THE EFFECT OF A NEEM (AZIDIRACHTA INDICA) BASED INSECTICIDE ON SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF JUVENILE WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY (RHAGOLETIS INDIFFERENS) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. vanRanden ◽  
B.D. Roitberg
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
Rhagoletis Indifferens ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

AbstractIn the laboratory a proprietary, neem-based insecticide formulation (NBI) was evaluated as a potential pest management tool for the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (WCFF). NBI was tested for its potential effects on survival and development of juvenile WCFF. Incorporation of NBI into an artificial larval diet resulted in a decrease in the formation of pupae and subsequent adult emergence. Late third instar larvae exposed to NBI in sand were able to form puparia; however, the numbers of adults and pupae developing inside the puparia were decreased at concentrations as low as 0.05% NBI. Well-timed root drenches with NBI could control R. indifferens by disrupting pupation. Applied in this manner, NBI may provide cherry orchardists with an effective, new control tactic.

Mortality of Different Life Stages of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) Exposed to the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wee L. Yee ◽  
Lawrence A. Lacey
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Rhagoletis Indifferens

Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin on the mortality of different life stages of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), were determined in laboratory tests. When teneral adults were exposed to fungal spores mixed in soil (7.63 × 105 and 1.61 × 106 spores/g) or applied to the surface of soil (1.14 × 106 and 2.28 × 106 spores/cm2) with 13 to 30% moisture, adult emergence was not reduced, but 14.9 to 68.0% of emerging adults were infected at death. When adult flies were exposed to various concentrations of dry spores inside vials, 15 mg (4.59 × 108 spores/10 flies) was the lowest needed for 100% mortality at 7 d post exposure, and resulted in 5.96 × 106 spores adhering to each fly. Females exposed to 1.80 mg (5.51 × 107 spores/10 flies) laid as many eggs as control females between 0 and 3 d post exposure, but due to mortality infected flies laid fewer eggs between 3 and 7 d. Third-instar larvae exposed to treated soil (9.63 × 104 to 4.81 × 106 spores/cm2) with 20% moisture were not infected.

A COMPUTERIZED PHENOLOGY MODEL FOR PREDICTING BIOLOGICAL EVENTS OF RHAGOLETIS INDIFFERENS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1101-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. AliNiazee
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Management Program ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Temperature Relationship ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
Rhagoletis Indifferens ◽  
Phenology Model

AbstractA phenology model based on a time–temperature relationship has been developed for the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran. The model predicts the occurrence of various biological events such as emergence levels, mating, oviposition, larval appearance, parasite activity, and pupation. These events are predicted as a function of summation of thermal units (TU) starting 1 March. For example, emergence begins at 462, oviposition at 541, hatch at 594, and pupation at 795 TU. The model was validated by actual field observations for a period of 3 years (1976–1978). Extended validation of first emergence was obtained from an entirely different cherry growing area, the Hood River Valley. The model could be a useful tool in integrated pest management program on cherries.

LABORATORY REARING OF THE WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY, RHAGOLETIS INDIFFERENS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE): OVIPOSITION AND LARVAL DIETS

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 1227-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. AliNiazee ◽  
R. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Rhagoletis Indifferens

AbstractIn a laboratory study, larvae of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, were successfully reared on an artificial diet consisting of wood pulp, agar, wheat germ, Brewer’s yeast, sugar, salt, choline chloride, ascorbic, citric and propionic acids, cholesterol, methyl para-hydroxybenzoate (MPH), and water. Ten other diets consisting of various ingredients obtained variable results. A premixed tropical fruit fly diet (prepared by Nutritional Biochemicals, Cleveland, Ohio) was not suitable for rearing the cherry maggots. Formaldehyde was not satisfactory as a mold inhibitor.The eggs were obtained on artificial cherries made up of a soft ceresin wax. No oviposition occurred on the other materials tested (candle wax, a regular ceresin wax, beeswax, and silicone). Significantly (5% level) more eggs were deposited on wax cherries of orange, green, and greenish-yellow colors than black, red, white and blue. A laboratory rearing method employing orange colored wax cherries and an artificial larval diet was established for culturing the western cherry fruit flies.

Comparison of Gel Larval Diet With Traditional Lucerne Chaff and Carrot Solid Diets for Rearing of Queensland Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2278-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishwo P Mainali ◽  
Tahereh Moadeli ◽  
Fleur Ponton ◽  
Phillip W Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
Quality Control Parameters ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Sterile insect technique (SIT) for Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni Froggatt, Australia’s most economically damaging fruit fly species, is currently undergoing a major renewal and expansion. SIT relies on efficient and economical mass-rearing procedures that produce high-quality flies. Two solid larval diets, carrot and lucerne chaff, have traditionally been used to rear Queensland fruit fly. Recently, a gel larval diet has been developed to eliminate biological bulking agents from the mass-rearing process, but to date, there has been no direct comparison of gel larval diet with traditional solid diets. In the present study, the performance of flies reared on gel larval diet was compared with the performance of flies reared on carrot and lucerne chaff diets. In addition, to investigate whether the performance of reared flies depends on ancestral diet as well as tested diet, we sourced eggs from a colony maintained on carrot diet and from a colony maintained on a lucerne chaff diet. Overall, the gel diet was as good or better than the solid diets in all quality control parameters, including, egg–larval duration, pupal number, pupal recovery, adult emergence, percentage of fliers, and rate of fliers. Of note, larvae developed faster and pupated more synchronously on the gel diet than on either of the solid diets. At the loading densities used, gel and carrot diets produced less waste than lucerne chaff diet. Gel diets offer a rearing solution for Queensland fruit fly that eliminates biological bulking agents and yields faster and more synchronous larval development without compromising productivity or quality.

scholarly journals Potential of a fly gut microbiota incorporated gel-based larval diet for rearing Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfuza Khan ◽  
Kajla Seheli ◽  
Md. Abdul Bari ◽  
Nahida Sultana ◽  
Shakil Ahmed Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Egg Hatching

Abstract Background The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an important polyphagous pest of horticultural produce. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a proven control method against many insect pests, including fruit flies, under area-wide pest management programs. High quality mass-rearing process and the cost-effective production of sterile target species are important for SIT. Irradiation is reported to cause severe damage to the symbiotic community structure in the mid gut of fruit fly species, impairing SIT success. However, studies have found that target-specific manipulation of insect gut bacteria can positively impact the overall fitness of SIT-specific insects. Results Twelve bacterial genera were isolated and identified from B. dorsalis eggs, third instars larval gut and adults gut. The bacterial genera were Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, and Stenotrophomonas, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Larval diet enrichment with the selected bacterial isolate, Proteus sp. was found to improve adult emergence, percentage of male, and survival under stress. However, no significant changes were recorded in B. dorsalis egg hatching, pupal yield, pupal weight, duration of the larval stage, or flight ability. Conclusions These findings support the hypothesis that gut bacterial isolates can be used in conjunction with SIT. The newly developed gel-based larval diet incorporated with Proteus sp. isolates can be used for large-scale mass rearing of B. dorsalis in the SIT program.

THE WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY, RHAGOLETIS INDIFFERENS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE): 1. DISTRIBUTION OF THE DIAPAUSING PUPAE IN THE SOIL

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (9) ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. AliNiazee
Keyword(s):  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Rhagoletis Indifferens

AbstractField studies conducted in cherry orchards of the Willamette Valley, Oregon, indicate that diapausing pupae of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, overwinter in the soil at a depth of 1–4 in. Relatively very small numbers of pupae were collected from surface debris and soil samples taken at a depth of 6 in. and below. The number of flies emerging from different soil depths indicated that removal of the top 6 in. of soil caused a 99% reduction in adult emergence, while the removal of the top 1 in. of soil had no effect.

scholarly journals Dispersal and spatiotemporal distribution of Protapion fulvipes in white clover fields: implications for pest management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Hederström ◽  
Franklin N. Nyabuga ◽  
Olle Anderbrant ◽  
Glenn P. Svensson ◽  
Maj Rundlöf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Clover Seed

AbstractYield loss caused by insect pests remains a substantial problem in agriculture. Chemical control, with potential negative effects on non-target organisms, is still the main tool for pest management. For pest species with limited dispersal capacity, rotation of the crop in time and space has potential as an alternative management measure. This is particularly important in organic farming, where most agrochemicals are prohibited, but also relevant as a complementary pest management strategy in conventional agriculture. Clover is an important crop used for animal feed and as green manure; however, seed-eating weevils can severely limit the seed yield. We hypothesized that the previous year’s clover seed fields constitute the major sources of weevil pests. Consequently, a greater distance to, and a smaller pest load from, this source should reduce the number of weevils colonizing the new seed fields. To map population dynamics and dispersal range of Protapion fulvipes, an economically important seed weevil specialized on white clover, we conducted field studies over four years in 45 white clover seed fields. We found that P. fulvipes overwinters close to its source field and disperses to new fields in early spring the following year. Pest abundance increased with pest load in the previous year’s seed field, but decreased by 68% per km distance to the previous year’s field. Thus, separation of seed production fields between years by 2–3 km would create a spatiotemporal pest management tool to reduce the pest infestation below the estimated economic injury level.

THE WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY, RHAGOLETIS INDIFFERENS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE): 3. DEVELOPING A MANAGEMENT PROGRAM BY UTILIZING ATTRACTANT TRAPS AS MONITORING DEVICES

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 1133-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. AliNiazee
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Carbonate ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Substantial Saving ◽  
Rhagoletis Indifferens ◽  
Monitoring Devices

AbstractAttractant traps, such as Pherocon ICPY®-MAGO trap and Pherocon®-AM Standard trap, were effective in monitoring emergence of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran. Among the aerial traps tested, ICPY-MAGO, Pherocon-AM Standard, and Saturn yellow colored rectangles and spheres were equally effective. The ammonium carbonate traps were significantly inferior. A management program that utilized aerial traps as monitoring devices reduced the amount of spraying from 20 to 100%, depending on the fly population in the orchard, and resulted in a substantial saving of spray costs.

Fruit Fly Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management in Dragon Fruit in Binh Thuan Province, Viet Nam

2019 ◽  
pp. 343-347
Author(s):  
Nguyen T.T. Hien ◽  
Vu T.T. Trang ◽  
Vu V. Thanh ◽  
Ha K. Lien ◽  
Dang Đ. Thang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Dragon Fruit
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