A STRAIN OF FRUITTREE LEAFROLLER, ARCHIPS ARGYROSPILUS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), TOLERANT TO AZINPHOS-METHYL IN AN APPLE ORCHARD REGION OF THE OKANAGAN VALLEY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Vakenti ◽  
C. J. Campbell ◽  
H. F. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Control Material ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Archips Argyrospilus

AbstractProbit analysis of the dosage response of first instar, fruittree leafroller larvae to azinphos-methyl indicated that a strain from a commercial orchard in East Kelowna, B.C. was 7.8 times more tolerant than a susceptible strain. Azinphos-methyl applied to experimental apple blocks in the same area did not provide satisfactory control. Leafroller damage as high as 10.5% was found in several orchards which had received multiple azinphos-methyl and other organophosphorous insecticide treatments. The development of an organophosphorous resistant strain of fruittree leafroller in this orchard area is strongly suggested. Bacillus thuringiensis applied at the pink stage of apple blossom development gave adequate control of fruittree leafroller in East Kelowna field trials and will be suggested as the control material for commercial orchards in this area.

PEST MANAGEMENT: CONTROL OF ARCHIPS ARGYROSPILUS AND ARCHIPS ROSANUS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) ON APPLE

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold F. Madsen ◽  
S. A. Potter ◽  
F. E. Peters
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Larval Emergence ◽  
Archips Argyrospilus

AbstractTwo leafroller spades are major pests of apple in British Columbia, Archips argyrospilus (Walker) and Archips rosanus (Linnaeus). Field observations showed that both species overwinter in the egg stage and that larval emergence times are similar. Experiments demonstrated that both species are susceptible to sprays of azinphos-methyl, diazinon, or trichlorfon applied at either the pink bud or petal fall stages. Dipel (Bacillus thuringiensis) failed to control larvae of either species.

TOXICITY OF INSECTICIDES TO FIRST-INSTAR LARVAE OF THE SPRUCE BUDMOTH, ZEIRAPHERA CANADENSIS MUT. AND FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE): LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDIES

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.V. Helson ◽  
P. de Groot ◽  
J.J. Turgeon ◽  
E.G. Kettela
Keyword(s):  
Residual Activity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Residual Effectiveness

AbstractLaboratory tests with selected carbamate, organophosphorus, and pyrethroid insecticides demonstrated that the pyrethroid permethrin has the best potential for controlling newly hatched larvae of Zeiraphera canadensis Mut. and Free. Permethrin possessed high crawling contact toxicity (toxicity of insecticide deposits on foliage when contacted by crawling larvae) and direct contact toxicity to first-instar larvae and exhibited long residual effectiveness on potted, white spruce trees. Chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, mexacarbate, and methomyl had high crawling contact toxicity but short residual activity. Azinphos-methyl appeared to possess long residual effectiveness but relatively low crawling contact toxicity. Aminocarb and thiodicarb exhibited short residual effectiveness and relatively low toxicity. In field trials, an aerial application of permethrin (70 g/ha) at egg hatch resulted in an 81% population reduction and limited the destruction of tree leaders to 9%. Leader destruction was greater than 19% after treatments of permethrin at 35 g AI/ha or aminocarb at 180 g AI/ha or aminocarb twice at 90 g AI/ha. Leader destruction in an untreated plantation was 51%.

CONTROL OF DASYSTOMA SALICELLUM, A NEW PEST OF BLUEBERRIES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Raine
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wild Hosts ◽  
New Pest ◽  
Methods Of Control

A leafroller, Dasystoma salicellum Hbn. (Lepidoptera:Oecophoridae), recorded on this continent only from Lulu Island, B.C., in 1955, became a pest m 1962 when the larvae were found infesting the early berries, and mechanical pickers dislodged large numbers into the crates. This univoltine, phytophagous, photopositive insect overwinters as the pupa in the litter under the bushes. Flightless females emerge in mid-March, mate, and lay eggs under the blossom scales and loose bark of the canes. The eggs hatch in 2 weeks beginning in mid-May and the larvae destroy flower buds, invade or scar the berries, and sometimes defoliate the bushes.Preblossom sprays were not effective because plots were reinfested by first-instar larvae blown in from wild hosts nearby. Single postblossom sprays of phosphamidon, TDE, mevinphos, malathion, carbaryl, and Perthane and three sprays of Thuricide (Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner) were all effective. Malathion is recommended. Several non-chemical methods of control are discussed.

SUPPRESSION OF CODLING MOTH, LASPEYRESIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE), BY RELEASE OF STERILE AND PARTIALLY STERILE MOTHS

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 1095-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Proverbs ◽  
J.R. Newton ◽  
D.M. Logan
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella ◽  
Insecticide Sprays ◽  
Apple Fruits ◽  
Made In

AbstractBecause laboratory and field cage experiments had shown that partially sterile (25 krad dose) male codling moths were sexually more competitive than sterile (40 krad) ones, a study was made in a British Columbia orchard in 1970 to determine whether release of 25 krad moths of mixed sexes would suppress this pest more effectively than release of 40 krad moths. Approximately 75,000 moths/ha were released from 24 April to 25 September for each dose level. In the 25 krad moth release plot, the percentage of apple fruits damaged by this pest at harvest was reduced from 0.21 in 1969 to 0.08 in 1970, whereas in the 40 krad plot damage was reduced from 0.04 in 1969 to 0.02 in 1970.Release of 25 krad moths was also compared with insecticide sprays for codling moth suppression in two small areas at Cawston and Olalla, B.C. At Cawston, the percentage of apples damaged at harvest was reduced from 1.0 in 1969, after three sprays of phosalone, to 0.1 in 1970 after release of irradiated insects. In contrast, per cent damage in a nearby apple orchard, sprayed twice with azinphos-methyl in 1969 and 1970, increased from 2.0 in 1969 to 8.1 in 1970. At Olalla, per cent damage was about the same (0.5) in 1969, after three phosalone sprays, as in 1970 (0.6) after release of irradiated insects. In a neighboring apple orchard, sprayed twice with phosalone in 1969 and 1970, per cent damage was about the same (1.0–1.2) each year.

Chemical control of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zell.), in Rhodesia

1967 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret E. Richardson ◽  
D. J. W. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Phthorimaea Operculella ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Made In

An account is given of the history of chemical control Phthorimaea operculella (Zell.) in potato fields in Rhodesia since the introduction of DDt prior to 1952. The failure of DDT and endrin, in routine spraying, to control field infestations is reproted, and some evidence that this is due to insecticide resistance is given. The results of critical field trials made in 1961, 1964 and 1965 to evaluate a range of insecticides for control of P. operculella and for their effects on populations of Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thos.) are presented, together with the results of some laboratory tests. Good control of P. operculella in the field was obtained with sprays of azinphos-methyl at the rate of 0.5 lb active ingredient in 20 gal. water per acre, and two new compounds, methidathion and chlorfenvinphos, showed promise for the future.

Efficacy of some chemical insecticides and plant extracts combined with Bacillus thuringiensis against Phthorimaea operculella

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Khorrami ◽  
Asmar Soleymanzade
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Phthorimaea Operculella ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
The World ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions

Abstract Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller, 1873) is one of the most damaging pests of potatoes in the world. Since the chemical pesticides play a key role in managing of potato tuber moth (PTM), the present study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Proteus®, Takumi®, Avaunt®, Dorsban®, Decis®, Consult® and Vertimec® against neonate larval penetration and one-day-old eggs of P. operculella. But adverse effects of chemical insecticides, actuated researchers to seek secure tools such as medicinal plants and biopesticides like Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, 1715 for pest managements. Hence, we also examined toxicity of savory, ziziphora and cumin methanolic extracts against the pest under laboratory conditions. We also surveyed the synergistic/antagonistic interactions between the most effective insecticide and methanolic extract with Bt against PTM. Our results showed that both Vertimec® and savory synergized the performance of Bt against neonate larval penetration of P. operculella. Probit analysis of insecticides and methanolic extracts demonstrated that Vertimec® and Takumi® had high toxicities to the neonate larval penetration of PTM which exhibited LC50 values equivalent to 7.09 ppm and 0.008 g L−1, respectively. Savory was the most effective extract against larval penetration and hatching rate of the pest (LC50 = 440.36 and 635.93 ppm, respectively). Oviposition preference demonstrated that Vertimec® and Decis® exhibited inhibitory ovipositional effects against P. operculella.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) isolates on fig moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) Larvae

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 943-951
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Ephestia Cautella ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Paper Method

The following dilution 5×10-1, 10-1, 10?2 , 10-3 gm/L for the indigenous isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria and the commercially isalate were used for experiments against the different stages of fig moth of E.cautella which exposed by filter paper method. The results showed that mortality of larval stages was increased with the increasing concentration of the biocide, in addition to increase in the mortality of the larval stages reached to the highest percentage in the third days of treatment of the larval stage in comparison with the first and second days of exposure. The results also showed that the sensitivity of larval stages was increased in first and second instars while reduced in the last instars .The high percentage of first instar mortality for the indigenous isolate in the concentration of 5×10-1 was 72.8% , while the low percentage of mortality showed in the concentration of 5×10-1 for the fifth instar larvae which was 13.3% in third days of treatment while a high percentage of mortality was showed for the first instar larvae for the commercially isulate in the concentration of 5×10-1 was 59.4% Furthermore, low percentage of mortality was shown in the concentration of 5×10-1 in fifth instar larval which was 8.3% in the third days of treatment. The results also showed that the indigenous isolated was more effective than the commercially produced bacteria for killing larval instars of fig moth E.cautella .The total percentage of larval instar mortality reached to 44.5 % after the third days of treatment in concentration 5×10-1 in the indigenous isolate , and it was 33.8 % in the commercially produced bacteria .

scholarly journals Apple, Control of the Obliquebanded Leafroller with Bacillus Thuringiensis Products in Summer, 1993

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
J. F. Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Obliquebanded Leafroller

Abstract Different B. thuringiensis products were evaluated for their ability to control OBLR larvae of the summer generation. The test was conducted in an apple orchard near Milton-Freewater, OR. Trees were 2-yr-old ‘Delicious’ on dwarfing roots. The orchard was ditch irrigated. Treatments were applied on 6 and 17 Jul to five-tree plots replicated five times using a RCBD. All treatments were applied with a handgun sprayer at 300 psi to the point of drip, simulating a dilute spray of approximately 400 gpa. The post-treatment evaluation was made on 29 Jul. Each tree was examined and the number of live leafroller larvae recorded.

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