scholarly journals Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anukaran Mahajan ◽  
Karunesh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Genomic Testing ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Head Neck

Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) remains one of the most enigmatic tumors encountered by laryngotologists-head neck surgeons. Its origin at a particular age in a particular sex has intrigued many. Histopathologically benign, JNAs are locally aggressive tumors with tendency to cause massive recurrent nasal bleeds. While surgery remains the gold standard treatment, a paradigm shift from open approaches to endoscopic approach is noted. Recent advances in genomic testing, radiodiagnosis and endoscopic nasal surgeries allow us to manage these tumors more efficiently. Introduction of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic surgery, and interventional radiology (embolisation) has further helped in this cause. This chapter aims to give a brief overview of all these aspects related to JNA with the hope to initiate more ENT surgeons to contribute to further research on this benign but dangerous tumor.

scholarly journals Tumor motion in lung cancers: An overview of four-dimensional radiotherapy treatment of lung cancers

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Anusheel Munshi ◽  
Nilaxi Khataniar ◽  
Tharmar Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Active Motion ◽  
Image Guided Radiotherapy ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
A Site ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Radiotherapy Treatment

AbstractMost modern radiotherapy centers have adopted contouring based treatment. Sparing of the normal structures has been made more achievable than ever before by use of technologies such as Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Image guided radiotherapy (IGRT). However, unlike, sites such as brain or head neck, thorax is a site in active motion, mostly contributed by patient's respiratory movement. 4 D radiotherapy, that addresses the issues of motion in thoracic tumours answers this critical question. The present article outlines the scope of need for 4 D radiotherapy and discusses the options available for 4 D treatments of cancer patients.

scholarly journals SCHWANNOMAS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-117
Author(s):  
Beatrice Lintoiu ◽  
◽  
Irina Balescu ◽  
Nicolae Bacalbasa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Malignant Degeneration ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Neural Sheath

Schwannomas are rare tumors originating from the Schwann cells, that form the neural sheath. These tumors occur most frequently in the head, neck, arms and limbs. Primary schwannomas of the colon and rectum are extremely rare. They are usually benign. Pre-operative biopsy examinations may be difficult and immunohistochemistry is necessary for the correct diagnosis. In contrast to gastrointestinal stromal tumors, schwannomas are negative for CD117 and positive for S100 protein and vimentin. In extremely rare cases, they can present with malignant degeneration if not surgically removed. Therefore, the gold standard treatment for schwannomas is surgical resection.

Atlas-based Auto-contouring – Balancing Accuracy with Efficiency in OnQ rts®

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Barley ◽  
Clare Antoine ◽  
Gareth Webster ◽  
Marie Tiffany ◽  
Navinah Nundlall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Organs At Risk ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Conformity Index ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
Set Up

Atlas-based auto segmentation with OnQ rts® has been shown to deliver time-savings for the delineation of organs at risk in head and neck patients being treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. However, as the initial time to set up atlases can be high in busy departments the optimal number of atlas cases needed for auto-contouring was investigated. Using conformity index and mean distance to conformity to compare automatically generated with gold standard clinical contours, it was found that the majority of contours were unaffected by reducing the number of atlas cases from 30 to 10. The optimum number of atlas cases, however, was considered to be 20 due to the reduction in accuracy of the mandible, larynx and brain, below this level.

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