INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON LONGEVITY, FECUNDITY, AND RATE OF INCREASE OF THE MITE TYROPHAGUS PUTRESCENTIAE (SCHRANK) (ACARINA: ACARIDAE) REARED ON MOLD CULTURES

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Adult females of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank), a mite that infests stored food products, were reared individually on mold cultures at all combinations of five temperatures and four humidities. A definite diminution in life usually occurred with increase in either temperature or humidity, and the oviposition period was the most affected. Total egg-production and rate of laying were highest at 72.5° F and 90% R.H., and both generally decreased with an increase in temperature or decrease in humidity from these values. Peak of egg-laying, however, was reached sooner at higher temperatures but egg-production was maintained at relatively high levels for shorter periods. Rate of increase was greatest and approximately the same at 90% R.H. within the range 72.5° to 81.5° F.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON MORTALITY AND RATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF IMMATURE STAGES OF THE MITE TYROPHAGUS PUTRESCENTIAE (SCHRANK) (ACARINA: ACARIDAE) REARED ON MOLD CULTURES

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Two Factors

Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank), a mite that infests stored food products, was reared individually on mold cultures at all combinations of five temperatures and four humidities. Mortality during immature stages was lowest at 72.5° F and 80% to 90% R.H. Development was usually accelerated by an increase in either of these two factors. Temperature and humidity had a direct influence on mortality and rate of development, but humidity also had an indirect effect by affecting the mold on which the mite feeds. Adults obtained at 70% R.H. were usually relatively small in size. Sex ratio of the adults was approximately one to one; the males developed faster than the females.

INFLUENCE OF HUMIDITY ON THE PREDACEOUS MITE MELICHARES DENTRITICUS (BERLESE) (ACARINA : ACEOSEJIDAE)

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Food Product ◽  
Prey Population ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Predator Population ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Predaceous Mite

The predaceous mite Melichares dentriticus (Berlese) was reared individually on larvae and protonymphs of the stored food product mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) at 68.0° F and 70, 80, 90, and 100% R.H. Survival and speed of development of the immature stages increased slightly with the humidity. Longevity of adult females was similar at different humidities, though the oviposition period was much shorter at 70% R.H. More eggs were laid at 100% R.H., but then the peak of laying occurred later in the oviposition period. The rate of increase of the predator population was altered very little by different humidities in comparison with that of the prey population and thus, assuming that these rates are an accurate guide to the outcome of the interaction, the population of the prey should be better controlled at lower humidities.

Oviposition biology of Pissodes strobi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on white pine (Pinaceae) under laboratory conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Trudel ◽  
Robert Lavallée ◽  
Éric Bauce
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Female Fecundity ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Pine Weevils ◽  
Old Females ◽  
White Pine Weevil

AbstractStudies were conducted to document the oviposition biology of female white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi Peck. Data were recorded on female fecundity and daily feeding and oviposition activities. In addition, we compared fecundity of 1- and 2-year-old females. Female white pine weevils laid a mean ± SE total number of 132.3 ± 7.5 eggs (range 40–344 eggs) during an average oviposition period of 5.8 ± 0.4 weeks. It is during the first 5 weeks that white pine weevils lay the most eggs, with an egg-laying peak in the second week of the oviposition period. For a few females, egg production did not cease until the 22nd week. There was no difference between the number of eggs laid in the photophase and in the scotophase, but higher numbers of feeding punctures were observed during the night than during the day. The oviposition and feeding results for 2-year-old female white pine weevils were similar to those for 1-year-old females. This information contributes to the management of white pine weevils by providing a better understanding of some of the mechanisms of its population dynamics.

QUANTITATIVE GENETICS OF FERTILITY. III. A NEW MODEL FOR INTERSTRAIN LIFETIME EGG PRODUCTION COMPARISONS

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Fitz-Earle
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Linear Least Squares ◽  
New Model ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Males And Females

A new model for use in theoretical and practical studies of egg production is derived: N(t) = (1−e−ξ(t–to))e−α(t–tq), where N(t) is the number of eggs laid on day t; ξ is the rate of increase in egg production; α is the rate of decrease in egg production; to is the day of initiation of egg-laying; tq is the day of cessation of egg-laying. Egg production curves for Drosophila melanogaster strains were fitted using non-linear least squares regression analyses such that all parameters in the model and their errors were generated simultaneously. The goodness-of-fit of the model to the observed data was precise. The experimental evidence showed that parameters α and tq were basically describing the genetic components of egg production in females whereas parameters ξ and to exhibited additional components, the interactions between males and females. Expressions derived from the model, tmax, the time of maximum production, N(tmax), the maximum production at this time and T(to,tq), the production over lifetime, gave results consistent with the observations.

Effect of temperature and humidity on Trogoderma anthrenoides (Sharp)(Coleoptera, Dermestidae) and comparisons with related species

1964 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Burges ◽  
M. E. Cammell
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
A Minor

The egg production and development of Trogoderma anthrenoides (Sharp) has been studied over a range of temperatures from 17·5 to 37·5°C. and in relative humidities of 70 per cent, and near 0 per cent.At 70 per cent. R.H., the minimal temperature for development was between 17·5 and 20°C. and the maximum between 35 and 37·5°C. Adult females, which apparently required no food, lived on average 18 days at 37·5°C., this period increasing with falling temperature to 146 days at 17·5°C. The greatest number of eggs, a mean of 54 per female present, were laid at 27·5°C. The quickest development occurred at 35°C., females taking a mean of 44.7 days (egg 6; larva 34·3; pupa 4·4). Male larvae developed slightly faster and male adults died a little earlier than females.Near-zero humidity shortened adult life, reduced egg production and prevented the development of larvae.Some larvae entered a condition that is probably a facultative diapause resembling that of T. parabile Beal. The diapause was terminated by an increase in volume of food combined with a change of temperature.The biology of T. anthrcnoides resembles that of two minor pests, T. parabile and T. inclusum Lee., more than that of the important pest T. granarium Everts. The first two species show no signs of becoming serious pests. It is concluded that T. anthrcnoides probably has the potential only of a minor pest.

In vitro studies on the environmental biology of Goiodes colchici (Denny) (Mallophaga : Ischnocera) I. The effects of temperature and humidity on the bionomics of G. colchici

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
RT Williams
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Environmental Biology ◽  
Chill Coma ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
High Level ◽  
Body Lice

Pheasant body lice, G. colchici, were exposed to various conditions of temperature and humidity, and the consequent variations in adult longevity, egg production, fecundity, and egg resorption recorded. Temperatures in the 30-40C range were found to be essential for normal existence. Above this, animals died within 48 hr. Below this, irrespective of humidity, chill-coma supervened, survival was curtailed, and no eggs were laid. At 30�C, survival was maximal, but few eggs were laid. Due to a high level of fecundity, egg production was maximal at 35C at a high humidity, and survival equalled that at 30C. Levels of fecundity, egg-laying, and survival dropped as the humidity fell, and also as the temperature increased or decreased about 35C. It is evident that survival, fecundity, egg production, and egg-laying are closely geared to temperature and humidity.

Development of Cheyletus malaccensis (Acari: Cheyletidae) feeding on mite species found in commercial poultry systems: Megninia ginglymura (Acari: Analgidae) and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Acaridae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Granich ◽  
Tamara Bianca Horn ◽  
Júlia Horn Körbes ◽  
Maicon Toldi ◽  
Guilherme Liberato Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Cheyletus Malaccensis

Intensive egg production affects the welfare of confined laying hens, which increases the risk of epidemics. Ectoparasitic hematophagous mites and saprophagous feather mites cause low productivity and decreased egg quality. This study aimed to compare the biology of Cheyletus malaccensis (Oudemans) (Prostigmata: Cheyletidae) feeding on the prey Megninia ginglymura (Mégnin) (Astigmata: Analgidae) and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Astigmata: Acaridae) in order to support the potential use of this predator in biological control strategies in the poultry industry. The study started with 30 eggs of C. malaccensis, isolated in experimental units, which developed into their different stages while feeding on the feather mite M. ginglymura and the stored product mite T. putrescentiae at 25±1ºC, 80±5% relative humidity and 12-hour photoperiod. Immature stages were evaluated three times a day and the adult stage once a day. Adult females were unmated. Cheyletus malaccensis feeding on M. ginglymura resulted in a higher fertility rate, with 310.7±45.8 eggs/female, than with T. putrescentiae as prey, with 32.7±4.5 eggs/female. Furthermore, the oviposition period was higher feeding on M. ginglymura, 53.0±6.3 days, than on T. putrescentiae, 12.6±1.9 days. The net reproductive rate (Ro), the innate capacity for increase (rm), the mean generation time (T) and the finite rate of increase (λ) were higher for the generation fed on M. ginglymura. Cheyletus malaccensis is a likely natural enemy of M. ginglymura, and it is able to develop and reproduce while feeding exclusively on it. 

Probiotics in the diets of laying quails

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
O. Merzlyakova ◽  
V. Rogachyev ◽  
V. Chegodaev
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
The Cost

The efficiency of introducing probiotics based on strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and their consortium in the amount of 150 g/t of feed into the diets of laying quails has been studied. The experiment lasting 182 days has been carried out on four groups of quails with 30 heads in each. The quails have been housed in the broiler battery in compliance with the required microclimate conditions. Quails of all groups have been received the main diet (compound feed) developed taking into account their age and physiological characteristics. The quails of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups in addition to the main diet received probiotics (150 g/t compound feed) based on strains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and their consortium, respectively. It has been found that feeding the laying quails of the consortium of strains Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis had the most significant positive impact on their productive performance, it allowed to increase egg production by 7,81 %, egg laying intensity by 5,0 %, egg mass yield by 9,77 %, while reducing feed expenditures for 10 eggs by 13,35 %. The yield of hatching eggs has been increased by 7,03 %, hatchability of chickens from laid and fertilized eggs by 8,33 and 8,35 %, brooding waste decreased by 21,74 %. Hematological parameters of quails during the whole experiment were within the physiological norm. The economic effect calculated on the basis of data on the cost of compound feed, probiotics and the cost of sold eggs of quail laying was 14,56 % in the 3rd experimental group (in relation to the control group).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document