scholarly journals SCHWANNOMAS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-117
Author(s):  
Beatrice Lintoiu ◽  
◽  
Irina Balescu ◽  
Nicolae Bacalbasa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Malignant Degeneration ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Neural Sheath

Schwannomas are rare tumors originating from the Schwann cells, that form the neural sheath. These tumors occur most frequently in the head, neck, arms and limbs. Primary schwannomas of the colon and rectum are extremely rare. They are usually benign. Pre-operative biopsy examinations may be difficult and immunohistochemistry is necessary for the correct diagnosis. In contrast to gastrointestinal stromal tumors, schwannomas are negative for CD117 and positive for S100 protein and vimentin. In extremely rare cases, they can present with malignant degeneration if not surgically removed. Therefore, the gold standard treatment for schwannomas is surgical resection.

Multislice imaging of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Preferential Localization ◽  
Multislice Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography Diagnosis

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract (1%). These tumors express the CD 117 in 95% of cases. The stomach is the preferential localization (70%). Diagnosis is difficult and sometimes late. Progress of imaging has greatly improved the management and the prognosis. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis, staging, and treatment follow-up. The increasing recognition of GIST’s histopathology and the prolonged survival revealed some suggestive imaging aspects. Key words: gastro-intestinal stromal tumors; computed tomography; diagnosis

Extraordinarily Large Malignant Extra Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumor Presenting as an Abdominal Mass

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
P Paudyal ◽  
TN Subba ◽  
A Pradhan ◽  
S Dhakal ◽  
S Karki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ◽  
Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Histology And Immunohistochemistry

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare of all gastrointestinal neoplasms with histology and immunohistochemistry similar to gastrointestinal stromal tumors. They occur outside the gastrointestinal tract rarely and are, hence, called the extra gastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST). Herein, we report a rare case of malignant extra intestinal gastrointestinal tumor. Case report: A 39 yr old female presented to the surgical OPD with a lump in the abdomen since 4 months. We received a lobulated tumor which measured 40x25x20 cm3 and showed capsule. Cut surface was predominantly solid, grey white with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis along with cystic areas. Histopathology and immunohisto chemistry revealed it to be a malignant EGIST of mesentery because of no continuity of the tumor with the small intestine microscopically. Conclusion: EGIST is a rare no epithelial tumor of mesentery. Omentum histopathological examination is a standard technique to diagnose the tumor and to differentiate it immunohistochemically from other tumors having similar morphology. Correct diagnosis plays valuable role in the treatment.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the colon and rectum

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Alexandra Roşulescu ◽  
Nicolae Pechianu ◽  
Monica Hortopan ◽  
Mihaela Mihai ◽  
Simona Dima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Colon And Rectum

Rare Tumors of the Colorectal Region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S Abelson ◽  
Heather L Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Rectal Neoplasms ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Anus Neoplasms ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Rare Tumors ◽  
Retrorectal Tumors ◽  
Anal Melanoma ◽  
Colon And Rectum

Rare tumors of the colon and rectum account for less than 5% of all colorectal tumors. The most common of these rare tumors include anorectal melanoma, rectal neuroendocrine tumors, rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and retrorectal tumors. Their prognosis is varied and depends on underling pathology. Surgery plays an important role in many of these tumors. Molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapy have expanding roles in GIST and anal melanoma, respectively. Adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be employed in specific circumstances of unresectable or metastatic disease or for symptom control.  This review contains 4 figures, 6 tables and 60 references.  Key words: anal canal, antineoplastic agents, anus neoplasms, chordoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, melanoma, neuroendocrine tumors, operative, radiotherapy, rectal neoplasms, surgical procedures

scholarly journals Clinical Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST): From the Molecular Genetic Point of View

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao-En Wu ◽  
Chin-Yuan Tzen ◽  
Shang-Yu Wang ◽  
Chun-Nan Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) originating from the interstitial cells of Cajal are mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and have been found to harbor c-KIT mutations and KIT (CD117) expression since 1998. Later, PDGFRA mutations, SDH alterations, and other drive mutations were identified in GISTs. In addition, more and more protein markers such as DOG1, PKCθ were found to be expressed in GISTs which might help clinicians diagnose CD117-negative GISTs. Therefore, we plan to comprehensively review the molecular markers and genetics of GISTs and provide clinicians useful information in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of GISTs. Twenty years after the discovery of KIT in GISTs, the diagnosis of GISTs became much more accurate by using immunohistochemical (IHC) panel (CD117/DOG1) and molecular analysis (KIT/PDGFRA), both of which constitute the gold standard of diagnosis in GISTs. The accurately molecular diagnosis of GISTs guides clinicians to precision medicine and provides optimal treatment for the patients with GISTs. Successful treatment in GISTs prolongs the survival of GIST patients and causes GISTs to become a chronic disease. In the future, the development of effective treatment for GISTs resistant to imatinib/sunitinib/regorafenib and KIT/PDGFRA-WT GISTs will be the challenge for GISTs.

scholarly journals Predictive features for histology of gastric subepithelial lesions

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Ricardo Teles SCHULZ ◽  
Lizandra Castilho FABIO ◽  
Matheus Cavalcante FRANCO ◽  
Sheila A SIQUEIRA ◽  
Paulo SAKAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Gastric Body ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Outer Border ◽  
Subepithelial Lesion ◽  
Subepithelial Lesions

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Gastric subepithelial lesion is a relatively common diagnosis after routine upper endoscopy. The diagnostic workup of an undetermined gastric subepithelial lesion should take into consideration clinical and endoscopic features. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association between patients' characteristics, endoscopic and echographic features with the histologic diagnosis of the gastric subepithelial lesions. METHODS This is a retrospective study with 55 patients, who were consecutively diagnosed with gastric subepithelial lesions, from October 2008 to August 2011. Patients' characteristics, endoscopic and echografic features of each gastric subepithelial lesion were analysed. Histologic diagnosis provided by EUS-guided fine needle aspiration or endoscopic/surgical resection was used as gold standard. RESULTS The probability of gastrointestinal stromal tumors to be located in the cardia was low (4.5%), while for leiomyoma it was high (>95%). In addition, there was a higher risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in patients older than 57 years (OR 8.9; 95% CI), with lesions ≥21 mm (OR 7.15; 95% CI), located at 4th layer (OR 18.8; 95% CI), with positive Doppler sign (OR 9; 95% CI), and irregular outer border (OR 7.75; 95% CI). CONCLUSION The location of gastric subepithelial lesions in the gastric cardia lowers the risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. While gastric subepithelial lesions occurring in elderly patients, located in the gastric body, with positive Doppler signal and irregular outer border increase the risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

scholarly journals Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anukaran Mahajan ◽  
Karunesh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Genomic Testing ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Head Neck

Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) remains one of the most enigmatic tumors encountered by laryngotologists-head neck surgeons. Its origin at a particular age in a particular sex has intrigued many. Histopathologically benign, JNAs are locally aggressive tumors with tendency to cause massive recurrent nasal bleeds. While surgery remains the gold standard treatment, a paradigm shift from open approaches to endoscopic approach is noted. Recent advances in genomic testing, radiodiagnosis and endoscopic nasal surgeries allow us to manage these tumors more efficiently. Introduction of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic surgery, and interventional radiology (embolisation) has further helped in this cause. This chapter aims to give a brief overview of all these aspects related to JNA with the hope to initiate more ENT surgeons to contribute to further research on this benign but dangerous tumor.

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