scholarly journals A STUDY ON OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF ANTI-WEAR ADDITIVES FOR MOTOR LUBRICATING OILS DEPENDING ON THEIR PROCESSING AND SEDIMENTATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Arshavir P. Perekrestov ◽  
Ali Salameh ◽  
Vasiliy A. Chanchikov ◽  
Ivan N. Guzhvenko ◽  
Abdullahi Y. Abubakarov
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Solid Component ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Molybdenum Diselenide ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Sedimentation Resistance ◽  
Additive Solution

The article presents studies on the dependence of sedimentation resistance of the anti-wear additive solid component for marine diesel trunk-type internal combustion engines on the technological conditions of its manufacturing. A friction modifier, molybdenum diselenide, which has optimal anti-wear properties, was selected as a solid component. The authors consider the process of sedimentation of a given substance, stabilized in the volume of an additive solution with unsaturated acids, at different times of rotary stirring, and under the influence of subsequent treatment of the prepared solution with ultrasound. The mass of the solution solid component is studied as irretrievably precipitated over various periods of storage time of the additive solutions, subjected to rotary stirring and additional ultrasonic treatment. The recommended storage time of the considered anti-wear additive with a 10% content of molybdenum diselenide has been established.

scholarly journals Research and development of commercially viable lubricants to intensify working life of marine diesel engines and cylinder piston group in internal combustion engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Aleksandrovich Chanchikov ◽  
Ivan Nikolaevich Guzhvenko ◽  
Alexandr Ivanovich Andreev ◽  
Marina Aleksandrovna Shulimova ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Svekolnykov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Piston Group ◽  
Molybdenum Diselenide ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Cylinder Piston

The paper presents the results of studying the influence of variable characteristics of lubricating oils for marine diesel engines (concentration of layered friction modifier in lubricating oil, viscosity of lubricating oil, contact pressure in the friction zone) on the tribological parameters of parts of the cylinder-piston group of marine diesel engines. There are considered the aspects of increasing the reliability and wear resistance of the cylinder-piston group of marine diesel engines when a layered friction modifier is added to the base lubricating oil in a concentration of 1.5 vol.%. There have been carried out the comparative tribological studies of M-16G2CS lubricating oil including an additive based on molybdenum diselenide. Dependences of the wear of parts of the cylinder-piston group of a marine engine on different parameters of the studied lubricants are shown. The wear rate of experimental samples in conditions of variable characteristics of lubricants has been studied. According to the tribological studies of lubricants and structural materials, the tribological rating of lubricating compositions containing M16G2CS marine engine oil as a base and a layered friction modifier - molybdenum diselenide as a tribologically active additive was built. The test tool for the antiwear ability of lubricants is a friction machine of an original design with abraded samples according to the “ball-cylinder” contact scheme. Mechanical mixing of the lubricating medium of “oil + additive” type on the RPU-0.8-55A rotary-pulsating unit was one of the variable parameters in the tests. The tribological efficiency of the studied antiwear additive varies depending on the type of mixing of the additive solution before adding to the base lubricating oil and makes 13-54% (the difference in the diameter of the wear spot of the sample) for mechanical mixing, and for rotary-pulsation mixing - 45-56%.

scholarly journals Tribological investigation of applicability of nano-sized cupricoxide (CuO) ceramic material in automotive vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-343
Author(s):  
Álmos Tóth ◽  
Á.I. Szabó ◽  
R. Kuti ◽  
J. Rohde-Brandenburger
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Copper Material ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Ball On Disc

Due to the continuously increasing requirements of the internal combustion engines, the lubricants and their additives have to be further developed. One possible solution is the application of ceramic nanoparticles as friction modifier and wear decreaser additives. This paper presents the tribological investigation of cupricoxide (CuO) nanoparticle mixed in neat Group 3 base oil. To analyse its properties, simplified ball-on-disc friction experiments were carried out in the tribological laboratory in the Széchenyi István University in Győr, Hungary. The arisen wear scars were analysed with different, highresolution microscopes to understand the working mechanism of the nanoparticles. The results have indicated an optimum concentration of nanoparticles at 0.5wt% where both the average friction coefficient and the wear scar diameter were reduced by 15%. The microscopical investigation revealed the reduction of copper material from the CuO material, and it has mended to the rubbing surface forming a protective film on the metal surface.

scholarly journals A Model of Fuel Combustion Process in The Marine Reciprocating Engine Work Space Taking Into Account Load and Wear of Crankshaft-Piston Assembly and The Theory of Semi-Markov Processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Girtler
Keyword(s):  
Markov Processes ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Work Space ◽  
State Process ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Semi Markov Processes

Abstract The article analyses the operation of reciprocal internal combustion engines, with marine engines used as an example. The analysis takes into account types of energy conversion in the work spaces (cylinders) of these engines, loads of their crankshaft-piston assemblies, and types of fuel combustion which can take place in these spaces during engine operation. It is highlighted that the analysed time-dependent loads of marine internal combustion engine crankshaft-piston assemblies are random processes. It is also indicated that the wear of elements of those assemblies resulting from their load should also be considered a random process. A hypothesis is formulated which explains random nature of load and the absence of the theoretically expected detonation combustion in engines supplied with such fuels as Diesel Oil, Marine Diesel Oil, and Heavy Fuel Oil. A model is proposed for fuel combustion in an arbitrary work space of a marine Diesel engine, which has the form of a stochastic four-state process, discrete in states and continuous in time. The model is based on the theory of semi-Markov processes.

scholarly journals An algorithm for comparative analysis of power and storage systems for maritime applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 334 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Massimo Rivarolo ◽  
Federico Iester ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Market Solutions ◽  
And Storage

This paper presents an innovative algorithm to compare traditional and innovative energy systems onboard for maritime applications. The solutions are compared adopting a multi-criteria method, considering four parameters (weight, volume, cost, emissions) and their relevance according to the kind of ship and navigation route. The algorithm, which includes a large and updated database of market solutions, leads to the implementation of HELM (Helper for Energy Layouts in Maritime applications) tool. HELM was conceived to support the design of maritime systems: it chooses the best technology comparing traditional marine diesel engines, propulsion systems with alternative fuels (methanol, ammonia, LNG) and innovative low-emission technologies (fuel cell and batteries). Two case studies are investigated: (i) a small passenger ship for short routes (ii) and a large size ro-ro cargo ship. For case (i), fuel cells represent a competitive solution, in particular considering navigation in emission control areas. For case study (ii) Internal Combustion Engines shows are the best solution. The evaluation of alternative fuels is performed, considering a sensitivity analysis on emissions’ importance: methanol, LNG, and ammonia are promising solutions. For case (i), the installation of electrical batteries is also evaluated to analyse potential advantages to reduce the amount of H2 stored onboard.

Efficiency of Application of the Friction Modifier in Internal Combustion Engines by the Results of Field Tests

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-646
Author(s):  
J Padgurskas ◽  
◽  
E Jaškauskas ◽  
R Rukuiža ◽  
I Kavaliova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Friction Modifier

Application of HFRT Methods to Diagnose the Technical Condition of High-Speed Marine Diesel Engines

2015 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lus
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Naval Academy ◽  
Marine Diesel

The paper presents problems related to testing of the technical condition of high-speed marine diesel engines that are not equipped with indicated valves, as it is in the case of larger medium-and low-speed marine internal combustion engines. In this case, in assessment of technical condition of engine fuel injection system and valve gear system a vibration signals (in time / angle domain) analysis modified method called HFRT (High Frequency Resonance Technique) can be used. This method indirectly helps also to evaluate the fuel combustion process in the engine cylinders. The paper presents the theoretical basis of a modified HFRT method, physical implementation of the marine diesel engine system’s analyzer used for marine engines testing built at the Institute of Construction and Operation of Ships at Polish Naval Academy (PNA) in Gdynia. The paper also includes a description of the vibration signal processing methodology and examples of measurements made in the ships conditions for a few selected types of engines.

scholarly journals Study on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Marine Diesel Oil and Water-In-Oil Emulsified Marine Diesel Oil

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moonchan Kim ◽  
Jungmo Oh ◽  
Changhee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Marine Diesel

Compression ignition engines used as marine engines are the most efficient internal combustion engines. They are well-established products, and millions are already on the market. Water-in-MDO (marine diesel oil) emulsions are the best alternative fuel for compression ignition engines and can be utilised with the existing setup of 2.0 L automotive common rail direct injection (CRDI) engines. They have benefits for the simultaneous reduction of both NOx and smoke (black carbon). Furthermore, they have a significant impact on the improvement of combustion efficiency. Micro-explosions are the most important phenomenon of water-in-diesel emulsions inside an internal combustion engine chamber. They affect both the emission reduction and combustion efficiency improvements directly and indirectly in accordance with the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) and rpm. Owing to the influence of micro-emulsions on the combustion and emissions of water-in-diesel emulsion fuel, the reduction ratios of NOx and smoke in a used engine are approximately 30% and 80%, respectively. The effect of the operating parameters on micro-emulsions is presented.

Effect of Lubricant Darkening on Wear Properties of White Metal Bearing in 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Hee Ahn ◽  
Dae-Young Kim ◽  
Eun-Cheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Marine Diesel Engine ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
White Metal ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Friction And Wear Characteristics ◽  
Main Factor

Effect of lubricant darkening on tribology characteristics of the tin-based white metal bearing in the 2-stroke marine diesel engine has been investigated. Through a reciprocating wear test, friction and wear characteristics were evaluated as a function of lubricant darkening. The darkness of the lubricant increased with wear test time even under the condition of less possibility of soot contamination. The principal cause responsible for darkening was found to be the very fine tin particles dispersed in the lubricant. The formation of these particles is attributed to the wear of the bearing. However the wear loss of the bearing metal obtained from the wear test with the darkened lubricant was similar to that with the initial clean lubricant. This means that the lubricant darkening is not a main factor responsible for the degradation of white-metal bearing durability.

Increasing the Diesel and Brayton Cycle Efficiency With Thermoelectric Materials

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Peter Sarnacki ◽  
Travis T. Wallace ◽  
Paul A. Wlodkowski
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Marine Diesel

Thermoelectric materials, utilizing the Seebeck effect, have the potential of augmenting the thermal efficiency of all types of internal combustion engines and in particular, a simple cycle gas turbine, as well as the combined steam and gas turbine cycles. Current research and development at Maine Maritime Academy (MMA) has successfully demonstrated the conversion of waste exhaust heat into electrical power from a marine diesel and micro gas turbine. While the automotive industry has been investigating the utility of thermoelectric materials in passenger vehicles for a number of years, the authors believe that the marine and stationary power industries would be the significant beneficiaries of this technology given economies of scale and greater ability to generate higher thermal gradients. This paper examines both the application of thermoelectric generation on marine diesel propulsion systems, and a micro gas turbine. Research and development at MMA highlights the ability to supersede existing thermal efficiency barriers encountered by each power producer.

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