scholarly journals Unified methodology for estimating efficiency of traffic calming measures – example of Estonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Juri Ess ◽  
Dago Antov
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Geometric Shape ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Traffic Planning ◽  
It Effectiveness ◽  
Traffic Calming

Traffic calming is an integral part of contemporary traffic planning and traffic management being used for fulfilling different tasks such as reducing vehicle speed and traffic volume, and in final terms reducing number of accidents. Traffic calming measures are notstandardized internationally and have significant differences in geometric shape and layout in different countries, as well as in Estonia. At the same time impacts of different calming measures are unstudied well, and often the surveys are incomparable to each other. There are also no certain recommendation which measures should be implemented under different conditions. One of the reasons for that is lack of tested methodology for estimating the effectiveness of calming measures. This paper describes research that aimed at developing such a methodology and conducting a pilot study to test it. Effectiveness of traffic calming measures is estimated from the perspectives of vehicle speed and public acceptance. The new methodology assumes conducting an experiment. It allows comparing efficiency of two or more measures of the same type. The pilot study was conducted in Tallinn with a sample of 30 drivers. Results of this study proved that the new methodology is suitable for estimating effectiveness of traffic calming measures.

scholarly journals Implementation of Telematics Solutions in Urban Agglomerations in the Aspect of Road Incidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ibrahiem M. M. El Emary ◽  
Anna Brzozowska ◽  
Bubel Dagmara
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Traffic Incident ◽  
Traffic Incident Management ◽  
Management Algorithms

Urban mobility is a public service provided by a road traffic management entity. The customer receives access to the road infrastructure and a service of travelling in a city by a transport means of their choice. In the case of road traffic incident management, this issue is becoming increasingly important, as every traffic management entity should deliver a product that meets road users' requirements and expectations. A characteristic element of road traffic management is incidents generated by road infrastructure users that occur at each stage of traffic management. The paper presents the results of research carried out in the aspect of use of appropriate algorithms of traffic incident management on selected national roads, supported by research and scientific discourse on aspects related to telematics systems, with particular emphasis on Intelligent Transport Systems, in order to verify the effectiveness of the implementation of telematics solutions. The issues mentioned above are extremely important in view of the need to acknowledge the expected critical infrastructure. Principles and recommendations used in the selection and implementation of ITS applications become an important element in this respect. The research was used to verify the effectiveness of event management algorithms in road traffic, with different traffic volume and meteorological conditions. Empirical findings used in research allow for the analysis of changes in traffic parameters, such as vehicle speed, traffic volume and detector occupancy, on selected national roads, at specific intervals. This has made it possible to determine the prospects for the development of traffic incident management algorithms, which constitute a set of artificial intelligence methods.

scholarly journals Simulation and measurement of air quality in the traffic congestion area

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Yu ◽  
Chang Tang Chang ◽  
Chih Ming Ma
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Dimensional Distribution

AbstractThe traffic congestion in the Hsuehshan tunnel and at the Toucheng interchange has led to traffic-related air pollution with increasing concern. To ensure the authenticity of our simulation, the concentration of the last 150 m in Hsuehshan tunnel was simulated using the computational fluid dynamics fluid model. The air quality at the Toucheng interchange along a 2 km length highway was simulated using the California Line Source Dispersion Model. The differences in air quality between rush hours and normal traffic conditions were also investigated. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with installed PM2.5 sensors was developed to obtain the three-dimensional distribution of pollutants. On different roads, during the weekend, the concentrations of pollutants such as SOx, CO, NO, and PM2.5 were observed to be in the range of 0.003–0.008, 7.5–15, 1.5–2.5 ppm, and 40–80 μg m− 3, respectively. On weekdays, the vehicle speed and the natural wind were 60 km h− 1 and 2.0 m s− 1, respectively. On weekdays, the SOx, CO, NO, and PM2.5 concentrations were found to be in the range of 0.002–0.003, 3–9, 0.7–1.8 ppm, and 35–50 μg m− 3, respectively. The UAV was used to verify that the PM2.5 concentrations of vertical changes at heights of 9.0, 7.0, 5.0, and 3.0 m were 45–48, 30–35, 25–30, and 50–52 μg m− 3, respectively. In addition, the predicted PM2.5 concentrations were 40–45, 25–30, 45–48, and 45–50 μg m− 3 on weekdays. These results provide a reference model for environmental impact assessments of long tunnels and traffic jam-prone areas. These models and data are useful for transportation planners in the context of creating traffic management plans.

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

scholarly journals Research on the fuel consumption conservation potential of ADAS on passenger cars

2021 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Guogang Qian ◽  
Tieqiang Fu ◽  
Long Sun
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Fuel Saving ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
Network Connection

Under the trend of automobile electrification, network connection, and intelligence, EU and USA have carried out fuel-saving research and initiatives on ADAS and CAV. The eCoMove project has aimed at economically optimal driving control and traffic management; MAVEN discusses the technical path of GLOSA (Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory) and ecological auto-driving EAD (Eco-Autonomous Driving) by smoothing the vehicle speed. The American NEXTCAR project contains multiple projects. When supplemented with DSF (Dynamic Skip Fire) and 48V technology, the road test led by Ohio State University resulted in a 15% fuel saving rate. Platoon and optimizing intersection signal lights can offer vehicles a more fuel-efficient condition; slope energy utilization, HEV SOC active management, cold storage evaporator, coasting, 48V and mDSF (miller cycle Dynamic Skip Fire) fuel-saving potential has been fully utilized.

scholarly journals Analytical Modeling for a Video-Based Vehicle Speed Measurement Framework

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias Dahl ◽  
Saleh Javadi
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Measurement Framework ◽  
Speed Measurement ◽  
Proposed Model

Traffic analyses, particularly speed measurements, are highly valuable in terms of road safety and traffic management. In this paper, an analytical model is presented to measure the speed of a moving vehicle using an off-the-shelf video camera. The method utilizes the temporal sampling rate of the camera and several intrusion lines in order to estimate the probability density function (PDF) of a vehicle’s speed. The proposed model provides not only an accurate estimate of the speed, but also the possibility of being able to study the performance boundaries with respect to the camera frame rate as well as the placement and number of intrusion lines in advance. This analytical model is verified by comparing its PDF outputs with the results obtained via a simulation of the corresponding movements. In addition, as a proof-of-concept, the proposed model is implemented for a video-based vehicle speed measurement system. The experimental results demonstrate the model’s capability in terms of taking accurate measurements of the speed via a consideration of the temporal sampling rate and lowering the deviation by utilizing more intrusion lines. The analytical model is highly versatile and can be used as the core of various video-based speed measurement systems in transportation and surveillance applications.

scholarly journals Integral Index of Traffic Planning: Case-Study of Moscow City’s Transportation System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Petrova ◽  
Andrey Grunin ◽  
Arthur Shakhbazyan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Traffic Planning ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Management Quality ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Key Indicators

The integral indexes are used to measure trends and monitor progress in transportation complex development. The selection of the indicators, included in indexes, is related to the data availability (depends on existence of a specific data sources). The aim of this paper is to provide a development methodology of Integral Index of Traffic Planning (Integral TP Index), which is based on the primary data on vehicle speeds, traffic volumes, number of accidents, etc., for Moscow and allows for basic assessment of transport situation in Russian’s capital. The proposed methodology is a combination of economic and urban approaches to analyze the key indicators of transportation planning efficiency in the metropolis. Four groups of indicators are considered: traffic management efficiency, traffic management quality, transit efficiency and road safety. The integral index considers traffic volumes for various roads and their contributions to the overall transportation system. Division of streets by type (highways, rings, center) makes it possible to take into account specifications the radial-ring streets structure of Moscow. The constructed index is applied to the analysis of Moscow transportation statistics in 2012–2017 provided by the Moscow Traffic Management Center, Yandex and TomTom.

scholarly journals Urban School Area Road Safety Improvement and Assessment with a 3D Piano-Keyboard-Styled Pedestrian Crossing Approach: A Case Study of Chiang Mai University Demonstration School

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6464
Author(s):  
Preda Pichayapan ◽  
Manop Kaewmoracharoen ◽  
Thanatchaporn Peansara ◽  
Patcharapan Nanthavisit
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
The World ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

Traffic accidents are a major cause of death in Thailand. Thailand is ranked third in the world by the World Health Organization for traffic-related deaths. Decreasing road accidents is one of the Thailand National Strategy Goals and also the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Several traffic calming tools for school areas were reviewed for safety improvement. An approach of creating a three-dimensional piano-keyboard-styled pedestrian crossing was implemented. It used a one-point perspective technique to increase driver perception when approaching a pedestrian crossing. The assessment data were observed during 12 weeks of a school semester. A roadside camera was used to record vehicles during the morning peak, midday off-peak, and evening peak traffic. The vehicles’ average speeds were used to compare the pre- and post-installation safety. The results showed that after the new crossing was installed, vehicle speeds drastically decreased. After three weeks, vehicle speeds began to increase. After twelve weeks, the vehicle speeds had gradually increased toward the same level as before the installation. A z-test was performed at the 95% significance level (p-value 0.05), showing that the new crossing approach had only affected vehicle speed during the first three weeks post-installation. Driver familiarity behavior and faded paint were major factors in the results.

A Research of the Green Traffic Planning Strategies in Liangjiang New Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 2860-2865
Author(s):  
Bin Xia ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Fan Yu Kong
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
National Level ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Traffic Planning ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Traffic Theory

Traditional traffic planning theory cannot satisfy the developing requirements of high efficiency, justice, safety, environmental-friendly and low consumption any more in a future city. The successful experience from domestic and international urban transmit development indicates that the fundamental solution to solving urban traffic problem is developing the Green Traffic with sustainable features. As the only inland national-level opening new area, Liangjiang New Area undertakes a new historic mission. Based on many advanced experience of developing the Green Traffic in some domestic and international cities, this article will explain the Green Traffic Theory in depth through the integration of urban traffic and land utilization, the greening of urban integration traffic system, the greening of traffic environment and the greening of urban traffic management. And also, it will discuss the solutions of developing the Green Traffic Planning and provide some assumptions for the Green Traffic Panning in Liangjing New Area.

scholarly journals Analisa Tingkat Keselamatan Lalu Lintas Pada Persimpangan Dengan Metode Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Imam Suhadi ◽  
Nuril Mahda Rangkuti
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Traffic Planning ◽  
Unexpected Events ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Important Means

<em>Teransportasi is the most important means in a country, the development or absence of a country can be measured from the progress teransportasi existing in a conutry, the problems that many occur in Indonesia is a high traffic accident level, especially at the intersections of every road in Indonesia.Accidents are accidental or unexpected events that result in death, injury, or damage to objects. The outline of the accident is caused by four factors, namely human, vehicle, road and environment.TRAFFIC CONFLICT TECHNIQUE (TCT) is a method of observation conducted by collecting accidents that almost happened and see the pettern of the occurrence of accidents. Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT) developed by Departeman of traffic planning and engineering di Lund University di Swedia. Time to Accident (TA) is the time left since evasive action is done until the time of the collision if the road users do not change the speed of the vehicle and does not change the direction of the speed of the vehicle. The TA value is calculated based on the estimated distance (D) and vehicle speed (V) obtained from the survey results.After doing research with TCT method, it is found that the location of the research has the potential to couse an accident.In other words, this method can be used to improve the safety and comfort of road users, can provide a picture of the point of conflict at the intersection of a potential cause of accidents.</em>

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