SUPPRESSION OF CODLING MOTH, LASPEYRESIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE), BY RELEASE OF STERILE AND PARTIALLY STERILE MOTHS

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 1095-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Proverbs ◽  
J.R. Newton ◽  
D.M. Logan
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella ◽  
Insecticide Sprays ◽  
Apple Fruits ◽  
Made In

AbstractBecause laboratory and field cage experiments had shown that partially sterile (25 krad dose) male codling moths were sexually more competitive than sterile (40 krad) ones, a study was made in a British Columbia orchard in 1970 to determine whether release of 25 krad moths of mixed sexes would suppress this pest more effectively than release of 40 krad moths. Approximately 75,000 moths/ha were released from 24 April to 25 September for each dose level. In the 25 krad moth release plot, the percentage of apple fruits damaged by this pest at harvest was reduced from 0.21 in 1969 to 0.08 in 1970, whereas in the 40 krad plot damage was reduced from 0.04 in 1969 to 0.02 in 1970.Release of 25 krad moths was also compared with insecticide sprays for codling moth suppression in two small areas at Cawston and Olalla, B.C. At Cawston, the percentage of apples damaged at harvest was reduced from 1.0 in 1969, after three sprays of phosalone, to 0.1 in 1970 after release of irradiated insects. In contrast, per cent damage in a nearby apple orchard, sprayed twice with azinphos-methyl in 1969 and 1970, increased from 2.0 in 1969 to 8.1 in 1970. At Olalla, per cent damage was about the same (0.5) in 1969, after three phosalone sprays, as in 1970 (0.6) after release of irradiated insects. In a neighboring apple orchard, sprayed twice with phosalone in 1969 and 1970, per cent damage was about the same (1.0–1.2) each year.

EFFICACY OF DIFLUBENZURON AGAINST THE CODLING MOTH, LASPEYRESIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE), AND IMPACT ON ORCHARD MITES

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 733-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Anderson ◽  
R. H. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Codling Moth ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Promising Agent ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella ◽  
Fruit Damage

AbstractThe efficacy of diflubenzuron against the codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella L., was compared with that of azinphos-methyl in two orchards. Two cover sprays were applied to coincide with peak codling moth activity which was monitored daily with pheromone-baited traps. In the Golden Delicious and mixed cultivar orchards, 187 ppm (mg active ingredient/1.) diflubenzuron provided control comparable to that of 187 ppm azinphos-methyl. In the 47 ppm diflubenzuron treatment, more fruit damage occurred particularly in the mixed cultivar orchard. In this orchard, the addition of Tween 20 to the spray mixture reduced fruit damage markedly.Diflubenzuron appeared non-toxic to the phytoseiid Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt and stigmaeid Zetzellia mali Ewing. In addition, cover sprays did not increase populations of European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) or rust mites, Aculus spp.The efficacy of diflubenzuron against the codling moth and its compatability with integrated mite control suggest that the compound is a promising agent for pest management programs in apple orchards.

A STRAIN OF FRUITTREE LEAFROLLER, ARCHIPS ARGYROSPILUS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), TOLERANT TO AZINPHOS-METHYL IN AN APPLE ORCHARD REGION OF THE OKANAGAN VALLEY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Vakenti ◽  
C. J. Campbell ◽  
H. F. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Control Material ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Archips Argyrospilus

AbstractProbit analysis of the dosage response of first instar, fruittree leafroller larvae to azinphos-methyl indicated that a strain from a commercial orchard in East Kelowna, B.C. was 7.8 times more tolerant than a susceptible strain. Azinphos-methyl applied to experimental apple blocks in the same area did not provide satisfactory control. Leafroller damage as high as 10.5% was found in several orchards which had received multiple azinphos-methyl and other organophosphorous insecticide treatments. The development of an organophosphorous resistant strain of fruittree leafroller in this orchard area is strongly suggested. Bacillus thuringiensis applied at the pink stage of apple blossom development gave adequate control of fruittree leafroller in East Kelowna field trials and will be suggested as the control material for commercial orchards in this area.

INTEGRATED CONTROL OF ORCHARD MITES ON APPLE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
R. S. Downing ◽  
J. C. Arrand
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Phytoseiid Mite ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticides ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella ◽  
Integrated Concept

AbstractIn 1965, strains of the predaceous phytoseiid mite, Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt, had developed resistance to azinphosmethyl, one of the organophosphate insecticides used to control the codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella (L.). From 1966 to 1968, trials with integrated mite control in growers’ orchards were carried out successfully preserving the predator T. occidentalis. In most cases, an application of oil at the half-inch green bud stage was applied. The integrated concept of orchard mite control was recommended to the British Columbia fruit industry in 1969 and gained wide acceptance. In 1974, a survey of eight of the original integrated control orchards revealed that none of them had been treated with a summer acaricide since 1968. In six orchards, application of oil at the half-inch green bud stage had been used annually but two had not even received the oil spray. In all the orchards there was a good biological balance of a few predators and a few prey.

A STUDY TO SUPPRESS CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE) WITH SEX PHEROMONE TRAPS

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (12) ◽  
pp. 1265-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Proverbs ◽  
D. M. Logan ◽  
J. R. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Wild Male ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella

AbstractCodling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), injury in a 14-ha apple orchard gradually increased in 1973 and 1974 despite the presence of 480 sex pheromone traps (1 mg trans-8, trans-10, dodecadien-1-ol per trap). Percentage injured fruit at harvest was 0.00075, 0.0062, and 0,033 in 1972, 1973, and 1974, respectively. Numbers of wild male moths trapped increased from 3e in 1973 to 64 in 1974.

PRELIMINARY ORCHARD TESTS ON CONTROL OF CODLING MOTH LARVAE BY A GRANULOSIS VIRUS

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques ◽  
C. R. MacLellan ◽  
K. H. Sanford ◽  
M. D. Proverbs ◽  
E. A. C. Hagley
Keyword(s):  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Granulosis Virus ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella

AbstractApple orchard tests in 1974, 1975, and 1976 showed that applications of granulosis virus reduced deep-entry damage by larvae of the codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), to apple fruit at harvest by 55 to 96% compared with damage to fruit on nontreated check trees. Sting or shallow-entry injury was usually higher on virus-sprayed trees than on check trees presumably because larvae were killed by the virus soon after entry into the apple.

Spore Coverage and Persistence of Bacillus cereus Frankland and Frankland Sprayed on Apple Trees against the Codling Moth

1957 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
June M. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Apple Trees

Trials to determine the extent of fruit protection given by spraying spores of Bacillus cereus Frankland and Frankland on apple trees exposed to natural attack from the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.), were carried out in the experimental apple orchard of the Entomology Laboratory at Summerland, British Columbia. Heavy injury was expected there on trees not receiving commercial insecticide applications. Ten test and ten check trees were chosen at random. Check trees received no treatment of any kind. Test trees were treated with six sprays between May 26 and June 29, 1954, and five between August 5 and September 8, 1954.

Apple orchard tests on the efficacy of the granulosis virus of the codling moth,Laspeyresia pomonella [Lep.: Olethreutidae]

Entomophaga ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Jaques ◽  
J. E. Laing ◽  
C. R. MacLellan ◽  
M. D. Proverbs ◽  
K. H. Sanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Granulosis Virus ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella

Efficacy of Codling Moth Granulovirus: Effect of Adjuvants on Persistence of Activity and Comparison With Other Larvicides in a Pacific Northwest Apple Orchard

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Lacey ◽  
Steven Arthurs ◽  
Alan Knight ◽  
Kimberly Becker ◽  
Heather Headrick
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Neonate Larvae

Control of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L), in conventional orchards has relied heavily on broad spectrum insecticides such as azinphos-methyl (Guthion®, Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, NC). Alternative control options are needed for a variety of reasons, including environmental impact and worker and food safety concerns. Microbial control agents such as the codling moth granulovirus (CpGV) offer alternatives to conventional insecticides for the control of codling moth. Six weekly applications of the label rate (1 L/ha) of the Carpovirusine® formulation of CpGV in an experimental orchard naturally infested with codling moth provided control of first generation codling moth that was comparable to that of larvicidal oil and azinphos-methyl. Although the number of codling moth entries in fruit that were treated with virus alone was similar to that of control trees, the number of deep entries and the number of living codling moth larvae were significantly reduced on CpGV treated fruit. Despite blemishing, virus-treated fruit with minute entries were suitable for consumption or for processing. Studies on the residual activity of Carpovirusine revealed a steady decline in virus activity 1 to 3 d following application. The use of two adjuvants, Nu-Film-17® and Raynox®, did not protect virus from solar inactivation. Among the biological control options available for codling moth, CpGV provides effective and selective control of neonate larvae. Its use in lieu of broad spectrum insecticides will contribute significantly to the conservation of other natural enemies in the orchard agroecosystem.

POPULATIONS OF BENEFICIAL AND PEST ARTHROPODS IN AN ORGANIC AND A PESTICIDE TREATED APPLE ORCHARD IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Madsen ◽  
B. J. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Treatment Thresholds ◽  
Treated Apple

AbstractA 2-year study was conducted in an organic, essentially pesticide-free orchard and in one which followed a complete pesticide program to assess populations of beneficial arthropods. There were far more beneficial species in the pesticide-free orchard both on the trees and in the cover crop. Spiders increased dramatically in the organic orchard and relatively few spiders were found in the sprayed orchard. Pest species were below treatment thresholds in both orchards with the exception of codling moths. By the second season, codling moth injury was so severe in the organic program that the non-pesticide program had to be abandoned.

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