scholarly journals Protective Effect of Tylophora indica against Streptozotocin Induced Pancreatic and Liver Dysfunction in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1755-1763
Author(s):  
Swathi Putta ◽  
Kotaiah Silakabattini ◽  
Jagadeesh Kumar T
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Tylophora Indica ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Liver And Pancreas

The objective of the study is to evaluate the ethanolic leaf extract of Tylophora indica (ELTI) on pancreatic and hepatic oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The serum blood glucose and liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) were estimated in all the groups. The elevated blood glucose levels and liver enzymes were found to be decreased with ELTI in STZ induced diabetic rats. The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S- transferase (GST) and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) were also decreased, while an increase in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were observed in pancreas and liver with ELTI treatment in STZ induced diabetic rats. Histopathology reveals that the protective effect of ELTI over STZ induced oxidative damage in both liver and pancreas. These results indicated that ELTI has more potential antioxidant effects on diabetic-induced oxidative stress.

Mentha pulegium Aqueous Extract Exhibits Antidiabetic and Hepatoprotective Effects in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-301
Author(s):  
Omar Farid ◽  
Naoufel Ali Zeggwagh ◽  
Fadwa EL Ouadi ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Liver And Pancreas

Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of aerial parts aqueous extract (A.P.A.E) of Mentha pulegium (M. pulegium) on blood glucose levels in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rat. The glucose tolerance was evaluated in normal rats. Moreover, the histological sections and morphometric analysis at the liver and pancreas have been carried out in this investigation both in normal and STZ-diabetic rats. Methods: The effect of A.P.A.E of M. pulegium (20 mg/kg) on blood glucose levels was investigated in normal and diabetic rats (n=6). Histopathological changes in liver and pancreas were examined under phase contrast microscope and a preliminary screening for various bioactive constituents was realized according to standard methods. Key Findings: Both single and repeated oral administration of A.P.A.E (20 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in blood glucose levels in STZ-diabetic rats (p<0.0001). The morphometric analysis and histological sections realized in pancreas and liver have showed the beneficial effect of the A.P.A.E in cellular population. According to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the aqueous extract has revealed an improvement of glucose tolerance in normal rat. Furthermore, the preliminary phytochemical screening of A.P.A.E of M. pulegium has demonstrated the presence of various metabolite compounds including polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids tannins, cyanidins, sesquiterpenes, and glycosides. Conclusion: We conclude that the A.P.A.E of M. pulegium (20 mg/kg) exhibits a potent antihyperglycemic activity in STZ diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Spirulina maxima and its effect on antioxidant activity in fructose induced oxidative stress with histopathological observations

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Urmila Jarouliya ◽  
Anish Zacharia ◽  
Raj K. Keservani ◽  
Godavarthi B.K.S Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Spirulina Maxima

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The aim of the present study is to explore the antioxidant effect of Spirulina maxima in rat model along with the histopathological observations. Diabetes was induced by feeding 10% fructose solution orally to Wistar rats (n = 6) for 30 days, analysed for plasma blood glucose and the markers of the oxidative stress [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)]. These biochemical studies were associated with histopathological examination of liver and kidney sections. The microalga Spirulina maxima being rich in proteins and other essential nutrients is widely used as a food supplement. S. maxima at a dose of 5 and 10% per kg and the metformin (500 mg/kg) as reference drug were given orally for 30 days to the diabetic rats. Diabetic rats showed significant (p < 0.001) elevations in plasma blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and significant reduction in catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione activity. Oral administration of 5 and 10% aqueous extract of S. maxima for 30 days restored not only of blood glucose levels but also markers of oxidative stress. Histopathological observations of tissues manifested that the S. maxima administration had the protective and therapeutic effects against fructose-induced abnormalities in diabetic rats. It is concluded that S. maxima is effective in reinstating the antioxidant activity in addition to its antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats.

Treatment with N-acetylcysteine does not alter blood glucose levels and the oxidative stress status in diabetic rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
AndréValle de Bairros ◽  
Fernando de Freitas ◽  
Mirna Leal ◽  
Cinthia Mazzanti ◽  
AnaPaula Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

scholarly journals Hawthorn Leaf Flavonoids Protect against Diabetes-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Rats via PKC-α Signaling Pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Min ◽  
Yuting Bai ◽  
Yuchen Zhang ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
Minli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Objectives. DCM has become one of the main reasons of death in diabetic patients. In this study, we aimed to explore the hawthorn leaf flavonoids (HLF) protective effect against diabetes-induced cardiac injury and the underlying mechanisms in experimental rats. Methods. Experimental diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg) in rats after feeding with high-fat diet for 8 weeks. The diabetic rats received a 16-week treatment of different doses of HLF (50, 100, and 200). The morphological changes of myocardial cells were observed by light microscope; the concentration of antioxidant indicator and TNF-α and the expression of PKC-α mRNA, PKC-α, and NF-κB proteins were assessed as well. Results. STZ-induced diabetes mellitus prompted blood glucose, cardiac injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation, accompanied with suppressed body weight. On the contrary, HLF administration improved body weight and blood glucose and attenuated myocardial structural abnormalities in diabetic rats. In addition, HLF decreased MDA level and enhanced SOD activities, inhibited TNF-α expression, and downregulated PKC-α mRNA, PKC-α, and NF-κB which were induced by diabetes. Conclusions. HLF has a protective effect against diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. The mechanism may be involved in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation via inactivation of the PKC-α signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Effects of the Interation of Metformin and Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter Leaf) On Steptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. T. Oluwayemi ◽  
E. O. Nwachuku ◽  
B. Holy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

The effects of Vernonia amygdalina and metformin in lowering glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were evaluated. A total of 120 Wistar albino males and females rats weighing approximately 200 g were used for the study. Diabetes was induced in the rats using 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin, and it was confirmed by checking the glucose levels of the rats. Rats with glucose level greater than 10 mmol/L were considered diabetic. The extract, metformin and a combination of the extract and metformin were given orally to different groups of diabetic rats daily for 10 weeks. Four rats were sacrificed every 2 weeks, and blood samples were collected from all the groups to estimate glucose, total protein and liver enzymes. The data obtained were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the differences between groups were established using Dunnets. The extract and metformin produced significant (P<0.05) decrease in plasma glucose concentrations in the diabetic rats. There was also a reduction in the plasma glucose of the rats that received a combination of the extract and metformin. The decrease in the blood glucose concentrations of the diabetic rats following the administration of the extract suggests that it possesses hypoglycemic effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The presence of flavonoids, saponins and other phytochemicals in the extract must have acted to potentiate the hypoglycemic role of the extract.

scholarly journals Ameolirative effects of garlic (Allium sativum L.,) in streptozotocin induced oxidative stress in diabetic brain of rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7950-7957
Author(s):  
Pratap Reddy K ◽  
Bhaskar Nagilla ◽  
Varija K
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Polyol Pathway ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of methanol garlic extract on the enzymes related with polyol pathway, advanced glycation end products, markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in brain of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Antioxidant capability of methanol extract of garlic was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate radical and FOX (ferrous ion oxidation-xylenol orange) H2O2 scavenging test. Diabetes was induced by single i.p injection of STZ (32mg/kg per body Wt.,). Blood glucose levels and body wt, were measured on every 7th day over a period of 30 days. The diabetic rats treated with garlic extract at two doses 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg body wt., by oral administration. Diabetic rats showed significant increase in food and water intake, decrease in blood glucose levels, body weights, but could not show any recovery by garlic treatment. Garlic treatment significantly decreased aldose reductase (AR); sorbitol dehydrogenase (SD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities. A decrease of malndialdehyde (MDA), Protein carbonyls (PC), Pentosidine advance oxidation protein products (AOPP), Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) was also observed. Additionally garlic administration produced a restoration of brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in diabetic rats. Garlic treatment also reduced the free radical formation and progression of hyperglycemia induced diabetic complications by decreasing influx of glucose into the polyol pathway and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes. The current study reveals exerts, efficiently, an attenuating effect of methanol garlic extract exterted antihyperlgycemic, antioxidant and anti-glycating effects in a dose dependent manner in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Diabetic Rats under Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposure

2010 ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Matsunami ◽  
Y Sato ◽  
T Sato ◽  
M Yukawa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluations ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposure ◽  
Oxidative Effects

Hyperglycemia is known to cause oxidative stress that leads mainly to enhanced production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment also increases the formation of ROS. There are, however, no comprehensive evaluations of such oxidative effects in diabetes which requires HBO treatment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of a clinically-recommended HBO treatment on glucose homeostasis and oxidative stress in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Under the clinically-used HBO exposure protocol, the levels of blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as a lipid peroxidation marker, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as an antioxidant enzyme marker were investigated in the erythrocytes, liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and brain of rats with STZ-induced diabetes. The levels of blood glucose and TBARS increased significantly (p<0.05), and the activity of SOD decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the erythrocytes and all organs of rats with diabetes subjected to HBO exposure. These results suggested that HBO exposure might boost glucose autoxidation and increase ROS production in STZ-induced diabetes as side-effects of administering HBO treatment for the first time.

scholarly journals Investigation of the possible protective effect of Smilax fluminensis steud. leaf in mice subjected to oxidative stress by paracetamol

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37070
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Simões da Cunha ◽  
Larissa Scremin Ferreira ◽  
Ana Júlia Pasuch Gluzezak ◽  
Edith Eunice Arthur Petrica ◽  
Adilson Paulo Sinhorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plasma Analysis ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Doses

Paracetamol (PCM) is a drug widely used by the population as an antipyretic and analgesic. If administered in high doses it can cause liver damage, leading to hepatoxicity. The genus Smilax, found in temperate and tropical regions, is traditionally used by the population through the extract of leaves and roots for several conditions, such as in the treatment of syphilis, diabetes, asthma and as a diuretic action. Through this, Smilax fluminensis leaf extracts were used to evaluate the protective effect against oxidative stress induced by a high dose of PCM in mice that received the drug and after receiving treatment with crude extract and fractions. Plasma analysis was performed using as partate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, in addition to biochemical techniques such as catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (ASA), substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and carbonylated proteins (CARBONYL) of liver, brain and kidneys. Fraction 1 of the extract was the most promising, decreasing the plasma levels of AST and ALT, the levels of CAT and GST of the liver, together with GSH and in the renal and brain tissue there was a decrease in carbonylated proteins (PCM + F1 versus PCM ). Besides, fraction 1 proved to be hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic. It is concluded that fraction 1 of Smilax fluminensis leaves has good antioxidant activity in the face of the damage caused by the high dose of paracetamol.  

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Effects of Subcoriacin in Normal and Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Narváez-Mastache ◽  
Claudia Soto ◽  
Guillermo Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Subcoriacin (1) is a 3-aryl-6-prenylcoumarin isolated from Eysenhardtia subcoriacea that has shown antioxidant activity in vitro, and has shown to scavenge free radicals and also to improve the reduced glutathione levels in pancreatic homogenates. The present investigation evaluates the protective effect of 1 against oxidative injury in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The i.p. administration of 1 at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight for 5 d, significantly decreased blood glucose levels and improved the endogenous antioxidant system. Also, a significant increase in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) occurred. Combined treatment of rats with 1 (100 mg/kg) and STZ significantly reduced the pancreatic levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels. Likewise, significant increases in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes together with a decrease in blood glucose levels in both treatments were observed. The results demonstrate and support the relationship between the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities displayed by the natural compound 1.

Moderate Exercise Combined with Dietary Vitamins C and E Counteracts Oxidative Stress in the Kidney and Lens of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rat

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kutlu ◽  
Mustafa Naziroglu ◽  
Halil Simsek ◽  
Turgut Yilmaz ◽  
A. Sahap Kükner
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Β Carotene

Oxidative stress has a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cataract formation and nephropathy. Daily moderate exercise and vitamins C and E (VCE) supplementation can be beneficial to diabetes due to reducing blood glucose and free radical production The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of moderate exercise with vitamin VCE on lipid peroxidation (LP) and antioxidative systems in the kidneys and lens of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty female Wistar rats were used. They were randomly divided into four groups. The first and second groups were used as control and diabetic groups. The third group was the diabetic-exercise group. VCE-supplemented feed was given to diabetic-exercise rats constituting the fourth group. Animals in the exercised groups were moderately exercised daily on a treadmill for three weeks (five days a week). Diabetes was induced on day zero of exercise. Body weights in the four groups were recorded weekly. Lens and kidney samples were taken from all animals on day 20. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin E, and β-carotene levels in kidney and lens, albumin in plasma, and body weight were significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the control group, whereas there was a significant increase in LP of kidney and lens as well as plasma glucose, urea, and creatinine levels in the diabetic group. The decrease in antioxidant enzymes, vitamins, and albumin and the increase in LP and glucose levels in diabetic rats were significantly improved with exercise and VCE supplementation. In the diabetic animals, the decreased β-carotene and vitamins A levels in kidney did not improve through exercise only, although their levels were increased by exercise plus VCE supplementation. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that lipid peroxidation increases in the lens and kidney of diabetic animals and this could be due to decreases in antioxidant vitamins and enzymes. However, dietary VCE with moderate exercise may strengthen the antioxidant defense system through the reduction of ROS and blood glucose levels. The VCE supplementations with exercise may play a role in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy and cataract formation in diabetic animals.

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