scholarly journals Vascular protective effects of Astragalus membranaceus and its main constituents in rats with chronic hyperhomocysteinemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2401-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Hong Qiu ◽  
Bi-Qi Zhang ◽  
Miao-Jun Lian ◽  
Xian-Ji Xie ◽  
Peng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Protective Effects

scholarly journals Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng, the Novel Renoprotective Compound, Synergistically Protect against Podocyte Injury in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruonan Zhai ◽  
Guihua Jian ◽  
Teng Chen ◽  
Ling Xie ◽  
Rui Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Podocyte Injury ◽  
Renal Histopathology ◽  
Foot Process ◽  
Immunofluorescence Labeling ◽  
Renal Expression

This study was aimed at investigating the synergistical protective effects of Astragalus membranaceus (AG) and Panax notoginseng (NG) on podocyte injury in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at 55 mg/kg. Diabetic rats were then orally administrated with losartan, AG, NG, and AG plus NG (2 : 1) for 12 weeks. Albuminuria, biochemical markers, renal histopathology, and podocyte number per glomerulus were measured. Podocyte apoptosis was determined by triple immunofluorescence labeling including TUNEL assay, WT1, and DAPI. Renal expression of nephrin, α-dystroglycan, Bax, Bcl-xl, and Nox4 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and RT-PCR. AG plus NG ameliorated albuminuria, renal histopathology, and podocyte foot process effacement to a greater degree than did AG or NG alone. The number of podocytes per glomerulus, as well as renal expression of nephrin, α-dystroglycan, and Bcl-xl, was decreased, while podocyte apoptosis, as well as renal expression of Bax and Nox4, was increased in diabetic rats. All of these abnormalities were partially restored by AG plus NG to a greater degree than did AG or NG alone. In conclusion, AG and NG synergistically ameliorated diabetic podocyte injury partly through upregulation of nephrin, α-dystroglycan, and Bcl-xl, as well as downregulation of Bax and Nox4. These findings might provide a novel treatment combination for DN.

scholarly journals Chemical Profiling of Astragalus membranaceus Roots (Fish.) Bunge Herbal Preparation and Evaluation of Its Bioactivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2092415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Santoro ◽  
Valentina Parisi ◽  
Massimiliano D’Ambola ◽  
Chiara Sinisgalli ◽  
Magnus Monné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Free Hydroxy Group

Astragalus membranaceus (Fish.) Bunge is a perennial herb distributed in the northern part of China, and its roots, namely, Hang qi, are included as a natural ingredient in dietary supplement formulations commonly used to treat different disorders such as respiratory infections, diabetes, and heart failure. The availability of a simple method for the determination of the quality of Astragalus herbal preparations could be a challenging issue for commercial purposes. In this study, a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)/MS based approach was used to characterize specialized metabolite recovery of 3 commercial hydroalcoholic extracts of A. membranaceus (AMG1, AMG2, AMG3) in addition to a hydroalcoholic extract of A. membranaceus root (AST). The hypoglycemic effect, cholinesterase inhibition, and antioxidant activities were also evaluated. Thirty-one compounds, of which 19 polyphenols and 12 saponins, were identified. The extracts were also quantified by using a sensitive and selective Q-Trap system for their content in flavonoids and astragalosides, selecting astragaloside I and IV as chemical markers. From our results, AMG3 preparation (Axtragyl) was the most abundant in terms of both specialized classes of metabolites, showing a fingerprint similar to that of AST. Interestingly, tested enzyme inhibition ability of flavonoids, daidzein (11) and formononetin (19), reported a higher α-glucosidase inhibition in comparison with that of acarbose used as positive control. The in silico study clarified the interactions among the molecules and the importance of having a free hydroxy group. Moreover, Axtragyl was able to exert protective effects in Caco-2 cells treated with hydrogen peroxide, confirming its ability as a potential protective agent in intestinal injury.

Protective effects of a mixed plant extracts derived from Astragalus membranaceus and Laminaria japonica on PTU‐induced hypothyroidism and liver damages

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mohibbullah ◽  
Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir ◽  
Sung‐Kew Kim ◽  
Yong‐Ki Hong ◽  
Andre Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Protective Effects

Protective Effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Ligustrazine on Rat Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Injury after Oxygen-Glucose Depri-vation/Reoxygenation by Supressing the PKCδ/MARCKS Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xialin Tang ◽  
Huajun Wang ◽  
Huihuan Chen ◽  
Shuangxi Sun ◽  
Hongxia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mmp9 Expression ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

Aim and Objective: Cell death is a main pathological change in brain ischemia. Astragalus membranaceus (Ast) and ligustrazine (Lig), as traditional Chinese herbs, have a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury.we aim to find whether the underlying protective mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine against Oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) -induced injury in RBMECs is related to PKCδ/MARCKS pathway. Materials and Methods: OGD/R preconditioning was instituted in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMECs). The survival and apoptosis of RBMECs were detected by a Cell Counting Kit-8 and TUNEL staining; PKCδ/MARCKS and MMP9 expression were examined by immunofluorescence, western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: OGD/R stimulation significantly increased RBMEC apoptosis, whereas Ast+Lig, Rottlerin or Ast+Lig+Rottlerin treatment evidently reduced cellular apoptosis, and increased cell viability (P <0.05). Furthermore, Ast+Lig, Rottlerin or Ast+Lig+Rottlerin treatment significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of PKCδ/MARCKS and MMP9 (P <0.05), compared to OGD/R control group. Moreover, Ast+Lig, Rottlerin or Ast+Lig+Rottlerin treatment evidently reduced protein expression levels of PKCδ, MMP9, and MARCKS (P <0.05), compared to OGD/R control group, detected by western blot-ting or immunofluorescence. Conclusions: The administration of Astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine protected RBMECs against OGD/R-induced apoptosis. PKCδ/MARCKS and MMP9 expression were significantly increased after OGD/R stimulation, while Astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine treatment evidently suppressed. Collectively,Astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine play protective effects against OGD/R-induced injury in RBMECs through regulating PKCδ/MARCKS pathway to inhibit MMP9 activation.

scholarly journals Metabolic Signatures of KidneyYangDeficiency Syndrome and Protective Effects of Two Herbal Extracts in Rats Using GC/TOF MS

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjing Zhao ◽  
Hongbing Wu ◽  
Mingfeng Qiu ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Runmin Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classical Model ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Transformation ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia Presl

KidneyYangDeficiency Syndrome (KDS-Yang), a typical condition in Chinese medicine, shares similar clinical signs of the glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome. To date, the underlying mechanism of KDS-Yanghas been remained unclear, especially at the metabolic level. In this study, we report a metabolomic profiling study on a classical model of KDS-Yangin rats induced by hydrocortisone injection to characterize the metabolic transformation using gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. WKY1, a polysaccharide extract fromAstragalus membranaceusandLycium barbarum, and WKY2, an aqueous extract from a similar formula containingAstragalus membranaceus,Lycium barbarum,Morinda officinalis,Taraxacum mongolicum, andCinnamomum cassia presl, were used separately for protective treatments of KDS-Yang. The changes of serum metabolic profiles indicated that significant alterations of key metabolic pathways in response to abrupt hydrocortisone perturbation, including decreased energy metabolism (lactic acid, acetylcarnitine), lipid metabolism (free fatty acids, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol, and cholesterol), gut microbiota metabolism (indole-3-propionic acid), biosynthesis of catecholamine (norepinephrine), and elevated alanine metabolism, were attenuated or normalized with different degrees by the pretreatment of WKY1 or WKY2, which is consistent with the observations in which the two herbal agents could ameliorate biochemical markers of serum cortisone, adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), and urine 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS).

Melatonin reduces high levels of lipid peroxidation induced by potassium iodate in porcine thyroid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Iwan ◽  
Jan Stepniak ◽  
Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

Abstract. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Under normal iodine supply, calculated physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid is approx. 9 mM. Either potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) are used in iodine prophylaxis. KI is confirmed as absolutely safe. KIO3 possesses chemical properties suggesting its potential toxicity. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Study aims: to evaluate potential protective effects of melatonin against oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced by KI or KIO3 in porcine thyroid. Homogenates of twenty four (24) thyroids were incubated in presence of either KI or KIO3 without/with melatonin (5 mM). As melatonin was not effective against KI-induced LPO, in the next step only KIO3 was used. Homogenates were incubated in presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25 mM) without/with melatonin or 17ß-estradiol. Five experiments were performed with different concentrations of melatonin (5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 1.0; 0.625 mM) and one with 17ß-estradiol (1.0 mM). Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. KIO3 increased LPO with the strongest damaging effect (MDA + 4-HDA level: ≈1.28 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) revealed at concentrations of around 15 mM, thus corresponding to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Melatonin reduced LPO (MDA + 4-HDA levels: from ≈0.97 to ≈0,76 and from ≈0,64 to ≈0,49 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) induced by KIO3 at concentrations of 10 mM or 7.5 mM. Conclusion: Melatonin can reduce very strong oxidative damage to membrane lipids caused by KIO3 used in doses resulting in physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid.

Protective Effects of Self-Forgiveness on Alcohol Abuse Depend on Severity of Shame

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Ianni ◽  
Kenneth E. Hart ◽  
Stephen Hibbard ◽  
Michelle Carroll ◽  
Tobi Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Self Forgiveness
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