Antidiabetic Agent in Combination with Simvastatin Reduces Blood Glucose and Elevated Liver Enzymes Level in Diabetic Rats for Extended Period of Time

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Mst. M. Begum ◽  
M.S. Rahman ◽  
R.R. Swarna ◽  
M. Das ◽  
A.H.M.R. Imon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Agent ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes

scholarly journals Elevated Liver Enzymes and Incident Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Risk in Yemeni Patients     

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfi S. Bin Dahman ◽  
Mariam A. Humam ◽  
Nabil S. Musiaan ◽  
Ahmed M. Daakik ◽  
Mohammed A. Balfas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract This case-control study was aimed to assess the association between liver enzymes and incident T2D in Yemeni patients. The present study comprising 142 T2D patients and 142 healthy control subjects were recruited from the diabetic outpatient clinic of Ibn-Sina Hospital in Mukalla during the period from 1st January to 30th May 2020. Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were analyzed using the Cobas Integra Plus 400 autoanalyzer. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken from each participant. T2D patients had significantly higher FBG (P= <0.0001), total cholesterol (P= <0.0001), LDL-C (P= <0.0001), and GGT (P= <0.0001) while, HDL-C was significantly lower in T2D patients (P= 0.021). Serum ALT and GGT levels were significantly associated with increased incident T2D risk (P= 0.006 for ALT and 0.022 for GGT), and the odds ratios at 95% CI comparing the highest versus lower tertiles of ALT and GGT were 2.75(2.01-3.48) and 1.17(1.83-6.42) respectively. In conclusion, higher levels of ALT and GGT are positively associated with increased blood glucose levels and are used as predictive biomarkers for developing a higher risk of diabetes. Thus, routine screening of ALT and GGT in T2D patients is recommended for the early detection of liver disorders.

scholarly journals Effects of the Interation of Metformin and Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter Leaf) On Steptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. T. Oluwayemi ◽  
E. O. Nwachuku ◽  
B. Holy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

The effects of Vernonia amygdalina and metformin in lowering glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were evaluated. A total of 120 Wistar albino males and females rats weighing approximately 200 g were used for the study. Diabetes was induced in the rats using 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin, and it was confirmed by checking the glucose levels of the rats. Rats with glucose level greater than 10 mmol/L were considered diabetic. The extract, metformin and a combination of the extract and metformin were given orally to different groups of diabetic rats daily for 10 weeks. Four rats were sacrificed every 2 weeks, and blood samples were collected from all the groups to estimate glucose, total protein and liver enzymes. The data obtained were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the differences between groups were established using Dunnets. The extract and metformin produced significant (P<0.05) decrease in plasma glucose concentrations in the diabetic rats. There was also a reduction in the plasma glucose of the rats that received a combination of the extract and metformin. The decrease in the blood glucose concentrations of the diabetic rats following the administration of the extract suggests that it possesses hypoglycemic effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The presence of flavonoids, saponins and other phytochemicals in the extract must have acted to potentiate the hypoglycemic role of the extract.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Tylophora indica against Streptozotocin Induced Pancreatic and Liver Dysfunction in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1755-1763
Author(s):  
Swathi Putta ◽  
Kotaiah Silakabattini ◽  
Jagadeesh Kumar T
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Tylophora Indica ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Liver And Pancreas

The objective of the study is to evaluate the ethanolic leaf extract of Tylophora indica (ELTI) on pancreatic and hepatic oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The serum blood glucose and liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) were estimated in all the groups. The elevated blood glucose levels and liver enzymes were found to be decreased with ELTI in STZ induced diabetic rats. The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S- transferase (GST) and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) were also decreased, while an increase in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were observed in pancreas and liver with ELTI treatment in STZ induced diabetic rats. Histopathology reveals that the protective effect of ELTI over STZ induced oxidative damage in both liver and pancreas. These results indicated that ELTI has more potential antioxidant effects on diabetic-induced oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Apigenin: A methanol fraction component of Newbouldia laevis leaf, as a potential antidiabetic agent

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Chinyelu C. Osigwe ◽  
◽  
Peter A. Akah ◽  
Chukwuemeka S. Nworu ◽  
Festus B. C. Okoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Agent ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Antihyperglycemic Activity ◽  
Muscle Glycogen Content ◽  
Isolated Compound

The leaves of Newbouldia laevis is traditionally used to treat diabetes mellitus in southeast Nigeria. The apigenin isolated from the methanol fraction of dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) extract of the leaves was evaluated for antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and on normal rats. Treatment of alloxan-diabetic rats with the compound (apigenin) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced blood glucose, and increased the liver and muscle glycogen content. The adrenaline-induced elevation of blood glucose of normal rats was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by the isolated compound. These results suggest that apigenin may be the anti-diabetic principle in the leaves of Newbouldia laevis..

scholarly journals Elevated Liver Enzymes and Incident Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Risk in Yemeni Patients     

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfi S. Bin Dahman ◽  
Omer M. Barahman ◽  
Mariam A. Humam ◽  
Nabil S. Musiaan ◽  
Ahmed M. Daakik
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Type Two Diabetes

Abstract Liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This case-control study was aimed to assess the association between liver enzymes and incident T2D in Yemeni patients. The present study comprising 142 T2D patients and 142 healthy control subjects were recruited from the diabetic outpatient clinic of Ibn-Sina hospital in Mukalla during the period from 1st January to 30th May 2020. Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were analyzed using the Cobas Integra Plus 400 autoanalyzer. Also, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken from each participant. T2D patients had significantly higher FBG (P= <0.0001), total cholesterol (P= <0.0001), LDL-C (P= <0.0001), and GGT (P= <0.0001) while, HDL-C was significantly lower in T2D patients (P= 0.021). In correlation analysis, serum GGT levels were positively associated with systolic BP (r= 0.134; P= 0.025), diastolic BP (r= 0.218; P= <0.001), FBG (r= 0.216; P= <0.0001), total cholesterol (r= 0.196; P= 0.0001), triglyceride (r= 0.123; P= 0.038), and LDL-C (r= 0.209; P= <0.0001). Also, serum ALT and GGT levels were significantly associated with increased incident T2D risk (P= 0.006 for ALT and 0.022 for GGT) and the odds ratio at 95% CI comparing highest versus lower tertiles of ALT and GGT were 2.75(2.01-3.48) and 1.17(1.83-6.42) respectively. In conclusion, higher levels of ALT and GGT are positively associated with increased blood glucose levels and may be used as the predictive biomarkers in developing higher risk of diabetes. Thus, routine screening of ALT and GGT in T2D patients is recommended for the early detection of liver disorders.

Hepatitis A Antigen in Liver, Bile and Stool

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
D.R. Jackson ◽  
J.H. Hoofnagle ◽  
A.N. Schulman ◽  
J.L. Dienstag ◽  
R.H. Purcell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Type A ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
Ag Particle ◽  
Human Stool

Using immune electron microscopy Feinstone et. al. demonstrated the presence of a 27 nm virus-like particle in acute-phase stools of patients with viral hepatitis, type A, These hepatitis A antigen (HA Ag) particles were aggregated by convalescent serum from patients with type A hepatitis but not by pre-infection serum. Subsequently Dienstag et. al. and Maynard et. al. produced acute hepatitis in chimpanzees by inoculation with human stool containing HA Ag. During the early acute disease, virus like particles antigenically, morphologically and biophysically identical to the human HA Ag particle were found in chimpanzee stool. Recently Hilleman et. al. have described similar particles in liver and serum of marmosets infected with hepatitis A virus (HAV). We have investigated liver, bile and stool from chimpanzees and marmosets experimentally infected with HAV. In an initial study, a chimpanzee (no.785) inoculated with HA Ag-containing stool developed elevated liver enzymes 21 days after exposure.

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