PARASITIC MITES (ACARI: ERYTHRAEIDAE) ON SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Houseweart ◽  
Daniel T. Jennings ◽  
Lorraine P. Berkett ◽  
Thomas B. Brann
Keyword(s):  
Compound Eye ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Mite Infestation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Moth ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Wing Veins ◽  
Parasitic Mites

AbstractAt least two species of parasitic larval mites of the erythraeid genus Leptus were found on male spruce bud worm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), moths attracted to pheromone-baited traps. Mites were found on 28.5% of 2298 male moths captured during three trapping days in July 1977. Numbers of mite-infested moths were positively correlated with catch density. Percentage mite infestation increased with time. Red larval mites were also collected from both male and female free-flying budworm moths. Attachment sites include: wing veins, cervix, compound eye, femur, and abdomen. As many as four mites were collected from one female moth.

THE MATING STATUS OF SPRUCE BUDWORM MALES, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEM.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), CAUGHT IN PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chris Bergh ◽  
William D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Mating History ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flight Season

The mating status of recently-mated male spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), caught in traps baited with five different treatments was indexed. During two sampling periods at two test sites both virgin and mated C. fumiferana males were trapped. Significantly more unmated males were captured early in the flight season. There was no significant difference between the proportion of mated and unmated males caught near the end of the flight season. Within sampling periods and sites there were not significant differences among treatments in the proportion of mated males captured nor were these proportions significantly different within sampling periods and between sites. Within sites and between sampling periods the proportion of mated males captured was significantly different, with more mated males being trapped during the later sampling period. The four lepidopteran species for which methodologies have been developed for indexing male mating status are compared with respect to the nature and behaviour of the colored ejaculatory duct fluids that are used as markers of mating history. Current limitations of the method are discussed and possible solutions to these are suggested.

EFFECTS OF BLENDS OF SEX PHEROMONE ISOMERS ON MATING AND ELECTROANTENNOGRAMS OF SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 1143-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ross ◽  
W. D. Seabrook ◽  
G. C. Lonergan ◽  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
B. Ponder
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
A Current ◽  
Female Laboratory

AbstractMale and female laboratory reared spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), were placed in cages in a conifer forest, and the surrounding air permeated by each of four blends of the E and Z isomers of the sex pheromone (11-tetradecenal) at two concentrations. Mating suppression of 53–83% was found for each blend tested. At one concentration the four suppressions were similar, while at the other only one was significantly different. Electroantennograms (EAGs) were obtained from male moths for each of six E:Z blends at four concentrations. EAGs were similar for most blends at a given concentration, but tended to be larger than at a blend of 0E:100Z.These results were discussed using a current hypothesis on the ability of males to detect sex pheromone in air containing pockets of different isomeric blends.

A dosing technique and the effects of sub-lethal doses of Nosema fumiferanae (Microsporida) on its host the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana

Parasitology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Spore Concentration ◽  
Microsporidian Parasite ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
Living Adult ◽  
Lethal Doses ◽  
Significant Mortality

SummaryVarious dosages of the microsporidian parasite, Nosema fumiferanae were fed to 12-day-old larvae of Choristoneura fumiferana using a previously undescribed bioassay capsule. A spore dose of 3 × 104 resulted in 92% infection and a significant reduction in pupal weights, adult female longevity and a mean spore concentration of 1·5 × 107/living adult. Significant mortality (68%, combined larvae and pupae) did not occur until larvae ingested 3 × 107 spores; this dose produced a mean of 1·8 × 107 spores in dead larvae and 3·6 × 107 and 4·6 × 107 spores in dead male and female pupae respectively.

THE MATING STATUS OF FIELD-COLLECTED MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEM.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN RELATION TO TRAP LOCATION, SAMPLING METHOD, SAMPLING DATE, AND ADULT EMERGENCE

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Bergh ◽  
E.S. Eveleigh ◽  
W.D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Mate Location ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Trap Location ◽  
Flight Season

AbstractMale spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), were captured in 1986 and 1987 and the proportion recently mated was determined for each sample. Mating status was examined in relation to trap location, sampling method, sampling date, and adult emergence. On a given day the proportion of recently mated males captured was similar among pheromone-baited traps both within and among test sites. The number of males trapped increased with increasing trap elevation, although there was no difference in the proportion of mated males at each elevation. Males exhibiting “mate-location behaviour” were captured individually with an insect net and were found to be mated in the same proportion as those caught in pheromone-baited traps. The proportion of recently mated males trapped tended to increase during the early part of the flight season, to fluctuate during the middle portion, and then to decline toward the end of the season. This pattern was due, in part, to adult emergence trends.

LOCAL DISPERSAL OF MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) MOTHS DETERMINED BY MARK, RELEASE, AND RECAPTURE

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Daily Survival Rate ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Daily Survival ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Local Dispersal

AbstractLocal dispersal and survival of male spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), moths under field conditions was determined by mark, release, and recapture in pheromone-baited traps. Recapture rates and distance of recapture were dependent upon height of traps and proximity of traps to the release point, but over 65% of those recaptured were caught within 50 m. With traps 20 m apart, 30% of the recaptures were in traps farthest from the release point (50–70 m), a fact which suggests that male spruce budworm may disperse beyond this distance at low densities. Males were recaptured up to 7 days after release, and had a daily survival rate averaging 67%.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CATCH IN PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS AND LARVAL DENSITY OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 1437-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Ramaswamy ◽  
R. T. Cardé ◽  
J. A. Witter
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Highly Correlated

AbstractLarval densities and catch of adult male Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) in pheromone-baited covered funnel traps in the same year were highly correlated. Such traps avoid saturation problems associated with conventional sticky traps. Release of marked males resulted in recapture rates of up to 21% in covered funnel traps. The findings suggest that non-saturating pheromone-baited traps could be used to monitor population densities and trends of the spruce budworm.

ESTIMATED EGG DEPOSITION BY INVADING SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Miller ◽  
D. O. Greenbank ◽  
E. G. Kettela
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA 4000-ha block of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), infested forest in western New Brunswick was sprayed repeatedly in 1975 during the larval stage of budworm development. The objective was to reduce the population of the 1975 generation to a minimum level so that most of the following generation eggs found on the block could be attributed to invading females, thus providing data on the impact of moth invasion.The presence of dispersing adults in the airspace over the block was monitored by a ground-based radar unit while light traps and pheromone-baited traps were used to confirm that invasion had taken place. A total egg population of 33.8 masses per m2 of foliage was found on the block and indirect estimates suggest that invading females deposited about 10 of these masses.

A LARGE-CAPACITY PHEROMONE TRAP FOR SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE),

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Kendall ◽  
Daniel T. Jennings ◽  
Mark W. Houseweart
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
High Population ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Large Capacity ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Moth Scales

Several types of pheromone-baited traps have been used for trapping males of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Most pheromone traps have sticky surfaces for capturing attracted moths; however, the sticky surface often becomes saturated with moths, moth scales, and debris, thus diminishing the traps' effectiveness. At high population densities, saturation may occur within a few hours after the traps are placed in the field. The Pherocon 1CP® trap found most effective by Sanders (1978) functionally saturates after about 50 spruce budworm moths are caught (Houseweart et al. 1981).

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