scholarly journals Field observations of the early-age behavior of jointed plain concrete pavements

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy Haden Schell
Keyword(s):  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Field Observations

scholarly journals Smoothness variations in early-age jointed plain concrete pavements

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1388-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghwan Kim ◽  
Halil Ceylan ◽  
Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Pavement Temperature

This paper discusses the variations in the early-age pavement smoothness at different measurement times and locations in three jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCPs) representing different ranges of construction times. Surface profile measurements were made during the early morning and late afternoon hours at different locations of the instrumented JPCPs during the first 7 d after construction. Variations in pavement temperature during this critical period were monitored using temperature sensors installed within the test sections. The results show that measurable changes of early-age jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP) smoothness do occur at different measurement times and locations. Within the scope of this study, it can be concluded that the variations in early-age JPCP smoothness can be significant from the standpoint of smoothness specifications. The findings of this study also indicate that morning paving produces consistent smoothness measurements when compared with afternoon paving.

scholarly journals Analysis of stress relaxation in jointed plain concrete pavements

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Pradena ◽  
Lambert Houben
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Transverse Cracks ◽  
New Equation ◽  
Cracking Process

The cracks in concrete pavements are formed at early-age as consequence of internal stresses in the concrete. Therefore, the stress relaxation has an essential influence on the cracking process. To model this process allows to identify, for instance, the time for saw-cutting the joints or the cracks width that affects load transfer. Previously, the authors proposed a new equation of the relaxation factor, based on a theoretical and practical analysis of the transversal cracking in jointed plain concrete pavements. The objective of the present paper is to analyze the utility of this new equation of relaxation in the design and construction of jointed plain concrete pavements. For that, other cracking processes in plain concrete pavements (jointed and non-jointed) were modelled with the proposed equation. Wherever is possible the modelling results were compared with observations of the real behaviour of pavements. From the design point of view, with the modelling results of transverse crack width (>1.0 mm) is possible to considerate in the design, optimal slabs length with thinner cracks for better aggregate interlock. And for the longitudinal cracking in jointed plain concrete pavements, the modelling and the field observations, yield cracks width that provide load transfer (0.1 mm). From the construction point of view, the cracking process in non-jointed plain concrete pavements, shows is possible to construct pavements of 7 m width in one gang without cracks risk, and adjustments can be made to a better prediction of the time of occurrence of the 1st transverse cracks.

Determination of Sample Size and Influencing Factors to Characterize Faulting in Jointed Concrete Pavements

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199670
Author(s):  
Ruohan Li ◽  
Jorge A. Prozzi
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Jointed Concrete Pavement ◽  
Functional Classes ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Departments Of Transportation

The objective of this study is to evaluate the field variability of jointed concrete pavement (JCP) faulting and its effects on pavement performance. The standard deviation of faulting along both the longitudinal and transverse directions are calculated. Based on these, the overall variability is determined, and the required sample sizes needed for a given precision at a certain confidence level are calculated and presented. This calculation is very important as state departments of transportation are required to report faulting every 0.1 mi to the Federal Highway Administration as required by the 2015 FAST Act. On average, twice the number of measurements are needed on jointed reinforced concrete pavements (JRCP) to achieve the same confidence and precision as on jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP). For example, a sample size of 13 is needed to achieve a 95% confidence interval with a precision of 1.0 mm for average faulting of JPCP, while 26 measurements are required for JRCP ones. Average faulting was found to correlate with several climatic, structural, and traffic variables, while no significant difference was found between edge and outer wheelpath measurements. The application of Portland cement concrete overlay and the use of dowel bars (rather than aggregate interlock) are found to significantly reduce faulting. Older sections located on higher functional classes, and in regions of high precipitation or where the daily temperature change is larger, tend to have higher faulting, and might require larger samples sizes as compared with the rest when faulting surveys are to be conducted.

Performance evaluation of jointed plain concrete pavements with sealed and unsealed joints in North Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
Mena I. Souliman ◽  
Ashish Tripathi ◽  
Lubinda F. Walubita ◽  
Mayzan M. Isied
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
North Texas ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Joint sealing in jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP) has been practiced throughout the world for many years as it improves the performance of concrete pavements. The infiltration of water is a common problem in concrete pavements and often increases distresses, such as faulting and pumping. For this reason, sealing the joints can help reduce water infiltration. Additionally, the infiltration of sand and small stones, aggregates, or debris into the joints can also be prevented, consequently reducing joint spalling in concrete pavements. However, it is also reported that joint sealing increases the initial cost of construction, especially if the joints need to be resealed, which leads to some additional costs. In this study, the pavement distress data was collected from the long-term pavement performance (LTPP) database for all the JPCPs sections in North Texas. The study illustrates the relative field performance in terms of spalling, faulting, roughness, and deflections of JPCP sections for both sealed and unsealed LTPP sections of North Texas.

New Long-Life Concrete Pavements in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohuslav Slánský ◽  
Vit Šmilauer ◽  
Jiří Hlavatý ◽  
Richard Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Isothermal Calorimetry ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Hydration Kinetics

A jointed plain concrete pavement represents a reliable, historically proven technical solution for highly loaded roads, highways, airports and other industrial surfaces. Excellent resistance to permanent deformations (rutting) and also durability and maintenance costs play key roles in assessing the economic benefits, rehabilitation plans, traffic closures, consumption and recycling of materials. In the history of concrete pavement construction, slow-to-normal hardening Portland cement was used in Czechoslovakia during the 1970s-1980s. The pavements are being replaced after 40-50 years of service, mostly due to vertical slab displacements due to missing dowel bars. However, pavements built after 1996 used rapid hardening cements, resulting in long-term surface cracking and decreased durability. In order to build durable concrete pavements, slower hardening slag-blended binders were designed and tested in the restrained ring shrinkage test and in isothermal calorimetry. Corresponding concretes were tested mainly for the compressive/tensile strength evolution and deicing salt-frost scaling to meet current specifications. The pilot project was executed on a 14 km highway, where a unique temperature-strain monitoring system was installed to provide long-term data from the concrete pavement. A thermo-mechanical coupled model served for data validation, showing a beneficial role of slower hydration kinetics. Continuous monitoring interim results at 24 months have revealed small curling induced by drying and the overall small differential shrinkage of the slab.

Continuously reinforced bonded concrete overlay of distressed jointed plain concrete pavements

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 1110-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Woo Ryu ◽  
Hoon Ill Won ◽  
Seongcheol Choi ◽  
Moon C. Won
Keyword(s):  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Bonded Concrete Overlay

Backcalculation of Thermally Deformed Concrete Pavements

2000 ◽  
Vol 1716 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir N. Shoukry
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Slab Thickness ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Falling Weight

Nonlinear explicit three-dimensional finite element (3-D FE) modeling is used to investigate the performance of the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) test in the evaluation of layer moduli of jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) subjected to nonlinear thermal gradient through the slab thickness. Concrete slab separation from the base, in-plane friction at the concrete-base interface, the gravitational forces, and the interface characteristics between dowel bars and surrounding concrete are all represented in the 3-D FE model. Experimental verification of the model is obtained through comparison of the 3-D FE generated response to ( a) the FWD measured deflection basin and ( b) the measured response of an instrumented rigid pavement section located in Ohio to a loaded truck moving at 21.8 m/s (48 mph). Several cases of linear and nonlinear thermal gradients are applied to the model, and deflection basins are obtained. Two backcalculation programs, MODULUS 5.0 and EVERCALC 4.0, are used for prediction of the layer moduli in each case, and the values are compared. The results indicate that thermal curling of the slab due to negative thermal gradient has little effect on the accuracy of backcalculated moduli. Warping of the slab due to positive thermal gradient greatly influences the measured FWD deflection basin and leads to significant errors in the backcalculated moduli. These errors may be minimized if the time an FWD test is conducted falls between the late afternoon and midmorning (from 5:30 p.m. to 9:30 a.m. during summer in West Virginia).

Foundation Modeling for Jointed Concrete Pavements

2000 ◽  
Vol 1730 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Davids
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Joint Load ◽  
Foundation Type ◽  
Dense Liquid

Issues related to the finite element modeling of base and subgrade materials under jointed plain concrete pavements are examined. The threedimensional finite element program EverFE, developed in conjunction with the Washington State Department of Transportation, was employed for the analyses. The relevant modeling capabilities of EverFE are detailed, including the ability to model multiple foundation layers, the incorporation of loss of contact between slab and base, and the efficient iterative solution strategies that make large three-dimensional finite element analyses possible on desktop computers. The results of parametric studies examining the effects of foundation type (layered elastic and dense liquid) and properties on the response of jointed plain concrete pavements subjected to axle and thermal loads are presented. Special attention is paid to the interactions between joint load transfer effectiveness and foundation type, and joint load transfer is shown to change significantly with different foundation models and properties. A consideration of simultaneous thermal and axle loadings indicates that the effect of foundation type and properties on critical slab stresses caused by edge loading and a positive temperature gradient is relatively small. However, the slab response is quite sensitive to foundation type for a combined negative temperature gradient and corner loading. On the basis of these results, use of an equivalent dense liquid foundation modulus in mechanistic rigid pavement analysis or design is not recommended when stiff base layers are present.

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