saffaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Study ◽  
Alexandrite Laser ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Idiopathic Hirsutism ◽  
The Face ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hair Removal Laser ◽  
Group B

Hirsutism is one of the most prevalent health problems in women. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of 755 nm alexandrite hair removal laser with that of alexandrite laser plus topical licorice on the improvement of idiopathic hirsutism. A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study was performed on 90 female subjects. The patients were divided into two groups: alexandrite laser plus 15% licorice gel (group A) and placebo (group B). Each subject received one of both products over one side of the face, twice daily for 24 weeks on the hirsute locations. Each group underwent five sessions of alexandrite laser at 6-week intervals. To minimize the effects of confounding variables, the test was performed on two separate zones of patients’ skin. The mean ± SD numbers of terminal hairs in group A were 7.05 ± 4.55 for zone 1 and 6.06 ± 3.70 for zone 2. In group B, they were 3.18 ± 1.75 for zone 1 and 2.49 ± 1.63 for zone 2. The difference in the mean number of terminal hairs was statistically significant between the two groups (p<0.001), and there were no serious adverse reactions. The treatment of idiopathic hirsutism with 755 nm alexandrite laser plus topical licorice is more effective than alexandrite laser only.

scholarly journals Treatment of supracondylar fracture of the humerus (type IIB and III) in children: A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing two methods

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pandey ◽  
D Shrestha ◽  
M Gorg ◽  
GK Singh ◽  
MP Singh
Keyword(s):  
Closed Reduction ◽  
Supracondylar Fracture ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Kirschner Wires ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carrying Angle ◽  
Group B

Background: Consensus on method of treatment of displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children is still lacking. Purpose of this prospective randomized controlled study is to compare closed reduction and long arm slab application with closed reduction and percutaneous crossed Kirschner wires fixation. Materials and methods: Children of age less than 12 years presented in B.P. Koirala institute of health sciences, Dharan in one year were randomly allocated to group A and group B consisting 30 patients in each group. Closed reduction and long arm posterior slab was applied in group A and in group B, closed reduction was followed by crossed Kirschner wires fixation. Clinical and radiological evaluation of reduction was performed immediately after procedure and at the end of first week, third week, third month and sixth month. Results: The groups were matched for pre fracture characteristics and post reduction evaluation. The mean follow up period in group A was 6.9 months and in group B was 7.1 months. Closed reduction failed in two patients at the first attempt and one patient failed to retain reduction at first week in group A. 11 patients (5 in group A and 6 in group B) were lost to follow up. Range of movement, valgus, varus and carrying angle of elbow in two groups were not significantly different. The mean difference of carrying angle of affected elbow as compare to normal elbow was significant in group A (p ? 0.05). Flynn's overall rating showed 32% excellent, 36% good, 18% fair and14 % poor result in patents treated with long arm slab as compared to 58% excellent, 29% good, 13 % fair and no poor results in patients with crossed Kirschner wires fixation. Conclusion: The outcome of displaced extension type supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children, managed with closed reduction and slab application are comparable with closed reduction and crossed Kirschner wire fixation in terms of range of motion but is inferior in restoration of carrying angle. Good to excellent cosmetic and functional results are higher with crossed percutaneous Kirschner wires fixation than with slab immobilization. Key words: closed reduction; percutaneous fixation; supracondylar fracture doi: 10.3126/kumj.v6i3.1705 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2008), Vol. 6, No. 3, Issue 23, 310-318

scholarly journals Intra-cervical foley’s catheter or PGE2 gel for induction of labour: which one is better: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushpreet Kaur ◽  
Balwinder Kaur ◽  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
Gagandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Labour Induction ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Foley’S Catheter ◽  
Group B

Background: Labour is clinically defined as the initiation and perpetuation of uterine contraction with goal of producing progressive cervical effacement and dilatation. The Foley’s catheter is an effective alternative to prostaglandins for cervical ripening/labour induction. Study was done to compare the efficacy of intracervical Foley’s catheter and PGE2 gel as a cervical ripening agent and to study maternal and fetal outcome in terms of mode of delivery and Apgar score.Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, Government Medical College, Patiala. 200 women with indication for induction of labour were enrolled in the study to investigate the efficacy and fetomaternal outcome of induction of labour with intracervical Foley’s catheter comparing with PGE2 gel.Results: The mean age in group A was 24.41±3.37 and in group B was 24.24±3.17 years. The 95% women were induced successfully in group A and 97% were successfully induced in group B. Preeclampsia and postdatism were the most common indications for induction in both groups. The mean induction delivery interval in group A was 15.20±4.53 hours and in group B was 15.86±4.79 hours. 4.21% cases required NICU admission in group A while in group B, it was 5.15% cases.Conclusions: Our study concludes that there is no difference in efficacy between intracervical Foley’s catheter and intracervical PGE2 gel for induction of labour and both methods are complementary to each other.

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

Pregabalin As A Premedicant To Attenuate Pressor Response In Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3418-3423
Author(s):  
Sweety Agrawal ◽  
Shubdha Bhagat ◽  
Pratibha Deshmukh ◽  
Amol Singham
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Co2 Insufflation ◽  
Ramsay Sedation Scale ◽  
Minute Interval ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

The present study was done to evaluate the ability of oral pregabalin to attenuate the pressor response to airway instrumentation in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Sixty-four adult patients aged between 25-55 year of either gender belonging to ASA-1 or ASA2 physical status weighing 50-70 kg were enrolled in this study. Thirty-two patients each were randomized to group A, or group B. Patients in group A received tablet Pregabalin (150mg) and those in group B received placebo orally one hour before induction of anaesthesia. Heart rate, blood pressure, and sedation were assessed preoperatively before giving the tablets and after 30 minutes, and just before induction of anaesthesia. Intraoperative, pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, ECG in the lead II, SPO2 and ETCO2 were monitored. All the above parameters were noted during laryngoscopy and intubation, 3 minutes after CO2 insufflation, and then at every 10-minute interval till the end of surgery. These parameters were also recorded after extubating the patient. The Ramsay sedation scale was used to assess the sedation at the baseline, one hour after drug intake , one hour after extubation and 4 hour after surgery. Any adverse effects in the postoperative period were recorded. The result of our study shows that pre-emptive administration of oral pregabalin 150 mg significantly reduced the pressor response at the time of laryngoscopy and intubation, after CO2 insufflation and just after extubation. We conclude that oral pregabalin premedication is effective in successful attenuation of hemodynamic pressor response to laryngoscopy, intubation and pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

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