scholarly journals Antiretroviral drug resistance and HIV-1 subtypes among treatment-naive prisoners in Kelantan, Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (08) ◽  
pp. 1063-1067
Author(s):  
Tengku Ahmad Akram Tengku Mohd Ariffin ◽  
Suharni Mohamad ◽  
Wan Nazirah Wan Yusuf ◽  
Rafidah Hanim Shueb
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Subtype Assignment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1

Introduction: The widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and continuous reports of HIV-1 strains developing resistance to these drugs is rather alarming, as transmission of resistant viruses to newly infected persons is possible. This study aimed to determine HIV-1 subtypes and the prevalence of primary mutations associated with antiretroviral (ARV) resistance among treatment-naive prisoners on the east coast of Malaysia. Methodology: Viral RNA was extracted from plasma samples of 21 treatment-naive prisoners. Protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions were amplified and sequenced. Stanford HIV database algorithms were used for interpretation of resistance, and phylogenetic analysis was performed for subtype assignment. Results: In the PR gene, no antiviral resistance-associated mutation was detected. For RT-associated mutations, K103N was the most prevalent in sequenced samples (14.3%). Genetic subtyping on the pol gene revealed that the majority of the prisoners were infected with subtype CRF33_01B (52.4%). Conclusion: Continuous surveillance of newly infected individuals is required to help strategize the best antiviral treatment for these patients.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy with or without mycophenolate mofetil in treatment-naive HIV-1 patients

AIDS ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 1925-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay U C Sankatsing ◽  
Suzanne Jurriaans ◽  
Peter van Swieten ◽  
Frank van Leth ◽  
Marion Cornelissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycophenolate Mofetil ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Antiretroviral drug resistance among treatment-naïve HIV-1 patients in southern Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. e192
Author(s):  
F.-C. Tseng ◽  
S.-W. Wang ◽  
H.-C. Lee ◽  
N.-Y. Ko ◽  
C.-J. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
Hiv 1

Efficacy and safety of abacavir/lamivudine with raltegravir in treatment-experienced and treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection: an observational, retrospective, multi-centre study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Rizzardo ◽  
Massimiliano Lanzafame ◽  
Emanuela Lattuada ◽  
Damiano Bragantini ◽  
Stefano Nicolè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Tolerability Profile ◽  
Strand Transfer ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Outpatient Departments ◽  
Hiv 1

Raltegravir (RAL) is an HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor that is well established as a component of highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens for the treatment of adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), due to its high virological efficacy and good tolerability profile. To date, limited data are available on the use of RAL with abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC). We investigated retrospectively 62 HIV-1 infected patients managed by three Italian Infectious Diseases Outpatient Departments, including 57 treatment-experienced patients and 5 treatment-naïve patients, treated with ABC/3TC plus RAL. In all five naïve patients (100%), virological suppression was achieved and maintained , while 55 experienced patients (96.5%) maintained viral suppression at the most recent review. In the treatment-experienced patients, we observed a significant decrease in triglyceride levels (p < 0.01), while liver transaminases, renal function and cholesterol levels remained substantially stable. In the 34 treatment-experienced patients who switched from a protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimen, we observed a significant improvement of total cholesterol (p=0.03) and triglyceride (p < 0.01) levels. No significant alterations were found on renal and liver function and serum lipid profile of treatment-naïve patients. Despite the small number of participants, results support the efficacy and safety of ABC/3TC plus RAL, either in treatment-naïve or treatment-experienced patients.

scholarly journals HIV-1 gp41 genetic diversity and enfuvirtide resistance-associated mutations among enfuvirtide-naïve patients in southern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Chang ◽  
Junpeng Zhao ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Huimin Ji ◽  
Xinyi Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increasing molecular diversity and emergence of drug resistant mutants remain a major concern in Southern China, enfuvirtide (ENF/T-20) is the first entry inhibitor used in patients failing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, data on HIV-1 gp41genetic diversity and primary ENF resistance-associated mutations among treatment-naïve patients in southern China is limited. The objective was to identify molecular diversity and ENF resistance patterns of HIV-1 in southern China, using envelop (env) gp41 sequences and bioinformatics tools, which may help optimize ART. Methods: From December 2018 to January 2019, 439 blood plasma samples from ENF-naïve HIV-1 patients were collected from Shenzhen, Wuhan and Chongqing, of which, 396 HIV env regions were sequenced and subtyped, and were performed the analysis of drug resistance-associated mutations (DRMs). Results: The main subtypes were circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE (30.6%) and CRF07_BC (48.7%), CRF55_01B had been the fourth subtype in our work, many rare CRFs were observed. Notably, CRF02_AG and CRF_BF strains typically found in Africa and US respectively were identified amongst Chinese HIV-1 patients. Known DRMs were detected in 27.5% (109/396) of ENF treatment-naïve patients. One major DRM (L44M), many secondary DRMs including (N126K, E137K, S138A) and lots of polymorphisms were found in the study, which have been proved to elevate resistance to ENF. Conclusion: HIV-1 molecular diversity among people in southern China observed in the work indicates that HIV-1 variability is becoming increasingly complex in the south of China. A diverse set of primary DRMs discovered in this study described the serious threat to ART, which remind us the urgent need of timely surveillance of HIV-1 viral diversity and drug resistance in China.

Letter to the Editor: Antiretroviral Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve HIV-1-Infected Persons in Washington, D.C.

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison C. Boyd ◽  
Emily M. Herzberg ◽  
Mariah M. Marshall ◽  
Nicole A. Lamparello ◽  
Miguel A. De Leon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1

Once-a-day highly active antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected adults in Senegal

AIDS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Landman ◽  
Ricarda Schiemann ◽  
Safiatou Thiam ◽  
Muriel Vray ◽  
Anna Canestri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Treatment Naïve and Experienced Panamanian Subjects: Impact on National Use of EFV-Based Schemes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e0154317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxelis Mendoza ◽  
Juan Castillo Mewa ◽  
Alexander A. Martínez ◽  
Yamitzel Zaldívar ◽  
Néstor Sosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistance Mutations ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1

The Mechanical and Structural Changes in Murine Arteries due to the Antiretroviral Drug Azidothymidine (AZT)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hansen ◽  
Manu O. Platt ◽  
Roy L. Sutliff ◽  
Rudolph L. Gleason
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Hiv 1

With over 33 million people infected with the human immunodefeciency virus (HIV-1), HIV-1 and autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a worldwide epidemic [1]. However, the development and widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has helped transform HIV-1 infection from a terminal disease leading to AIDS to a manageable chronic condition. With the increase in life expectancy, a new set of non-AIDS related complications has emerged including dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) specifically high risks for myocardial infarction[2] and increased incidence of atherosclerosis [3]. Additionally, patients exhibit markers of subclinical atherosclerosis including endothelial dysfunction [4], carotid artery intima-media thickening [5], and arterial stiffening [4, 6].

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