scholarly journals HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE IMPACT TO EARTHWORM (E. FETIDA) / HERBICIDO GLIFOSATO POVEIKIO KOMPOSTINIAM SLIEKUI (E. FETIDA L.) TYRIMAI IR VERTINIMAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta Dajoraitė ◽  
Jūratė Žaltauskaitė ◽  
Aušra Zigmontienė
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Soil Invertebrate ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Glyphosate is a broad spectrum weed resistant herbicide. Glyphosate may pose negative impact on land ecosystems because of wide broad usage and hydrofilic characteristic. The aim of this study was to investigate negative effects of glyphosate on soil invertebrate organisms (earthworm Eisenia fetida). The duration of experiment was 8 weeks. The range of the test concentrations of glyphosate were: 0,1, 1, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg. To investigate the glyphosate impact on earthworm Eisenia fetida the following endpoints were measured: survival, reproduction and weight. The exposure to 20 mg/kg glyphosate has led to the 100% mortality of earthworms. Glyphosate has led to decreased E. fetida reproduction, the cocoons were observed only in the lowest concentration (0,1 mg/kg). In general: long-term glyphosate toxicity to earthworms (E. fetida) may be significant. Glifosatas yra herbicidas, plačiai naudojamas piktžolėms naikinti. Dėl masinio ir netinkamo naudojimo bei didelio tirpumo vandenyje glifosatas turi įtakos sausumos ekosistemoms. Eksperimento tikslas – įvertinti skirtingų glifosato koncentracijų poveikį žieduotosioms kirmėlėms (kompostiniam sliekui Eisenia fetida L.). Tyrimas buvo vykdomas 8 savaites. Eksperimento metu buvo naudotos 0,1, 1, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg glifosato koncentracijos dirvožemyje. Glifosato poveikio kompostiniams sliekams E. Fetida įvertinti buvo tirti augimo, mirtingumo ir reprodukcijos rodikliai. Eksperimento metu nustatyta, jog didelės glifosato koncentracijos letaliai veikė kompostinį slieką. Esant didžiausiai 20 mg/kg koncentracijai, sliekų mirtingumas jau pirmąją savaitę buvo 100 %. Didėjanti glifosato koncentracija mažino kompostinio slieko E. fetida svorio prieaugius bei neigiamai veikė sliekų reprodukciją, kokonai užfiksuoti tik esant mažiausiai koncentracijai. Eksperimento pabaigoje nustatyta tendencija – kuo ilgesnis glifosato ekspozicijos laikas, tuo didesnė žala daroma dirvožemio bestuburiams (Eisenia fetida).

scholarly journals The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis: a modelling analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Cilloni ◽  
Han Fu ◽  
Juan F Vesga ◽  
David Dowdy ◽  
Carel Pretorius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Modelling Analysis ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Epidemiological Impact ◽  
The Impact

Background Routine services for tuberculosis (TB) are being disrupted by stringent lockdowns against the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. We sought to estimate the potential long-term epidemiological impact of such disruptions on TB burden in high-burden countries, and how this negative impact could be mitigated. Methods We adapted mathematical models of TB transmission in three high-burden countries (India, Kenya and Ukraine) to incorporate lockdown-associated disruptions in the TB care cascade. The anticipated level of disruption reflected consensus from a rapid expert consultation. We modelled the impact of these disruptions on TB incidence and mortality over the next five years, and also considered potential interventions to curtail this impact. Results Even temporary disruptions can cause long-term increases in TB incidence and mortality. We estimated that a 3-month lockdown, followed by 10 months to restore normal TB services, would cause, over the next 5 years, an additional 1.92 million TB cases (Crl 1.74 - 2.15) and 488,000 TB deaths (CrI 449 - 541 thousand) in India, 48,000 (33,400 - 72,320) TB cases and 16,800 deaths (11.9 - 21.9 thousand) in Kenya, and 9,100 (6,980 - 11,200) cases and 1,960 deaths (1,620 - 2,350) in Ukraine. However, any such negative impacts could be averted through supplementary 'catch-up' TB case detection and treatment, once restrictions are eased. Interpretation Lockdown-related disruptions can cause long-lasting increases in TB burden, but these negative effects can be mitigated with targeted interventions implemented rapidly once lockdowns are lifted.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF ADOLESCENTS BEHAVIOR TO CONSUMPTION OF SOFT DRINKS IN SMPN 5 PEKANBARU YEAR 2016

1930 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Alhidayati ◽  
Nurhapipa ◽  
Rahma Putri
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Behavior consumption of soft drinks are the actions or deeds regarding how often consume soft drinks per week is calculated. Carbonated drinks consumption habits will have a negative impact when it accumulates in the long term. Have been many studies that explain the negative effects of soft drinks, including carcinogenic benzene in soft drinks is very high, high phosphate content of vital minerals in the body that can trigger heart disease (magnesiumdeficiency), osteoporosis (calcium deficiency) and more. Based on the survey results of the sale of soft drinks in the cafeteria, 5 schools with the highest sales level, is SMP N 5 Pekanbaru selling 6-7 boxes per month. This type of research is quantitative with cross sectional design which was held on 16-18 May 2016 in SMP N 5 Pekanbaru. The population of this research is all student grades 7 and 8 SMP N 5 Pekanbaru which amounted to 541 people, with a sample size of 115 people. Data collected technique by stratified random sampling use questionnaire measuring instrument. Univariate data analysis and use your bivariate chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the knowledge obtained value (p value = 0.001 value POR = 2.14), Effect of friends (p value = 0.006 value POR = 3.45), Access (p value = 0.029 value POR = 2.70), And advertisement (p value = 0:01 value POR = 3.20) with the consumption of soft drinks. Suggested to the relevant instance, that is SMP N 5 Pekanbaru to provide education and information to as many students on the impact of consuming soft drinks for health when consumed in the long term and excessive, and form healthy canteen, or supervise the beverage products , to minimize the beverage products are bad for health.

Contemporary German-French relations in political-military sphere

2021 ◽  
pp. 288-313
Author(s):  
Philipp Trunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Military Assistance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
The Eu

Since the era of Cold War the dialogue with France has been too important for FRG in its efforts to strengthen its influence both in the Euro-Atlantic community and in the world. That is why the article has the goal to explore the relations between these two European powers in the security sphere from the second half of the 2010 s until the beginning of the 2020 s. The paper tries to determine the degree of institutionalization of interstate relations and the role of bilateral negotiating platforms in the creating of common position on international problems. It is also important to show the dynamics of negotiating process on the highest level. The author also examines the key articles of the Aachen Treaty (2019). In this regard the paper analyses early efforts of Emmanuel Macron to confirm French leadership in bilateral tandem. The article considers the features of German-French tactics to minimize negative impact of Brexit on the EU. Another aspect is the tandem actions aimed at weakening of negative effects of the steps of Trump`s administration over the system of international security. In this regard it`s important to show German-French contribution in the development of PESCO and also to analyse what problems and perspectives two powers may face on their way to the creation of common European army. Another interesting aspect is the features of common approach to the resolution of the armed conflicts in Ukraine and Syria, keeping JCPOA. The article also covers the «bottlenecks» and features of German diplomatic and military assistance to France in Mali. The situation shows the growing mutual interest for the deepening of cooperation in the Sahel G5 (also Burkina-Faso, Mauretania, Niger, Tchad). The author concludes about the prospects of German leadership in the tandem and its importance for both powers in the long-term.

scholarly journals Effects of Biosolids at Varying Rates on Earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and Springtails (Folsomia candida)

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Artuso ◽  
T. F. Kennedy ◽  
J. Connery ◽  
J. Grant ◽  
O. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Soil Invertebrate ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Future Work

Land spreading is a major option internationally for the disposal/use of treated sewage sludge (biosolids), but effects of this practice on soil organisms are largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of biosolids on two soil invertebrate species, earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and Collembola (Folsomia candida), in laboratory tests. Five biosolids from different sewage works were assessed at rates equivalent to 0, 2, 5, 10, and 20 t ha−1. Biosolids applied at 2 and 5 t ha−1did not cause mortality of adult earthworms but did at 10 and 20 t ha−1. At 5, 10 and 20 t ha−1, all biosolids had significantly fewer juvenile worms relative to controls. Increasing the rates from 2 to 10 t ha−1did not impact on the number of adult Collembola, but at 20 t ha−1there were significantly fewer adults. There were significantly fewer juvenile Collembola recorded for biosolids applied at the 2 t ha−1when compared with controls, and also when biosolids were applied at 5, 10, and 20 t ha−1relative to 2 t ha−1. Some significant difference between biosolids were observed, but generally, negative effects were not related to heavy metal concentrations in biosolids. It is recommended that possible detrimental mechanisms (e.g., ammonia production, lack of oxygen) be investigated in future work. It is concluded that biosolids, applied at legal, low rates (about 2 t ha−1) are unlikely to be detrimental to earthworms or adult Collembola but can be detrimental to Collembola reproduction.

scholarly journals Paradox of Plenty in Terms of Irkutsk Oblast

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
Elena Bisikalo ◽  
Yulia Kolesnik
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Regional Product

The article considers a problem of a possible negative impact of the accelerated growth of oil and gas extraction on the socio-economic situation of the resource-producing region. The negative effects are based on the well-known concepts of the resource curse, the Dutch disease and the rentier state which are combined by the term «paradox of plenty». It offers to use models of rent-oriented behavior and patronage in order to analyze the incentives of economic agents. In terms of the shifts in the structure of gross regional product and employment by types at the regional level. It substantiates the significance of monitoring the arising spatial and sectoral distortions when forming the regional strategy of a long-term economic growth. The possibilities of overcoming negative effects are associated with the need of performing a structural industrial policy within the frames of smart specialization and providing incentives for businesses in the traded sector of the regional economy.

scholarly journals A long-lasting public emotional trauma after the recovery of COVID-19: a full-year tracking of online public sentiment (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Tan ◽  
Sheng-Lan Peng ◽  
Chun-Peng Zhu ◽  
Zuo You ◽  
Ming-Chen Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Successful Recovery ◽  
Wide Range

BACKGROUND As the outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a wide range of panic in the general public, it is essential to understand how online public sentiments change during the pandemic given its importance for mental health policy. OBJECTIVE Previous studies consistently showed a devastating negative impact of COVID-19 on public sentiments after the outbreak. However, it remains unclear the variation of public sentiment during the recovery phase of the pandemic. METHODS In the current study, we continuously tracked online public sentiment through the year 2020 by analyzing emotion reflected on 64,723,242 posts across China’s largest social media platform Sina Weibo. RESULTS We found that the pandemic not only affected online public sentiment in the initial outbreak but also induced long-term negative effects even in the aftermath of the successful recovery from the pandemic. The long-term negative effect was not due to the pandemic’s severity either locally or globally, or even the post-pandemic economic recession. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 induces long-term negative effects on public sentiments even in the aftermath of the successful recovery from the pandemic. It reminds public health and government administrators of the need to pay heed to public mental health even once the pandemic has concluded.

scholarly journals Qatar’s effort for the deployment of Carbon Capture and Storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
And Storage

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is an advanced technology that has the technical potential to provide dual advantages: (1) it helps countries maintain their hydrocarbon – driven economic advancement, such as Gulf Corporation Council countries (GCC) and (2) mitigating the negative effects of increasing CO2 emissions. A full system of CCS consists of CO2 separation, compression, transportation, injection into underground reservoirs and long-term monitoring. Qatar is very well aware of the adverse consequences of the rise of CO2 emissions and therefore started investing heavily in carbon capture and Storage and took major steps to mitigate the negative impact of CO2. It is believed that CCS would provide a major shift in mitigation the CO2 emissions. This paper will analyze the potential of deployment of CCS in Qatar as well as the efforts expended so far in that regard.

Influence of NPK fertilization on weed flora in maize field

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Lehoczky ◽  
M. Kamuti ◽  
N. Mazsu ◽  
J. Tamás ◽  
D. Sáringer-Kenyeres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Plant nutrition is one of the most important intensification factors of crop production. The utilization of nutrients, however, may be modified by a number of production factors, including weed presence. Thus, the knowledge of occurring weed species, their abundance, nutrient and water uptake is extremely important to establish an appropriate basis for the evaluation of their risks or negative effects on crops. That is why investigations were carried out in a long-term fertilization experiment on the influence of different nutrient supplies (Ø, PK, NK, NPK) on weed flora in maize field.The weed surveys recorded similar diversity on the experimental area: the species of A. artemisiifolia, S. halepense and D. stramonium were dominant, but C. album and C. hybridum were also common. These species and H. annuus were the most abundant weeds.Based on the totalized and average data of all treatments, density followed the same tendency in the experimental years. It was the highest in the PK treated and untreated plots, and significantly exceeded the values of NK fertilized areas. Presumably the better N availability promoted the development of nitrophilic weeds, while the mortality of other small species increased.Winter wheat and maize forecrops had no visible influence on the diversity and the intensity of weediness. On the contrary, there were consistent differences in the density of certain weed species in accordance to the applied nutrients. A. artemisiifolia was present in the largest number in the untreated control and PK fertilized plots. The density of S. halepense and H. annuus was also significantly higher in the control areas. The number of their individuals was smaller in those plots where N containing fertilizers were used. Contrary to them, the density of D. stramonium, C. album and C. hybridum was the highest in the NPK treatments.

The foundations of peaceful coexistence after the war ... Mosul is a model

2019 ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Omar Hashim Thanon
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
The Common ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Post War ◽  
Common Destiny

Since peaceful coexistence reflects in its various aspects the concept of harmony between the members of the same society with their different national, religious and sectarian affiliations, as well as their attitudes and ideas, what brings together these are the common bonds such as land, interests and common destiny. But this coexistence is exposing for crises and instability and the theft of rights and other that destroy the communities with their different religious, national, sectarian, ethnic aspects, especially if these led to a crisis of fighting or war, which produces only destruction and mass displacement, ttherefore, the process of bridging the gap between the different parts of society in the post-war phase through a set of requirements that serve as the basis for the promotion of peaceful coexistence within the same country to consolidate civil and community peace in order to create a general framework and a coherent basis to reconstruct the community again.      Hence the premise of the research by asking about the extent of the possibility and ability of the community of religious and ethnic diversity, which has been exposed to these crises, which aimed at this diversity, basically to be able to rise and re-integrate within the same country and thus achieve civil and community peace, and Mosul is an example for that, the negative effects of the war and the accomplices of many criminal acts have given rise to hatred and fear for all, leading to the loss of livelihoods, which in the long term may have devastating social and psychological consequences.        To clarify all of this, the title of the first topic was a review of the concept and origin of peaceful coexistence. While the second topic dealt with the requirements of peaceful coexistence and social integration in Mosul, the last topic has identified the most important challenges facing the processes of coexistence and integration in Mosul. All this in order to paint a better future for the conductor at all levels in the near term at the very least to achieve the values of this peaceful coexistence, especially in the post-war period.

Effects of GMO agricultural products on living things

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ERCAN ÇATAK ◽  
Ali ATALAY
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
World Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Living Creature

By obtaining changes on gene sequences of living things with the applied biotechnological methods; The idea of "Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)", which aims to bring the living creature in question the original gene combinations with the desired characteristics, came to life in the late twentieth century. Despite the high probability that hunger problems may increase with the increasing world population; It is thought that plant breeding with classical farming methods will be insufficient in solving these problems. With various GMO applications developed all over the world, it aims to produce solutions to these problems. With the presence of GMO, it was possible to increase the shelf life of qualitative and quantitative values of the existing foods. In addition, decreases in agricultural use of pesticides used in agricultural struggle and threatening human health with GMO production are noteworthy. However, some concerns about anomalies that may occur in living things fed GMO products remain on the agenda. Because, in the long term, there is no clear and precise information that GMO will not have negative effects on living things; There are many recorded incidents showing their negative effects.

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