PREDATION ON ADULTS OF THE CRUCIFER FLEA BEETLE, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (GOEZE), BY THE NORTHERN FALL FIELD CRICKET, GRYLLUS PENNSYLVANICUS BURMEISTER (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE)

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Burgess ◽  
C.F. Hinks
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Gryllus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Disposable Plastic

Predation on adults of the crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), by the northern fall field cricket, Gryllus pennsylvanicus Burmeister, was recorded in laboratory tests to identify predators of flea beetles that attack canola and mustard crops. In these tests, four field-collected adult crickets all ate live adult P. icruciferae, as did 15 of 16 lateinstar cricket nymphs. The tests were carried out in 60 by 20 mm disposable plastic Petri dishes, with a stoppered hole to facilitate introduction of flea beetles. A filter paper liner in the bottom of the dish gave the insects a firm footing.

Bioassay for assessing resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana L. (Heynh.) to the adult crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca H. Hallett ◽  
Heather Ray ◽  
Jennifer Holowachuk ◽  
Juliana J. Soroka ◽  
Margaret Y. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle

A bioassay arena and a laboratory screening protocol were developed for assessing lines of Arabidopsis thaliana L. (Heynh.) for feeding damage by the adult crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze). The arena consists of a 96-well microtitre plate with a modified top to contain flea beetles and allow ventilation. Eight lines of A. thaliana, arranged in an 8 × 8 Latin square design, were screened simultaneously in each arena using 50 starved flea beetles. Two cotyledons and the first pair of true leaves per plant were rated visually under a dissecting microscope using a visual damage rating scale. The protocol was used to screen 29 wild ecotypes, eight mutant lines and a single transgenic line of A. thaliana. Discrimination between both cotyledon and leaf tissue was apparent for young beetles that were both non-reproductive or reproductive, but not for old reproductive beetles. Differences were observed between Asian and European ecotypes of A. thaliana, suggesting that geographic origin may play a role in susceptibility of Arabidopsis ecotypes to flea beetle feeding. The transparent testa regulatory gene mutants (lines 82, 111, 164) were most susceptible to flea beetle feeding, possibly indicating a role for anthocyanins and/or flavonoids in governing flea beetle susceptibility. Significant variation in damage levels indicates that expression of flea beetle resistance in the A rabidopsis genome is plastic, and that potential exists to use the wide array of publicly available Arabidopsis germplasm as tools in the transfer of resistance to agronomically important host plants. Key words: Seedling bioassay, Arabidopsis thaliana, wild ecotypes and mutants, crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae, host plant resistance

FEEDING PREFERENCES OF PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) FOR WILTED AND NONWILTED CRUCIFER SEEDLINGS

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
F. Matheson ◽  
R.J. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Thlaspi Arvense ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle

Water stress, especially wilting, can increase the susceptibility of plants to herbivory by insects (Holtzer et al. 1988). Insects as diverse as locusts and leaf-cutting ants prefer wilted foliage (Bernays and Lewis 1986; Vasconcelos and Cherrett 1996). Palaniswamy et al. (1997) observed that the crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), fed on excised and wilted foliage of Thlaspi arvense L. (Cruciferae) but not on intact and turgid foliage. If water stress can make unpalatable plants more palatable, identifying robust resistance to pests such as flea beetles will be difficult. The purpose of this study was to determine whether wilting affects feeding by the crucifer flea beetle and in particular if wilting differentially affects feeding on preferred and nonpreferred plants.

Laboratory studies of the toxicity of spinosad and deltamethrin to Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Elliott ◽  
M.C. Benjamin ◽  
C. Gillott
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle ◽  
Delayed Mortality

AbstractLaboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the contact and oral toxicity of commercial formulations of spinosad and deltamethrin to adults of the crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze). Method of exposure had a significant effect on flea beetle mortality and feeding damage to canola seedlings. Topical treatment of flea beetles with deltamethrin or different concentrations of spinosad resulted in significantly lower mortality and higher feeding damage than exposure to treated canola cotyledons. Results indicated that spinosad was more toxic by ingestion than by topical contact. Mortality from treated cotyledons was significantly higher with 60 ppm deltamethrin than with 80 or 120 ppm spinosad after 24 h exposure but not after 120 h exposure. Delayed mortality in the spinosad treatments did not result in high feeding damage; damage after 120 h was not significantly different in the spinosad and deltamethrin treatments. Low concentrations of spinosad (40 ppm) strongly inhibited feeding activity within 24 h after exposure. Mortality from spinosad was higher after beetles were exposed to treated cotyledons for 120 h than for 24 h. Mortality from spinosad, but not deltamethrin, was significantly higher at 25 °C than at 15 °C. An ionic surfactant, polyethylenimine, increased the toxicity of 40 ppm spinosad. Our study suggests that spinosad has potential for use as an insecticide against crucifer flea beetles on canola.

RESISTANCE TO THE FLEA BEETLE PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) IN FALSE FLAX, CAMELINA SATIVA (BRASSICACEAE)

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palaniswamy Pachagounder ◽  
Robert J. Lamb ◽  
Robert P. Bodnaryk
Keyword(s):  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
False Flax ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
High Level

AbstractFeeding damage by the crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), was assessed on 51 accessions of false flax, Camelina sativa L., and compared with damage to seven other crucifer species. Three experiments were conducted on seedlings in laboratory arenas infested with field-collected beetles. Feeding damage was estimated visually at daily intervals for up to 7 days. Natural infestation of false flax and other crucifers was observed in the field. Flea beetles fed little (0–10% consumption) on cotyledons or true leaves of any of the false flax accessions, and fed more (59–100% consumption) on the other crucifers. Flea beetles were observed sitting on false flax in the field, sometimes in high numbers, but they did not feed. In the laboratory, beetles eventually fed on cotyledons and leaves and once feeding was initiated, it tended to continue. Resistance in false flax may result from the absence of cues that initiate feeding, rather than a feeding deterrent. The high level of resistance in false flax would likely be economically beneficial if this species is developed as an oilseed crop. False flax could also be useful experimentally for identifying the cues that attract flea beetles to plants and stimulate their feeding.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE TO INSECTICIDES BY THE CRUCIFER FLEA BEETLE, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (GOEZE)

1994 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 1369-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.J. Turnock ◽  
S.A. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Spray Tower ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle

AbstractThe contact toxicities of 11 insecticides were determined with a Potter spray tower using adults of crucifer flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) collected from three locations over a 3-year period. Flea beetles collected from an experimental farm at London, Ontario, where no insecticides had been used, were compared with those from canola-growing areas near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, and Winnipeg, Manitoba. Lindane, in a seed dressing, is widely used in both Saskatchewan and Manitoba whereas carbofuran, as in-furrow granules, has been more heavily used in Manitoba than in Saskatchewan. The flea beetles from Winnipeg were significantly less susceptible to all three carbamates tested (carbofuran, carbaryl, oxamyl) than those from Saskatoon or London. Both the Winnipeg and Saskatoon flea beetles were significantly less susceptible to methamidophos than the London population but not to the other organophosphates, the organochlorine (endosulfan), or the pyrethroids that were tested. These differences may indicate resistance in the Manitoba population, but this low level would not affect the efficacy of the currently recommended insecticides. The results emphasize the need to develop control strategies that will minimize the chances that the level of resistance will increase.

FEEDING PREFERENCES OF A FLEA BEETLE, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), AMONG WILD CRUCIFERS

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palaniswamy Pachagounder ◽  
Robert J. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
North America ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle

The crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), feeds primarily on plants in the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) (Feeny et al. 1970). Introduced from Europe, it is now a widespread pest of canola, Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L., in North America (Lamb and Turnock 1982; Weiss et al. 1991). Before canola occupied so much crop land in western Canada, flea beetles were present and presumably fed mostly on wild crucifers. These native and weedy crucifers are potential sources of resistance genes that might be transferred to canola. We examine feeding preferences of flea beetles among nine wild crucifers (Table 1) to determine which, if any, are avoided. The suitability of these plants has already been examined for another crucifer-feeding chrysomelid, the red turnip beetle, Entomoscelis americana Brown (Gerber and Obadofin 1981; Gerber 1984), and the feeding responses of the beetles are compared.

scholarly journals Potential biopesticides for crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) management under dryland canola production in Montana

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabeg Singh Briar ◽  
Frank Antwi ◽  
Govinda Shrestha ◽  
Anamika Sharma ◽  
Gadi V. P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle

A SELECTION OF OILSEED RAPE, BRASSICA RAPA L., WITH RESISTANCE TO FLEA BEETLES, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (GOEZE) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Lamb ◽  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
K.A. Pivnick ◽  
M.A.H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Cotyledon Stage ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Incomplete Resistance ◽  
Beetle Damage ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractFive cycles of single-plant and progeny-row selection in lines derived from Brassica rapa L. "Tobin" were used to identify plants with incomplete resistance to flea beetles, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze). This line, called C8711, had higher survival, grew larger, and yielded more seed than Tobin when the two lines were compared in field plots at Glenlea, Manitoba, unprotected by insecticide. C8711 without insecticide yielded more seed than Tobin treated with a lindane seed dressing, but less than Tobin treated with carbofuran granules. With carbofuran, which prevents most flea beetle damage, the yield of C8711 was 35% higher than for Tobin. At Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, the differences between C8711 and Tobin were not statistically significant, although the trends were similar to those at Glenlea. C8711 was late maturing, produced small seed, and was not of canola quality. The resistance in C8711 is attributed to a low level of antixenosis, rapid growth at the cotyledon stage, and tolerance to damage during the first 3–4 weeks of growth.

OBSERVATIONS ON DISTRIBUTION, SEASONAL LIFE HISTORY, AND ABUNDANCE OF FLEA BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) THAT INFEST RAPE CROPS IN MANITOBA

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 1345-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Phyllotreta Striolata ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
History Of

AbstractPhyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) was usually the most abundant flea beetle on crops of Argentine rape, Brassica napus L., in Manitoba, followed in order by Phyllotreta striolata (F.) and Psylliodes punctulata Melsh. These three species and small numbers of Phyllotreta bipustulata (F.) were present on volunteer rape in the spring. A few specimens of a fifth rape-eating species, Phyllotreta robusta Lee, were trapped in April after hibernating. The three main species were recorded in all 16 localities in which samples of flea beetles on rape crops and/or volunteer rape were collected. Details of seasonal life history of each species are presented, as well as data on the abundance of the three main species throughout the year on rape crops, in overwintering habitats and on volunteer rape in spring. The relative abundance of P. cruciferae, P. striolata, and Ps. punctulata in different rape-growing areas of Manitoba is discussed.

scholarly journals Flea Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations, Effects of Feeding Injury, and Efficacy of Insecticide Treatments on Eggplant and Cabbage in Southwest Virginia

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 887-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mason ◽  
Adam Michael Alford ◽  
Thomas Patrick Kuhar
Keyword(s):  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Phyllotreta Striolata ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Flea beetles, are common pests of cabbage Brassica oleracea L. (Brassicales: Brassicaceae) and eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanales: Solanaceae), but little is known about the flea beetle populations in Virginia, their impact on yield, or the most effective control methods. This research investigates flea beetle populations and the impact of their feeding injury on cabbage and eggplant in Southwest Virginia and determines the most efficacious control methods. In Whitethorne, VA, cabbage and eggplant crops were vacuum sampled weekly throughout two summers (2015, 2016). Crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata Fabr. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were found on cabbage; whereas, eggplant flea beetle, Epitrix fucula (Crotch) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and the tobacco flea beetle, Epitrix hirtipennis (Melsheimer) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were found on eggplant. To evaluate the impact of flea beetle feeding on these plants flea beetle densities and defoliation were assessed weekly and individual plant, as well as whole plot yields, assessed at harvest. For cabbage, significant yield reductions were observed between 1 and 20% and >60% defoliation. Similarly, significant yield reductions were observed between 41 and 60% and >60% defoliation for eggplant. The efficacy of various insecticides was also evaluated. Soil application of the systemic neonicotinoid dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and the foliar-applied bifenthrin resulted in the fewest beetles, the least amount of leaf defoliation, and the highest yield in cabbage and eggplant. This research helps vegetable growers to better understand the severity of these pests and how to effectively combat them.

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