scholarly journals Analysis of stress relaxation in jointed plain concrete pavements

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Pradena ◽  
Lambert Houben
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Transverse Cracks ◽  
New Equation ◽  
Cracking Process

The cracks in concrete pavements are formed at early-age as consequence of internal stresses in the concrete. Therefore, the stress relaxation has an essential influence on the cracking process. To model this process allows to identify, for instance, the time for saw-cutting the joints or the cracks width that affects load transfer. Previously, the authors proposed a new equation of the relaxation factor, based on a theoretical and practical analysis of the transversal cracking in jointed plain concrete pavements. The objective of the present paper is to analyze the utility of this new equation of relaxation in the design and construction of jointed plain concrete pavements. For that, other cracking processes in plain concrete pavements (jointed and non-jointed) were modelled with the proposed equation. Wherever is possible the modelling results were compared with observations of the real behaviour of pavements. From the design point of view, with the modelling results of transverse crack width (>1.0 mm) is possible to considerate in the design, optimal slabs length with thinner cracks for better aggregate interlock. And for the longitudinal cracking in jointed plain concrete pavements, the modelling and the field observations, yield cracks width that provide load transfer (0.1 mm). From the construction point of view, the cracking process in non-jointed plain concrete pavements, shows is possible to construct pavements of 7 m width in one gang without cracks risk, and adjustments can be made to a better prediction of the time of occurrence of the 1st transverse cracks.

Foundation Modeling for Jointed Concrete Pavements

2000 ◽  
Vol 1730 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Davids
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Joint Load ◽  
Foundation Type ◽  
Dense Liquid

Issues related to the finite element modeling of base and subgrade materials under jointed plain concrete pavements are examined. The threedimensional finite element program EverFE, developed in conjunction with the Washington State Department of Transportation, was employed for the analyses. The relevant modeling capabilities of EverFE are detailed, including the ability to model multiple foundation layers, the incorporation of loss of contact between slab and base, and the efficient iterative solution strategies that make large three-dimensional finite element analyses possible on desktop computers. The results of parametric studies examining the effects of foundation type (layered elastic and dense liquid) and properties on the response of jointed plain concrete pavements subjected to axle and thermal loads are presented. Special attention is paid to the interactions between joint load transfer effectiveness and foundation type, and joint load transfer is shown to change significantly with different foundation models and properties. A consideration of simultaneous thermal and axle loadings indicates that the effect of foundation type and properties on critical slab stresses caused by edge loading and a positive temperature gradient is relatively small. However, the slab response is quite sensitive to foundation type for a combined negative temperature gradient and corner loading. On the basis of these results, use of an equivalent dense liquid foundation modulus in mechanistic rigid pavement analysis or design is not recommended when stiff base layers are present.

Research on Load Transfer Efficiency of GFRP Dowel in Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1152-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Ke Li ◽  
Yun Liang Li ◽  
Yi Qiu Tan ◽  
Zhong Jun Xue
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency

In a jointed plain concrete pavements, the dowel bar system are used to provide lateral load transfer across transverse joint. Corrosion of commonly used steel dowel in engineering practice reduces their service life and costs considerable maintenance and repair spending for concrete pavements. The objective of this study focus primarily on the performance of none eroded GFRP dowel on LTE( load transfer efficiency) with the help of a three-dimensional finite-element model. The amount of LTE can be obtained directly from comparing the maximum deflection of the concrete slab and the level tensile stress under the concrete slab. According to the finite element results, the larger-diameter GFRP dowel are found to perform the best in this study.

scholarly journals Laboratory Characterization of The Load Transfer-Crack Width Relation for Innovative Short Concrete Slabs Pavements

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Pradena ◽  
Lambert Houben ◽  
Andrés César
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Crack Width ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Reduced Scale

Aggregate interlock is the dominant load transfer mechanism in non-dowelled Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements, as the innovative short concrete slabs. Although the Load Transfer Efficiency of this pavement innovation is based on that mechanism, the structural design methods do not relate the Load Transfer Efficiency by aggregate interlock with its direct cause, which is the Crack Width under the joints. The objective of the present article is to characterise in the laboratory the Load Transfer Efficiency−Crack Width relation for innovative short slabs Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements. Additionally, as an alternative to large-scale laboratory tests to study the Load Transfer Efficiency, a practical test on a reduced scale is proposed. The results confirmed that short slabs Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements with high-quality aggregates are able to provide adequate Load Transfer Efficiency (above 70%) without dowels bars. Based on the laboratory results, complemented with previous field data, a Load Transfer Efficiency−Crack Width curve is proposed and made available for structural design methods of short slabs Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements. Finally, the laboratory test on a reduced scale is useful to develop specific Load Transfer Efficiency−Crack Width relations using standard equipment available in traditional concrete laboratories.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Dowels in Concrete Pavement

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Grosek ◽  
Andrea Zuzulova ◽  
Ilja Brezina
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Direct Measurements

Dowels are located in transverse joints of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements (JPCP) and they are used to provide load transfer between individual slabs, reduce faulting and improve performance. Dowels and the concrete itself are under the highest stress in the vicinity of joints; thus, in terms of pavement design, the joints are the weakest points of the whole structure. This study dealt with the drawbacks of JPCP with dowels. The evaluation was based on direct measurements on real airport and motorway pavements and highlights insufficient efficiency of load transfer and its possible causes. The authors present a successful outcome with validation by using the finite element method where high tensile stress values of the surrounding concrete were found.

scholarly journals Smoothness variations in early-age jointed plain concrete pavements

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1388-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghwan Kim ◽  
Halil Ceylan ◽  
Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Pavement Temperature

This paper discusses the variations in the early-age pavement smoothness at different measurement times and locations in three jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCPs) representing different ranges of construction times. Surface profile measurements were made during the early morning and late afternoon hours at different locations of the instrumented JPCPs during the first 7 d after construction. Variations in pavement temperature during this critical period were monitored using temperature sensors installed within the test sections. The results show that measurable changes of early-age jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP) smoothness do occur at different measurement times and locations. Within the scope of this study, it can be concluded that the variations in early-age JPCP smoothness can be significant from the standpoint of smoothness specifications. The findings of this study also indicate that morning paving produces consistent smoothness measurements when compared with afternoon paving.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Pavement considering Void beneath Slabs and Joints LTE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Bangyi Liu ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Linhao Gu ◽  
Dalin Wang ◽  
Xiaoming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Void Size ◽  
Fea Model ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Mesh Convergence

Dowel bars are arranged between two slabs of jointed plain concrete pavements to transfer load between them. The looseness of these dowel bars leads to the decrease of the load transfer efficiency (LTE). Meanwhile, repeated vehicle load can result in void near the joints. In this paper, the behaviors of concrete pavement under the effect of void size and joint stiffness were studied by using ABAQUS software. The FEA model was calibrated for different element parameters based on mesh convergence analysis and validated by comparison with previous studies. The voids beneath slabs were considered in this study, including the loaded slab and unloaded slab. The different effects of base course modulus on the stress of loaded slab are also analysed. It is concluded that the results show that the void size and joint stiffness affect the stress of the loaded plate. Smaller void size and larger joint stiffness will lead to the maximum stress located at the bottom of the loaded slab, and the void size has little effect on the stress of the loaded slab. Otherwise, the larger void size will cause larger stress. The effect of base modulus on stress is similar.

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