scholarly journals Construction and Implementation of Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Arrays for Chronic and Acute In Vivo Recordings

10.3791/62760 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen N. Reikersdorfer ◽  
Andrea K. Stacy ◽  
David A. Bressler ◽  
Lauren S. Hayashi ◽  
Keith B. Hengen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Microelectrode Arrays ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode

scholarly journals Laser Sharpening of Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Arrays for Brain Recording

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianshu Dong ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Albert Shih
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Microelectrode Arrays ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Bath Surface ◽  
Insertion Force ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Microwire microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are implanted in the brain for recording neuron activities to study the brain function. Among various microwire materials, carbon fiber stands out due to its small diameter (5–10 μm), relatively high Young's modulus, and low electrical resistance. Microwire tips in MEAs are often sharpened to reduce the insertion force and prevent the thin microwires from buckling. Currently, carbon fiber MEAs are sharpened by either torch burning, which limits the positions of wire tips to a water bath surface plane, or electrical discharge machining, which is difficult to implement to the nonelectrically conductive carbon fiber with parylene-C insulation. A laser-based carbon fiber sharpening method proposed in this study enables the fabrication of carbon fiber MEAs with sharp tips and custom lengths. Experiments were conducted to study effects of laser input voltage and transverse speed on carbon fiber tip geometry. Results of the tip sharpness and stripped length of the insulation as well as the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement at 1 kHz were evaluated and analyzed. The laser input voltage and traverse speed have demonstrated to be critical for the sharp tip, short stripped length, and low electrical impedance of the carbon fiber electrode for brain recording MEAs. A carbon fiber MEA with custom electrode lengths was fabricated to validate the laser-based approach.

Laser Sharpening of Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Arrays for Brain Recording

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianshu Dong ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Albert Shih
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Microelectrode Arrays ◽  
Insertion Force ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode ◽  
Array Pattern ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Moving Speed

Abstract Microwire microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are implanted in the brain for recording neuron activities to study the brain functioning mechanism. Among various microwire materials that had been applied, carbon fiber is outstanding due to its small footprint (6–7 μm), relatively high Young’s modulus, and low electrical resistance. Tips of microwire in MEAs are often sharpened to reduce insertion force. Currently, carbon fiber MEAs are sharpened with either torch burning, which can only give a uniform length of wires in an array, or electrical discharge machining (EDM), which requires circuit connection with each single carbon fiber. The sharp tip results from intense burning induced by a flame or spark, leading to poor repeatability and controllability of the sharp tip geometry. In this paper, a laser-based, non-contact carbon fiber sharpening method is proposed, which enables controllable and repeatable production of carbon fiber MEAs of custom electrode lengths, insulation stripping lengths, and sharpened tips. Path of laser movement is designed according to desired array pattern. Variation in tip geometry can be accomplished by changing laser output power and moving speed. Test with different laser parameters (output power and moving speed) were conducted. Tip sharpening results were evaluated and analyzed in terms of tip geometry and insulation stripping length. Results showed that to achieve the desired MEA with sharper tip and shorter insulation stripping length, a higher laser power with faster moving speed is preferred.

In Vivo Monitoring of Oxygen in Rat Brain by Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Modified with Antifouling Nanoporous Membrane

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 3645-3651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Hanfeng Hou ◽  
Huan Wei ◽  
Lina Yao ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Nanoporous Membrane ◽  
In Vivo Monitoring ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode

scholarly journals Chronicin vivostability assessment of carbon fiber microelectrode arrays

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 066002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paras R Patel ◽  
Huanan Zhang ◽  
Matthew T Robbins ◽  
Justin B Nofar ◽  
Shaun P Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Microelectrode Arrays ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode

Ferricyanide-backfilled cylindrical carbon fiber microelectrodes for in vivo analysis with high stability and low polarized potential

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (21) ◽  
pp. 7154-7159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peipei Zhong ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Junjie Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode ◽  
In Vivo Analysis ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrodes

A ferricyanide-backfilled cylindrical carbon fiber microelectrode of high stability and low polarized potential was fabricated and used for in vivo analysis.

scholarly journals In vivo voltammetry monitoring of electrically evoked extracellular norepinephrine in subregions of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 1731-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie R. Herr ◽  
Jinwoo Park ◽  
Zoé A. McElligott ◽  
Anna M. Belle ◽  
Regina M. Carelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Local Application ◽  
Stria Terminalis ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Bed Nucleus ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode ◽  
Systemic Application

Norepinephrine (NE) is an easily oxidized neurotransmitter that is found throughout the brain. Considerable evidence suggests that it plays an important role in neurocircuitry related to fear and anxiety responses. In certain subregions of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), NE is found in large amounts. In this work we probed differences in electrically evoked release of NE and its regulation by the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and the α2-adrenergic autoreceptor (α2-AR) in two regions of the BNST of anesthetized rats. NE was monitored in the dorsomedial BNST (dmBNST) and ventral BNST (vBNST) by fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber microelectrodes. Pharmacological agents were introduced either by systemic application (intraperitoneal injection) or by local application (iontophoresis). The iontophoresis barrels were attached to a carbon fiber microelectrode to allow simultaneous detection of evoked NE release and quantitation of iontophoretic delivery. Desipramine (DMI), an inhibitor of NET, increased evoked release and slowed clearance of released NE in both regions independent of the mode of delivery. However, the effects of DMI were more robust in the vBNST than in the dmBNST. Similarly, the α2-AR autoreceptor inhibitor idazoxan (IDA) enhanced NE release in both regions but to a greater extent in the vBNST by both modes of delivery. Since both local application by iontophoresis and systemic application of IDA had similar effects on NE release, our results indicate that terminal autoreceptors play a predominant role in the inhibition of subsequent release.

A new design of carbon fiber microelectrode for in vivo voltammetry using fused silica

1997 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur H Swiergiel ◽  
Vitaly S Palamarchouk ◽  
Adrian J Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
In Vivo Voltammetry ◽  
Carbon Fiber Microelectrode
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