scholarly journals An update to the distribution of invasive Ctenolepisma longicaudatum Escherich in northern Europe, with an overview of other records of Estonian synanthropic bristletails (Insecta: Zygentoma)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaarel Sammet ◽  
Mati Martin ◽  
Tõnu Kesküla ◽  
Olavi Kurina
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Thermobia Domestica ◽  
Private Households

Previously, two species of Zygentoma have been reported as synanthropic in Estonia (Lepisma saccharinum Linnaeus, 1758 and Thermobia domestica (Packard, 1873)). Ctenolepisma longicaudatum Escherich, 1905 is an invasive species that is currently expanding its range in Europe, but had no published records from the northern Baltic Region. Ctenolepisma longicaudatum was first found in Estonia in 2018. It has currently several established populations in public buildings in Tartu and Tallinn, but has not been found in private households, nor in other places in Estonia. A brief overview of its invasion history in northern Europe is given.

scholarly journals Origin and Potential Expansion of the Invasive Longan Lanternfly, Pyrops candelaria (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) in Taiwan

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
You-Sheng Lin ◽  
Jhih-Rong Liao ◽  
Shiuh-Feng Shiao ◽  
Chiun-Cheng Ko
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Main Island ◽  
Genetic Structures

The longan lanternfly Pyrops candelaria is a new invasive species on the main island of Taiwan. The introduction of an invasive species may negatively influence the native fauna, flora and environment. Thus, this study aimed to infer the invasion history, predict habitat suitability and potential expansion and assess the risk to crop cultivation areas in Taiwan. Genetic structures of P. candelaria from the main island of Taiwan and related regions were analyzed based on partial COI and ND2 sequences. Additionally, machine learning MaxEnt was utilized to study habitat suitability. The results suggested that the Taiwanese populations may originate from the Kinmen Islands and the plain areas of Taiwan are considered to have high habitat suitability. Furthermore, most of the cultivation areas of longan and pomelo crops showed high habitat suitability.

scholarly journals Population Genetic Structure of the Invasive Spotted Alfalfa Aphid Therioaphis trifolii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China Inferred From Complete Mitochondrial Genomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinzhi Liu ◽  
Shuhua Wei ◽  
Zhenyong Du ◽  
Jia He ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity

Biological invasions represent a natural rapid evolutionary process in which invasive species may present a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. Analyzing the genetic structure and demographic history of invaded populations is critical for the effective management of invasive species. The spotted alfalfa aphid (SAA) Therioaphis trifolii is indigenous in the Mediterranean region of Europe and Africa and has invaded China, causing severe damages to the alfalfa industry. However, little is known about its genetic structure and invasion history. In this study, we obtained 167 complete mitochondrial genome sequences from 23 SAA populations across China based on high-throughput sequencing and performed population genetic and phylogenomic analyses. High haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity were found in SAA populations in China with distinct genetic structures, i.e., all populations diverged into three phylogenetic lineages. Demographic history analyses showed a recent expansion of the SAA population, consistent with the recent invasion history. Our study indicated that SAA may have invaded through multiple introduction events during commercial trades of alfalfa, although this needs further validation by nuclear markers.

scholarly journals New woodland beetle species (Coleoptera) in Estonian fauna

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilmar Süda
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Habitats Directive ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
New Type ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Eu Habitats Directive ◽  
The Eu

Metsamardikate (Coleoptera) uued liigid Eestis The article presents faunistic data on 85 species of Coleoptera new to the Estonian fauna. Most of the material has been collected within the framework of various research and monitoring projects carried out in Estonian nature reserves (1998-2009). A new type of trunk window trap, designed by the author in 2004 mainly for monitoring purposes, has been successfully used. 17 of the 85 species are new for the fauna of whole Baltic region: Pseudeuglenes pentatomus (Ths.) (Aderidae), Caenocara subglobosum (Muls. & Rey), Xyletinus tremulicola Y. Kangas (Anobiidae), Choragus sheppardi Kirby (Anthribidae), Cryptocephalus saliceti Zebe (Chrysomelidae), Dirrhagofarsus attenuatus (Mäklin), Hylis cariniceps (Rtt.), Microrhagus emyi (Rouget) (Eucnemidae), Gnathoncus communis (Marseul) (Histeridae), Notolaemus unifasciatus (Latr.) (Laemophloeidae), Agathidium discoideum Er. (Leiodidae), Anisoxya fuscula (Ill.) (Melandryidae), Mordellistena neuwaldeggiana (Pz.) (Mordellidae), Ripidius quadriceps Abeille de Perrin (Rhipiphoridae), Lissodema cursor (Gyll.) (Salpingidae), Aphodius quadrimaculatus (L.) (Scarabaeidae) and Eutheia schaumii Kiesw. (Scydmaenidae). One of the species, Caenocara subglobosum (Muls. & Rey) (Anobiidae), is new for the whole Northern Europe. Specimens of this species were collected from eastern and southern Estonia: most were caught in window traps but some also emerged from the collected fruiting bodies of Common Puffball (Lycoperdon perlatum). For 21 new species, Estonia lies on the northern edge of their range. Three of these, Triphyllus bicolor (F.), Mycetophagus ater (Rtt.) and Glischrochilus grandis (Tournier) that were collected from 6-10 sites, have a wider distribution in Estonia. Two species, Xyletinus tremulicola Y. Kangas (Anobiidae) and Stephanopachys linearis (Kug.) (Bostrichidae), have been listed on Annex II of the EU Habitats Directive. Two new species (Lymantor aceris (Lindemann) and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratz.)) were also added to the list of Estonian bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae).

scholarly journals Biological invasions: winning the science battles but losing the conservation war?

Oryx ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip E. Hulme
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Invasion Process ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

Biological invasions by non-indigenous species (NIS) are widely recognized as a significant component of human-caused global environmental change. However, the standard programme of mapping distributions, predicting future ranges, modelling species spread, assessing impacts, developing management guidelines and screening species suffers from a number of serious limitations. NIS distribution maps can often be as misleading as they are instructive. Perceptions of the intensity, scale and rate of invasion are a function of mapping resolution, and the lack of common mapping standards prevents accurate comparative assessments. Coarse resolution data may overestimate the role of climate in the invasion process relative to other variables such as land use or human population density. Climate envelopes have therefore been widely used to predict species future ranges, but often overestimate potential distributions. Without an appropriate mechanistic understanding of the invasion process, correlative approaches may misinterpret the relative risks posed by different NIS. In addition, statistical models of invasion fail to encapsulate the complexity of human-mediated dispersal, which includes such diverse processes as transatlantic timber trade, horticultural fashion and the continuing expansion of road networks. Screening tools based on species traits, taxonomy and/or invasion history can sometimes result in high discrimination rates. Yet where the cost of false positives outweighs the risks from false negatives, a higher discriminatory power is required. Certain research outputs have perhaps been counterproductive in the war against invasive species. Studies have highlighted that only a tiny proportion of NIS are invasive, that most invasions occur in human dominated rather than pristine ecosystems, that indigenous and non-indigenous species are sufficiently similar that their impacts may not necessarily be different, and that there is evidence that introduced species augment rather than reduce species diversity. It is crucial to address these wider perceptions of the problem in order to mobilize the resources necessary for a global invasive species management programme.

HISTORIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-558
Author(s):  
S. C. ROWELL
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
New Work ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Baltic

Since the breakdown of the Soviet Union and Swedish socialism the Baltic region has attracted more attention, although not perhaps as much as it might deserve, than since the 1930s. English-speaking readers have been presented with a magisterial survey of the northern world over a five hundred years' period. However, many of the old stereotypes of war, pestilence, and the rise of Sweden under Gustav Adolphus, the lion of the north, and of Russia under the delusively attractive despots, Peter I and Catherine II (both of whom were essentially Baltic animals), remain unchallenged. Over the past decade much new work has appeared in northern Europe to open a more intriguing and understandable vista – of Baroque vibrancy in art, literature, and architecture; remarkably resilient small towns and efficient manor economies; and powerful interacting religious and political mythologies that combine in a vision of ‘Gotho-Sarmatian’ unity.

Is invasion history a useful tool for predicting the impacts of the world's worst aquatic invasive species?

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie A. Kulhanek ◽  
Anthony Ricciardi ◽  
Brian Leung
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Aquatic Invasive Species ◽  
Invasion History

scholarly journals Genetic structure of spotted alfalfa aphid Therioaphis trifolii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations in China inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinzhi Liu ◽  
Shu Wei ◽  
Zhenyong Du ◽  
Jia He ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses

Biological invasions represent a natural rapid evolutionary process in contemporary time scale, and the invasive species may present a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. Analyzing the genetic structure and demographic history of invasive populations is critical for the effective management of invasive species. The spotted alfalfa aphid (SAA) Therioaphis trifolii is indigenous in the Mediterranean region of Europe and Africa and has invaded other continents, causing severe damages to the alfalfa industry; however, little is known about its genetic structure and invasion history. In this study, we obtained 167 complete mitochondrial genome sequences from 23 SAA populations across China based on high-throughput sequencing and performed population genetic and phylogenomic analyses. High haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity were found in SAA populations in China with distinct genetic structures, i.e., all population samples diverged into three phylogenetic lineages with possible different invasion sources. Demographic history analyses showed a recent expansion of the SAA population, consistent with the rapid invasion history. Our study supported that SAA populations in China were possibly derived from multiple introduction events through commercial trades of alfalfa.

scholarly journals Decoration of bone and antler artefacts as an indication of Mesolithic networks (finds from a central Swedish Late Mesolithic site)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Lars Larsson ◽  
Fredrik Molin
Keyword(s):  
Northern Europe ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
South Central ◽  
Southern Scandinavia ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Late Mesolithic

Our knowledge of Mesolithic decorated bone and antler tools from Scandinavia has mainly been based on finds from sites and single finds from Southern Scandinavia. However, recent excavations at a Late Mesolithic site at Strandvgen in Motala, south-central Sweden, have changed the state of research and revealed a large number of bone and antler tools, some of them with decorations. The site is located on the eastern shore of Lake Vttern, the second largest lake in the south of Sweden and at the only large outlet of the lake. The site was used during a number of centuries, with a concentration of radiocarbon dates around 7500-7000 cal. BP. The settlement at Strandvgen is the only site in this part of Scandinavia with a large number of finds of bone and antler. The location of the site was exceptional as it was easily available by contact links to the south and north as well as east and west. This is well manifested in the find material. Leister points are the single largest group of tools, with a total of more than 400 examples. A number of these are furnished with decoration in the form of small notches on the barbs more or less in systematic order, as well as cross-hatched motifs. A small number of other tools such as slotted daggers and antler objects with shaft holes are also decorated. In comparison with southern Sweden and Denmark, similarities are obvious concerning both the choice of motifs and the variety of their execution. The only other area in the Baltic region with a number of decorated objects is the East Baltic. However the chronological relevance is uncertain. For example one can find leister points with similarities to the finds at Strandvgen among the finds from Lake Lubāna in south-eastern Latvia. The question of how many of the motifs, and how they are executed is a pan-Mesolithic phenomenon within Northern Europe and how much can be related to specific regional markings.

Devoted Holiness in the Lay World

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneke Mulder-Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Religious Culture ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Intellectual Work ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Private Households ◽  
The World ◽  
Holy Women

The growing cities of late medieval northern Europe offered religiously gifted laypeople contexts in which to devote themselves fully to religion without having to leave the world or to take vows. Countless women, and a few men, lived as lay recluses and anchorites, secluded in the midst of cities; others pursued holiness in the private households of beguines, adherents of the Modern Devotion, or ascetic widows. These holy women and men were the innovative pioneers of a new lay spirituality. By studying about twenty spiritual biographies written by or about holy laywomen, this essay seeks to determine their involvement in religious culture and in the shared spirituality of the holy women (mulieres religiosae) and the faithful at large. It focuses on ascetic, devotional households; personal networks and confraternities; women's intellectual work; and the claiming, by some women, of religious authority.

scholarly journals 21st International Scientific Conference “St. Petersburg and the Nordic Countries” (St. Petersburg, April 3–4, 2019)

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Владимир Барышников ◽  
Vladimir Baryshnikov ◽  
Валерий Возгрин ◽  
Valeriy Vozgrin ◽  
Никита Козлов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The Political ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Study ◽  
The Baltic

The paper overviews the 21st International Scientific Conference “St. Petersburg and the Nordic Countries”. The spring meeting of Scandinavian researchers has become a traditional event and one of the most reputable conferences in the history of the Nordic countries. The participants of the conference, which embraced five sections, managed to discuss many issues faced by the historical science. The researchers announced their latest developments in the field of source study and historiography of Northern Europe, the socio-economic development of the Scandinavian countries, the political confrontation in the Baltic region and other major issues of the history of Northern Europe.

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