scholarly journals Seroprevalence of brucellosis in patients with prolonged fever in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (09) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Anisur Rahman ◽  
Dirk Berkvens ◽  
Claude Saegerman ◽  
David Fretin ◽  
Noor Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sera Samples

Introduction: This study describes the seroprevalence of human brucellosis among pyretic patients and detection of Brucella abortus DNA from seropositive pyretic patients using real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) for the first time in Bangladesh. Methodology: Blood samples were collected from 300 pyretic patients from October 2007 to May 2008 and subjected to three serological tests: Rose-Bengal plate test (RBT), standard tube agglutination test (STAT), and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Risk factors were identified by multivariate Firth’s logistic regression analysis. Brucella genus (BCSP31) and species-specific (IS711) rtPCR were applied to six human sera samples. Results: The seroprevalence of brucellosis among pyretic patients was estimated to be 2.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74–4.30). The odds of brucellosis seropositivity were 8.9 (95% CI: 1.26–63.0) times higher in pyretic patients who handled goats than those who handled only cattle, whereas the odds of brucellosis seropositivity were 9.7 (95% CI: 1.28–73.68) times higher in pyretic patients who had backache compared to those without backache. B. abortus DNA was amplified from all six human sera that tested positive by RBT, STAT, and iELISA. As the agreement between the tests was very strong, RBT is recommended as a screening test for the diagnosis of human brucellosis in Bangladesh because it is easier to use, cheaper, and faster. Conclusions: Brucellosis among pyretic patients is common, and B. abortus is responsible for brucellosis in such patients. Pyretic patients who handle goats and those with backaches should be screened for brucellosis.

scholarly journals Comparison of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction with serological tests and culture for diagnosing human brucellosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Dal ◽  
Soner Sertan Kara ◽  
Aytekin Cikman ◽  
Cigdem Eda Balkan ◽  
Ziya Cibali Acıkgoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in a free-ranging giant anteater

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Oliveira Morgado ◽  
Francielle Cristina Kagueyama ◽  
Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa ◽  
Melissa Debesa Belizário ◽  
Richard de Campos Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Zoonotic Infection ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT: Toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligatory intracellular protozoan, which establishes acute and chronic infections in birds and mammals, including humans. This note reports, for the first time, the detection and sequencing of DNA from T. gondii in the peripheral blood of a young free range giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). For the diagnosis, the following methods were used: polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and positive serology (1:800) by means of the modified agglutination test (MAT). Since this species may be consumed by humans and predated by wild felids, its importance is emphasized as a probable source of zoonotic infection, in addition to its possible participation in the infection enzootic cycle. Although, parasitemia has been confirmed in this specimen, it presented no clinical sign of infection.

Serum based polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Naveen Kumar ◽  
M. Vijaya Bharathi ◽  
G. Selvaraju ◽  
K. Porteen ◽  
K. Vijayarani
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sera Samples

Brucellosis is one of the economically important diseases in India and diagnosis of brucellosis using single test is cumbersome due to variation in sensitivity and specificity among the different test. The present study was aimed to assess the suitability of serum as clinical specimen in molecular diagnosis and evaluate the serology and molecular assays as in diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. A total of 821 bovine sera samples were subjected to indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (i-ELISA) and serum based Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay. On serology 6.70 per cent positivity of brucellosis were reported and on PCR assay, 47 and 29 sera samples were positive for bcsp 31 genus specific and IS711 species specific PCR assay respectively with per cent positivity of 5.72 and 3.53. In comparison between serology and molecular test, 44 samples were positive for both assays and 11 and 3 samples were positive for serology and molecular assays individually. This study suggests that serum sample can be utilised as the choice of clinical specimen for both PCR assay and i-ELISA will be a future choice for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis.

An evaluation of melarsomine hydrochloride efficacy for parasitological cure in experimental infection of dairy cattle with Trypanosoma evansi in Thailand

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC DESQUESNES ◽  
KETSARIN KAMYINGKIRD ◽  
TIMOTHÉE VERGNE ◽  
NACHAI SARATAPHAN ◽  
RODTIAN PRANEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYMelarsomine hydrochloride can cure Trypanosoma evansi infection in camels at a dose of 0·25 mg/kg, but at that dose relapses occur in cattle. In our study, the efficacy of an intramuscular injection of melarsomine hydrochloride at 0·5 mg/kg was assessed in 3 normal and 3 splenectomized dairy cattle experimentally infected with a stock of T. evansi from Thailand. The animals were monitored for 5 months by haematocrit centrifugation, blood- or cerebrospinal fluid-mouse inoculation, polymerase chain reaction, the card agglutination test (CATT) for T. evansi, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay‑T. evansi. Parasitological and DNA tests became and remained negative just after treatment. By the end of the experiment, CATT was negative and ELISA scores were below or very close to the cut-off value. One of the splenectomized cattle died from anaplasmosis during the experiment, but tested negative for surra. It was concluded that the parasites had been cleared from the cattle, and melarsomine hydrochloride at 0·5 mg/kg can be recommended for treatment against T. evansi infection in dairy cattle in Thailand. Further work is necessary to validate the efficacy of the treatment in the event of confirmed CSF-infection.

Optimization and validation of an ELISA using recombinant Toxoplasma gondii matrix antigen 1 for serodiagnosis of the infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buyannemekh Tumurjav ◽  
Mohamad Alaa Terkawi ◽  
Houshuang Zhang ◽  
Guohong Zhang ◽  
Honglin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Recombinant Antigens ◽  
Crude Antigen ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Toxoplasma gondii infection can be diagnosed directly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), hybridization and isolation of parasites and indirectly with serological methods[4; 5; 18].Although all these tests have shortcomings, serological tests, particularly the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), seem to be the most practical and economical. The crude antigen prepared from tachyzoites has been traditionally utilized for commercially serological detection kits. However the use of recombinant antigens can be alternative sources of antigens allowing better standardization of the tests and reducing the costs of production requires mass production of the parasite either from the peritoneal fluids of infected mice or from tissue cultures. In spite of the potential advantages of using recombinant antigens in serology tests, their sensitivities have not yet achieved perfect result; therefore, further research on new antigensis extremely desirable [10; 16; 17; 3]. In this context, the Toxoplasma gondii matrix antigen 1 (TgMAG1) known as 65-kDa protein abundantly expressed within the cyst and in the cyst wall surrounding the bradyzoites [15], has documented to be immunogenic during the infection with T. gondii in mouse model and promising reagent for serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis in humans [15;12; 6]. However, its usefulness has not yet been confirmed in animal toxoplasmosis.In this study, the optimization and validation of E.coli-expressed rTgMAG1as ELISA antigen were describedMongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.15(2) 2015; 56-60

Molecular and morphological discrimination betweenTylospora fibrillosaandTylospora asterophoramycorrhizae

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Eberhardt ◽  
Lutz Walter ◽  
Ingrid Kottke
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
First Time

Among the mycorrhizal types of spruce, Tylospora-type mycorrhizae are the most constant and abundant. Two species of the genus Tylospora occur in Europe, Tylospora fibrillosa and Tylospora asterophora. Mycorrhizae of T. asterophora are described in detail for the first time. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal genes were obtained from T. fibrillosa and T. asterophora mycorrhizae, sporocarps, and cultured mycelium. Discrimination and identification of the two species by ITS polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) are discussed in the light of inter- and intra-specific variability. Species-specific PCR primers were designed to distinguish both species. Molecular screening of Tylospora-type mycorrhizae from field material led to unambiguous results, whereas morphological identification is likely to fail because of great similarity even at the microscopic level.Key words: Tylospora asterophora, Tylospora fibrillosa, ectomycorrhizae, taxon specific primers (TSOPs), ITS sequences.

scholarly journals Prevalence and prevention of brucellosis in cattle in Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Hassan ◽  
Ali Salami ◽  
Nada Nehme ◽  
Raed Al Hakeem ◽  
Jeanne El Hage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Elisa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Region 10 ◽  
Insight Into

Background and Aim: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium of the genus Brucella. This disease is present worldwide, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries, where it is endemic. This first-of-its-kind study in Lebanon aimed to assess the prevalence of brucellosis across the country and to determine the efficacy of a vaccine for reducing losses in herds so that its toll on public health is reduced. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and fifty-three blood serum and 261 milk samples were obtained from cows in different areas of Lebanon. The samples were analyzed using serological tests (rose Bengal, milk ring, and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) and confirmed with competitive ELISA and polymerase chain reaction. Results: The highest rate of Brucellae was found in the Bekaa region (10%). After vaccination of 5 cows and 13 heifers at different times, the results showed that all the vaccinated animals have developed an immune response to brucellosis 60 days after vaccination. This vaccine can be considered as stable and preventative to protect against brucellosis in animals and thus protect the public from this infection. Conclusion: These findings will provide further insight into designing future targeted awareness interventions and adapted policies as efforts toward reducing the prevalence and prevention of brucellosis in cattle in Lebanon.

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