scholarly journals Single-trial free recall from temporal search sets in long-term memory

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E. Geiselman
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Temporal Search

scholarly journals A CREB2-targeting microRNA is required for long-term memory after single-trial learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Korneev ◽  
Dimitris V. Vavoulis ◽  
Souvik Naskar ◽  
Varvara E. Dyakonova ◽  
Ildikó Kemenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Long-term memory is formed immediately without the need for protein synthesis-dependent consolidation in Drosophila

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohan Zhao ◽  
Jiameng Sun ◽  
Xuchen Zhang ◽  
Han Mo ◽  
Yijun Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Olfactory Conditioning ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Term Memory

Abstract It is believed that long-term memory (LTM) cannot be formed immediately because it must go through a protein synthesis-dependent consolidation process. However, the current study uses Drosophila aversive olfactory conditioning to show that such processes are dispensable for context-dependent LTM (cLTM). Single-trial conditioning yields cLTM that is formed immediately in a protein-synthesis independent manner and is sustained over 14 days without decay. Unlike retrieval of traditional LTM, which requires only the conditioned odour and is mediated by mushroom-body neurons, cLTM recall requires both the conditioned odour and reinstatement of the training-environmental context. It is mediated through lateral-horn neurons that connect to multiple sensory brain regions. The cLTM cannot be retrieved if synaptic transmission from any one of these centres is blocked, with effects similar to those of altered encoding context during retrieval. The present study provides strong evidence that long-term memory can be formed easily without the need for consolidation.

Effects of Generation on Immediate Memory Span and Delayed Unexpected Free Recall

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Schweickert ◽  
Mark A. McDaniel ◽  
Gregory Riegler
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Multiplicative Effects

We investigated the effects of generating words from fragments on pronunciation time, on immediate memory span, and on delayed free recall. Subjects read long words and short words aloud or generated them from strings with missing letters. Word-length and generation condition had multiplicative effects on speaking rate, as expected if each affected a separate process regulating the rate. We replicated the standard finding that span is smaller for longer words. Generation improved delayed free recall, indicating that relatively brief presentation times are adequate to produce a generation effect. Although generation improved long-term memory for the words, memory span was shorter for the words that were generated. The harmful effect of generation on span appears to be due to its slowing of speaking rate.

scholarly journals Genetic Influences on Free and Cued Recall in Long-Term Memory Tasks

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather E. Volk ◽  
Kathleen B. McDermott ◽  
Henry L. Roediger ◽  
Richard D. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cued Recall ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Brain Functions

AbstractLong-term memory (LTM) problems are associated with many psychiatric and neurological illnesses and are commonly measured using free and cued recall tasks. Although LTM has been linked with biologic mechanisms, the etiology of distinct LTM tasks is unknown. We studied LTM in 95 healthy female twin pairs identified through birth records in the state of Missouri. Performance on tasks of free recall of unrelated words, free and cued recall of categorized words, and the vocabulary section of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R) were examined using structural equation modeling. Additive genetic and unique environmental factors influenced LTM and intelligence. Free recall of unrelated and categorized words, and cued recall of categorized words, were moderately heritable (55%, 38%, and 37%). WAIS-R vocabulary score was highly heritable (77%). Controlling for verbal intelligence in multivariate analyses of recall, two components of genetic influence on LTM were found; one for all three recall scores and one for free and cued categorized word recall. Recall of unrelated and categorized words is influenced by different genetic and environmental factors indicating heterogeneity in LTM. Verbal intelligence is etiologically different from LTM indicating that these two abilities utilize different brain functions.

scholarly journals Ants learn fast and do not forget: associative olfactory learning, memory and extinction in Formica fusca

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 190778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Piqueret ◽  
Jean-Christophe Sandoz ◽  
Patrizia d'Ettorre
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Behavioural Flexibility ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Extinction Process ◽  
Formica Fusca ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Over Time

Learning is a widespread phenomenon that allows behavioural flexibility when individuals face new situations. However, learned information may lose its value over time. If such a memory endures, it can be deleterious to individuals. The process of extinction allows memory updating when the initial information is not relevant anymore. Extinction is widespread among animals, including humans. We investigated associative appetitive learning in an ant species that is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, Formica fusca . We studied acquisition and memory between 1 h and one week after conditioning, as well as the extinction process. Ants learn very rapidly, their memory lasts up to 3 days, decreases slowly over time and is highly resistant to extinction, even after a single conditioning trial. Using a pharmacological approach, we show that this single-trial memory critically depends on protein synthesis (long-term memory). These results indicate that individual ant workers of F. fusca show remarkable learning and memory performances. Intriguingly, they also show a strong resistance to updating learned associations. Resistance to extinction may be advantageous when the environment is stochastic and individuals need to switch often from one learned task to another.

Enhancement of long-term memory expression by a single trial during consolidation

2011 ◽  
Vol 487 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Smal ◽  
Luis Daniel Suárez ◽  
Alejandro Delorenzi
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Term Memory
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document