SUCROSE INGESTION BY ZEIRAPHERA CANADENSIS MUT. & FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) INCREASES LONGEVITY AND LIFETIME FECUNDITY BUT NOT OVIPOSITION RATE

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan L. Carroll ◽  
Dan T. Quiring
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Average Lifetime ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Lifetime Fecundity

AbstractIn the laboratory, the longevity and fecundity of female Zeiraphera canadensis Mut. & Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) given access to a 10% sucrose solution and water was greater than that of females provided only water. The presence or absence of sucrose did not affect oviposition rate during the first 10 days post-emergence, after which most females denied sucrose died. The enhanced fecundity of sucrose-fed females was due to their increased longevity and, hence, longer oviposition period. Greater longevity, combined with a decrease in oviposition rate and egg viability with age, resulted in a lower average lifetime oviposition rate and percentage viable egg production for females provided sucrose. Although carbohydrate ingestion resulted in increased fecundity and longevity in the laboratory, its effect in nature may be minimal because Z. canadensis usually does not live more than 10 days under field conditions.

REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE SPRUCE BUDMOTH, ZEIRAPHERA CANADENSIS MUT. & FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE: OLETHREUTINAE), IN NEW BRUNSWICK

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Turgeon ◽  
N. Nelson ◽  
E.G. Kettela
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Proper Timing ◽  
Total Fecundity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

AbstractStudies on the reproductive biology of the spruce budmoth, Zeiraphera canadensis Mut. & Free., were conducted in northern New Brunswick. Observations of adults under insectary conditions revealed that peak mating occurred around midnight, and that copulation lasted on average 4.3 h. The age of males and females at mating as well as their longevity is provided for both years. The pre-oviposition period was similar for both years, 6.1 and 6.3 days in 1984 and 1985, respectively. The oviposition period decreased from 6.1 days in 1984 to 4.4 days in 1985. The total fecundity was 32.9 eggs per female in 1984 and 21.8 eggs per female in 1985. The mean age-specific oviposition rate under 1984 field conditions is also presented. The importance of these results in determining the proper timing of adulticidal sprays against Z. canadensis is discussed.

Role of Ten Dietary Vitamins on Fecundity of the Parasitoid Exeristes comstockii (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 918-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Bracken
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Egg Viability

AbstractFeeding tests with the adults of Exeristes comstockii (Cress.) on chemically defined diets showed that, of ten B-vitamins omitted singly, only three, panthothenic acid, folic acid and thiamine, were needed for maximal egg production and maximal numbers of eggs contained in ovaries. Egg production on a diet with only these three vitamins was similar to that on a control with all B-vitamins, but egg viability was significantly lower. Addition of α-tocopherol did not increase fecundity or egg viability. Vitamin-starved females partly recovered ovarian function when fed tissues of Galleria mellonella L.

scholarly journals Hot summers, long life: egg laying strategies of Maniola butterflies are affected by geographic provenance rather than adult diet

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Grill ◽  
Andrea Cerny ◽  
Konrad Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Central European ◽  
Oviposition Strategy ◽  
Adult Diet

Maniola butterflies undergo summer dormancy in dry and hot habitats and deposit their eggs only in early autumn when conditions become more favourable for their offspring. Female individuals of this genus are therefore relatively long-lived. For long-lived butterflies adult diet is of particular importance. We tested if added amino acids in nectar substitute fed to the butterflies affected timing of oviposition, fecundity and longevity. A hundred Maniola females were sampled from Mediterranean and Central European populations and made to oviposit under controlled laboratory conditions. Forty individuals were offered sucrose solution with additional amino acids while the remainder were fed with plain sucrose solution. We found that egg-laying strategies and longevity depended on geographic provenance rather than diet. Supplementary amino acids in adult diet did neither prolong lifetime nor increase total egg production. Maniola females from Sardinia started to lay eggs at least 20 days later relative to Central European M. jurtina and lived three times as long. Mediterranean individuals had on average twice the length of reproductive period and lifespan relative to Central European ones, and individuals of Pannonian origin lived longer than Alpine butterflies. Average total egg numbers were 200-350 eggs per female and did not differ significantly between populations. The fact that oviposition strategy could not be altered through diet may indicate that for univoltine butterflies, like Maniola, diet-quality at the adult stage is less important than endogenous factors, or factors the butterflies are exposed to in an earlier developmental stage than the imago. Oviposition strategy closely matched the climatic conditions that prevail in the geographic regions where these butterflies fly.

Mating and Oviposition of Tingis ampliata H.-S. (Het. Tingidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Total Fecundity ◽  
Average Fecundity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Peak Phase

AbstractPeriod of mating varies annually from 46 to 65 days during April to late June or early May to July. Lacebugs mated at any time of day but peak of pairing tended to occur about afternoon at field temperatures around I5°C. Duration of mating and angle between the sexes varies between pairs. In 55 % of pairs, males were to the right of females with dorsal surface of tip of male abdomen in contact with ventral aspect of that of female. Eggs are usually laid singly but occasionally in groups of 2-6 in thistle leaves. Oviposition in stems may occur at high adult densities in the laboratory. About 78-99 % of total eggs were laid in primary leaves, others in leaflets of axillary buds. Eggs were predominantly laid in midribs and other veins. Tingis eggs were implanted to varying degrees or seldom unembedded in leaf mesophyll with extrusion of part of chorion beyond non-oviposition surface in thin leaves. Oviposition rhythm was positively correlated with daily rhythm of physical conditions especially temperature. Six-hourly oviposition rate, proportion of females laying, and number of eggs laid per female increased from minimum between 00.00 and 06.00 hours to a peak at 12.00 to 18.00 hours and declined afterwards. Rate of oviposition and average fecundity varied annually according to temperature differential between pre-peak oviposition period of different years. Oviposition rate increased with temperature (in I965 and I966) and age (in I965) during pre-peak phase; but it decreased with aging of bugs in the post-peak phase when temperature had insignificant effects. Total fecundity in the laboratory or field varies considerably between individual females. At I5 and 20°C constant temperature, average numbers of eggs laid per female were 20 and 6I, respectively. Oviposition in laboratory tended to be periodic and females die without completing oviposition. Oviposition period varies annually in the field from I0 to I2 weeks, usually from early May to late July. In the laboratory this period varied with individuals and temperature from about 5.2 weeks at I5°C to at least 7.6 weeks at 20°C.

EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON RHIZOGLYPHUS ECHINOPUS (FUMOUZE AND ROBIN) AND ALEUROGLYPHUS OVATUS (TROUPEAU) (ACARI: ACARIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Boczek ◽  
Dorota Jaminska ◽  
William A. Bruce ◽  
Robert Davis
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Higher Doses

Eggs, inert deutonymphs and young, virgin adults of Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze and Robin) and Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Troupeau) were treated with 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 krad of gamma radiation. Fecundity, egg viability, oviposition period, survival of developmental stages, and longevity of females were compared. Doses ≥ 40 krad completely inhibited egg development. Eggs of A. ovatus were more resistant to gamma radiation than those of R. echinopus. The effect of irradiation on the inert deutonymphs was more detrimental than it was on young adults. Effect of irradiation on the life span of females of both species was stimulatory at doses of up to 60 krad and inhibitory at higher doses. The oviposition period varied inversely with the irradiation dose. Irradiation with 5 krad caused, in both mite species, at least a 50% decrease in fecundity.

scholarly journals Comparative biology of two congeneric stinkbugs, Chinavia impicticornis and C. ubica (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleonor Cavalcante Alves Silva ◽  
Raul Alberto Laumann ◽  
Maria Carolina Blassioli Moraes ◽  
Michely Ferreira Santos de Aquino ◽  
Miguel Borges
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Comparative Biology ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Time Required

The objective of this work was to compare the biology of Chinavia impicticornis and C. ubica (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), two species of stinkbugs that occur as secondary pests in soybean. Life table procedures were used for evaluating nymphs, and fecundity tables for evaluating adults, in order to establish the demographics of the two species. The two species have similar demographic parameters, and the development of immature stages, from egg to adult, had similar duration periods of approximately 30 days. In both species, eggs and second-instar nymphs were the stages with higher mortality. Total egg production did not differ between females of both species. Fecundity and survival curves for adults showed similar trends in both species. However, C. ubica had greater potential to increase its populations, since its fecundity parameters were significantly higher than those of C. impicticornis. Moreover, the generational time and the time required to double the population size were shorter in C. ubica. Prolonged longevity, long oviposition period, high fecundity, and the ability to rapidly increase their populations indicate that both species can become potential pests in favorable environments.

scholarly journals The Oviposition Responses of Calandra Granaria Linn

1943 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
L. E. S. EASTHAM ◽  
SHELIA B. McCULLY
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
Low Rate

1. The oviposition responses of Calandra granaria as manifested by the rate of oviposition, total eggs laid, length of life, length of life, length of ovipository life and length of preoviposition period, have been investigated under controlled conditions of temperature and saturation deficiency of air, grain having been acclimatized in its water content to the relative humidity of the air. 2. Calandra lives for a shorter time under high than under low temperatures but lays eggs at a greater rate, thus compensating for the shorter life. 3. There is evidence for the existence of an optimum saturation deficiency at each temperature for oviposition rate. 4. Weevils are shorter lived at high saturation deficiencies than they are at low. 5. The total number of eggs laid by weevils is smaller at high than at low saturation deficiencies of air. 6. Water content of the food grain contributes to these results in that dry food is conducive to low rate of oviposition, low total egg production and shorter life.

The Relationship Between Nutrition, Hormones and Reproduction in the Blowfly Calliphora Erythrocephala (Meig.)

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-235
Author(s):  
J. STRANGWAYS-DIXON
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Yolk Formation ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Protein Ingestion ◽  
The Relationship

1. Calliphora erythrocephala females will live on a sugar diet but will not reproduce unless protein-containing substances are also ingested. If fed protein without carbohydrate, they die. 2. Isolated females were allowed to select from a carbohydrate (sucrose) solution and from a protein-containing solution (Marmite yeast extract in milk) which were contained in identical capillary tubes. The total volume of food ingested each day over a complete reproductive cycle was found to be fairly constant. Within this total, however, ‘protein’ and carbohydrate were selected in quantities which varied with different phases of the reproductive cycle. Thus during the early stages of egg growth, ‘protein’ was ingested in relatively large quantities, while during yolk formation ‘protein’ ingestion declined. Carbohydrate consumption, on the other hand, was relatively low during the early stages but increased during yolk formation. At oviposition the cycles started again. 3. Carbohydrate ingestion of non-reproducing females (fed on sugar solution only) remained at a constantly low level. 4. Selective feeding did not appear to be influenced by mating. 5. Females were found to accept courting males on the day of the first oviposition but not before. This, of course, necessitated a mixed diet of carbohydrate and ‘protein’.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON LONGEVITY, FECUNDITY, AND RATE OF INCREASE OF THE MITE TYROPHAGUS PUTRESCENTIAE (SCHRANK) (ACARINA: ACARIDAE) REARED ON MOLD CULTURES

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Adult females of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank), a mite that infests stored food products, were reared individually on mold cultures at all combinations of five temperatures and four humidities. A definite diminution in life usually occurred with increase in either temperature or humidity, and the oviposition period was the most affected. Total egg-production and rate of laying were highest at 72.5° F and 90% R.H., and both generally decreased with an increase in temperature or decrease in humidity from these values. Peak of egg-laying, however, was reached sooner at higher temperatures but egg-production was maintained at relatively high levels for shorter periods. Rate of increase was greatest and approximately the same at 90% R.H. within the range 72.5° to 81.5° F.

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