Role of Ten Dietary Vitamins on Fecundity of the Parasitoid Exeristes comstockii (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 918-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Bracken
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Egg Viability

AbstractFeeding tests with the adults of Exeristes comstockii (Cress.) on chemically defined diets showed that, of ten B-vitamins omitted singly, only three, panthothenic acid, folic acid and thiamine, were needed for maximal egg production and maximal numbers of eggs contained in ovaries. Egg production on a diet with only these three vitamins was similar to that on a control with all B-vitamins, but egg viability was significantly lower. Addition of α-tocopherol did not increase fecundity or egg viability. Vitamin-starved females partly recovered ovarian function when fed tissues of Galleria mellonella L.

Role of mutations in MTHFR gene and hyperhomocysteinemia in occurrence of ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
K. B. Manysheva ◽  
B. A. Abusueva ◽  
Z. R. Umakhanova
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the study is review and analyze scientific publications devoted to the problems of stroke, its relationship with the most common mutations in the MTHFR gene and their individual allelic variants and serum homocysteine levels.Materials and methods. Analyzing foreign and domestic publications, the relationship of the strongest mutations in the MTHFR gene with an increase in the level of serum homocysteine, which is a predictor of the development of vascular accidents, including acute circulatory disorders of the brain, was revealed.Results. Stroke is a socially significant disease. All risk factors for acute cerebral stroke are subdivided into modifiable and non-modifiable. To a non-modifiable factor that predisposes to the development of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, hereditary factors, including genetic mutations in a number of genes. MTHFR is a genome carrying individual allelic variants that can affect the level of homocysteine in blood serum, causing it to increase, and hyperhomocysteinemia, according to a number of studies, is a likely predictor of diseases of the cardiovascular system, including severe cerebrovascular accidents. At the same time, a large number of studies use the services of the protective role of reducing the elevated level of serum homocysteine using various forms of folic acid and B vitamins. The authors of the article attempted to process, analyze and summarize the data of modern research issues on the topic under consideration.Conclusions. The relationship between the occurrence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and the most common mutations in the MTHFR gene has been revealed. Hyperhomocysteinemia, separate and developing as a result of these mutations, is an independent risk factor for the development of acute cerebral ischemia. Normalization of elevated serum homocysteine levels is required for all patients as stroke prevention, and includes not only the use of foods enriched with folic acid, but also pharmacological correction of folates and B vitamins.

Egg Viability as a Determinant of Clutch Size in Birds: A Basic Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Koo Lee ◽  
Steven L. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Egg Limitation

Many hypotheses address the determinants of clutch size in birds. One of the more recent is the egg viability hypothesis, which holds that a drop in egg viability with days left unincubated acts to limit clutch size, especially in tropical birds. We provide a basic theoretical analysis of this hypothesis in the form of a simulation model that considers different types of reproductive mortality and the role of multiple breeding attempts per season. We consider both biologically plausible and implausible scenarios to illustrate key points. In its simplest form, assuming a limit to seasonal egg production and the absence of predation on parent or nest, a drop in egg viability favours the allocation of eggs into the smallest clutches that allow eggs to be laid over multiple nesting attempts. This allocation maximises overall egg viability (or minimises egg mortality). Drops in egg viability also lead to smaller clutches when no egg limitation is assumed, as long as multiple nesting attempts are possible. A drop in egg viability alone does not favour small clutches when only a single nesting attempt is possible. The possibility of nest predation renders clutch sizes sensitive to egg viability decreases over time, and generally acts to limit clutch sizes still further. However, steep drops in the viability of unincubated eggs can render clutch size insensitive to changes in the risk of predation to parent or nest. Similarly, a high risk of nest predation renders clutch size insensitive to changes in egg viability.

Regulatory role of resistin on ovarian function

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Rak-Mardyla ◽  
Anna Wrobel ◽  
Eliza Drwal ◽  
Ewa Gregoraszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Regulatory Role

scholarly journals Role of Folic Acid and Energy Intake in Nucleic Acid Synthesis

1959 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-627
Author(s):  
Ranjan Mehta ◽  
David A. Vaughan ◽  
Shreepad R. Wagle ◽  
Kendall D. Barbee ◽  
S.P. Mistry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Nucleic Acid Synthesis

scholarly journals TNFRSF14 deficiency protects against ovariectomy-induced adipose tissue inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Kyung Choi ◽  
Woon-Ki Kim ◽  
Ok-Joo Sul ◽  
Yun-Kyung Park ◽  
Eun-Sook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Metabolic Perturbation ◽  
Necrosis Factor

To elucidate the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14 (TNFRSF14) in metabolic disturbance due to loss of ovarian function, ovariectomy (OVX) was performed in TNFRSF 14-knockout mice. OVX increased fat mass and infiltration of highly inflammatory CD11c cells in the adipose tissue (AT), which was analyzed by flow cytometry, and resulted in disturbance of glucose metabolism, whereas TNFRSF14 deficiency attenuated these effects. TNFRSF14 deficiency decreased recruitment of CD11c-expressing cells in AT and reduced the polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages to M1. Upon engagement of LIGHT, a TNFRSF14 ligand, TNFRSF14 enhanced the expression of CD11c via generation of reactive oxygen species, suggesting a role of TNFRSF14 as a redox modulator. TNFRSF14 participated in OVX-induced AT inflammation via upregulation of CD11c, resulting in metabolic perturbation. TNFRSF14 could be used as a therapeutic target for the treatment of postmenopausal syndrome by reducing AT inflammation.

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