A LARGE-CAPACITY PHEROMONE TRAP FOR SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE),

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Kendall ◽  
Daniel T. Jennings ◽  
Mark W. Houseweart
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
High Population ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Large Capacity ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Moth Scales

Several types of pheromone-baited traps have been used for trapping males of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Most pheromone traps have sticky surfaces for capturing attracted moths; however, the sticky surface often becomes saturated with moths, moth scales, and debris, thus diminishing the traps' effectiveness. At high population densities, saturation may occur within a few hours after the traps are placed in the field. The Pherocon 1CP® trap found most effective by Sanders (1978) functionally saturates after about 50 spruce budworm moths are caught (Houseweart et al. 1981).

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CATCH IN PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS AND LARVAL DENSITY OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 1437-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Ramaswamy ◽  
R. T. Cardé ◽  
J. A. Witter
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Highly Correlated

AbstractLarval densities and catch of adult male Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) in pheromone-baited covered funnel traps in the same year were highly correlated. Such traps avoid saturation problems associated with conventional sticky traps. Release of marked males resulted in recapture rates of up to 21% in covered funnel traps. The findings suggest that non-saturating pheromone-baited traps could be used to monitor population densities and trends of the spruce budworm.

EVALUATION OF HIGH-CAPACITY, NONSATURATING SEX PHEROMONE TRAPS FOR MONITORING POPULATION DENSITIES OF SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 611-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps

AbstractThe efficiency of two sticky-bottomed traps and seven high-capacity, nonsticky traps in catching male spruce budworm [Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)] moths was evaluated in a wind tunnel. The place where the male moths first contacted the trap, the length of time that passed until they entered the trap, and the number remaining in the trap after 5 min were recorded. The most efficient traps were the Pherocon 1 C, a sticky-bottomed trap, and the Multi-Pher and Uni-trap, both nonsticky traps with internal funnel-shaped baffles that prevent moths from escaping. As sticky traps become saturated at relatively low densities they are not suitable for monitoring wide changes in population density. The Multi-Pher and Uni-trap are therefore recommended for monitoring population changes of the spruce budworm, establishing thresholds for management action, and estimating population density.

MONITORING SPRUCE BUDWORM POPULATION DENSITY WITH SEX PHEROMONE TRAPS

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps

AbstractAnnual catches of male spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana [Clem.]) in sex pheromone traps over a 21-year period in northwestern Ontario were well correlated with larval population densities in each subsequent year (r2 = 81%). On the basis of the criterion of 3 successive years of increasing catches or a threshold of 50 moths per trap, warning of extensive defoliation could have been given 6 years in advance. In 18 plots in northwestern Ontario and 35 plots distributed throughout the province, coefficients of determination (r2) between catch and population density in the same generation ranged from 40 to 74% in 1982 and 1983, but fell below 23% in 1984 when population densities in many plots were high. Coefficients of determination between catch and population densities in the following generation (eggs or larvae) ranged from 41 to 62%. On the basis of several years of cooperative research, sex pheromone traps are now in operational use in eastern North America for monitoring spruce budworm populations.

LONG TERM STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AERIAL APPLICATION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS – ACEPHATE COMBINATIONS AGAINST THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 1239-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Long Term Study

AbstractBacillus thuringiensis (Dipel® 36B) mixed with a sublethal concentration of acephate (Orthene®) (O, S-dimethyl acetylphosphoramidothioate), an organophosphorous insecticide, was applied at 2.35–14 l./ha to white spruce (Picea glauca) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea) trees infested with spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). The treatment rate was 20 Billion International Units of B. thuringiensis (B.t.) activity with or without 42 g of active ingredient of acephate/ha.The ground deposit of the standard Dipel wettable powder formulation was 12% of emitted volume compared with 21–32% for the Dipel 36B flowable. The viability of B.t. spores was drastically reduced after 1 day of weathering but a high level of biological activity by the spore–crystal complex persisted for up to 20 days post-spray due probably to crystal activity.The addition of about 10% of the recommended operational rate of acephate to the B.t. suspension increased larval mortality by 34% when applied at 4.7 l./ha. Reductions in budworm populations were 97–99% in B.t. + acephate plots and 86–90% in B.t. alone plots.Plots with moderate budworm densities of up to 27 larvae/100 buds on white spruce and 36/100 on balsam fir were satisfactorily protected from excessive defoliation in the year of spray by B.t. with or without acephate. Plots with higher population densities were not satisfactorily protected based on the branch sample examination but aerial color photographs indicated good protection to the top third of the trees. Population declines were greater and defoliation and oviposition were lower in the treated plots than in the untreated checks 1 year later without further treatment. Two years later the larval population densities in all plots were low but the density was twice as high in the untreated check as in the treated plots, indicating long term suppression by the treatments. Defoliation was negligible in all plots.The treatments had no deleterious effect on spruce budworm parasitism. The data indicate that the integrated approach using Bacillus thuringiensis – chemical pesticide combinations is a viable alternative to the use of chemical pesticides alone in spruce budworm control. Large scale testing is now warranted.

THE MATING STATUS OF SPRUCE BUDWORM MALES, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEM.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), CAUGHT IN PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chris Bergh ◽  
William D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Mating History ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flight Season

The mating status of recently-mated male spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), caught in traps baited with five different treatments was indexed. During two sampling periods at two test sites both virgin and mated C. fumiferana males were trapped. Significantly more unmated males were captured early in the flight season. There was no significant difference between the proportion of mated and unmated males caught near the end of the flight season. Within sampling periods and sites there were not significant differences among treatments in the proportion of mated males captured nor were these proportions significantly different within sampling periods and between sites. Within sites and between sampling periods the proportion of mated males captured was significantly different, with more mated males being trapped during the later sampling period. The four lepidopteran species for which methodologies have been developed for indexing male mating status are compared with respect to the nature and behaviour of the colored ejaculatory duct fluids that are used as markers of mating history. Current limitations of the method are discussed and possible solutions to these are suggested.

Mating Suppression of Caged Spruce Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Moths in Different Pheromone Atmospheres and High Population Densities

1982 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
R. J. Ross ◽  
W. D. Seabrook ◽  
G. C. Lonergan ◽  
C. J. Wiesner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
High Population ◽  
Population Densities

THE MATING STATUS OF FIELD-COLLECTED MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEM.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN RELATION TO TRAP LOCATION, SAMPLING METHOD, SAMPLING DATE, AND ADULT EMERGENCE

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Bergh ◽  
E.S. Eveleigh ◽  
W.D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Mate Location ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Trap Location ◽  
Flight Season

AbstractMale spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), were captured in 1986 and 1987 and the proportion recently mated was determined for each sample. Mating status was examined in relation to trap location, sampling method, sampling date, and adult emergence. On a given day the proportion of recently mated males captured was similar among pheromone-baited traps both within and among test sites. The number of males trapped increased with increasing trap elevation, although there was no difference in the proportion of mated males at each elevation. Males exhibiting “mate-location behaviour” were captured individually with an insect net and were found to be mated in the same proportion as those caught in pheromone-baited traps. The proportion of recently mated males trapped tended to increase during the early part of the flight season, to fluctuate during the middle portion, and then to decline toward the end of the season. This pattern was due, in part, to adult emergence trends.

Spruce budworm outbreaks and the incidence of vagrancy in eastern North American wood-warblers

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Patten ◽  
Jutta C Burger
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
North American ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Seiurus Aurocapillus ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Wood Warblers

The Tennessee (Vermivora peregrina), Cape May (Dendroica tigrina), Bay-breasted (D. castanea), and Canada (Wilsonia canadensis) warblers and the Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus) appear to show positive numerical responses to outbreaks of the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana); the Magnolia (D. magnolia), Black-throated Green (D. virens), and Blackburnian (D. fusca) warblers may occur in lower numbers during outbreaks because of increased competition with these budworm specialists. Thus, we predicted that the number of fall vagrant Tennessee, Cape May, and Bay-breasted warblers and Ovenbirds occurring in California are highly positively associated with budworm population density, positively intercorrelated, and negatively associated with numbers of Magnolia, Black-throated Green, and Blackburnian warblers. A 23-year (1972-1994) data set of budworm population densities and vagrant warbler occurrences in California showed that (i) budworm population density was an excellent predictor (explaining about 50% of the variance) of numbers of occurrences of the Cape May, Bay-breasted, and Canada warblers; (ii) all warbler species tended to co-occur, with numbers of Cape May and Bay-breasted warblers especially highly intercorrelated; and (iii) Magnolia Warbler numbers were negatively associated with those of budworm specialists, but Black-throated Green and Blackburnian warblers showed no association.

LOCAL DISPERSAL OF MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) MOTHS DETERMINED BY MARK, RELEASE, AND RECAPTURE

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Local Dispersal

AbstractLocal dispersal and survival of male spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), moths under field conditions was determined by mark, release, and recapture in pheromone-baited traps. Recapture rates and distance of recapture were dependent upon height of traps and proximity of traps to the release point, but over 65% of those recaptured were caught within 50 m. With traps 20 m apart, 30% of the recaptures were in traps farthest from the release point (50–70 m), a fact which suggests that male spruce budworm may disperse beyond this distance at low densities. Males were recaptured up to 7 days after release, and had a daily survival rate averaging 67%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document