Treatment of Lead Contaminated Soil using Solidification/Stabilization Method Incorporated with Sugarcane Bagasse

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1908-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Benlamoudi ◽  
Aeslina Abdul Kadir ◽  
Mihail Aurel Titu ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Materials Used

In recent years, tremendous researches have been carried out for solid waste treatment using the solidification/stabilization (S/S) method incorporated with agricultural wastes after the incineration process. These researches, although they showed efficient results, but they may be expensive due to the incineration procedure cost. In the current research, the treatment of lead (Pb) contaminated soil was studied by the incorporation of sugarcane bagasse in its fibrous state into the S/S method. Chemical properties of the materials used were determined by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) test. Some mechanical tests like density, water absorption and compressive strength were conducted in order to meet the regulatory limits for disposing the treated waste. Some leaching tests were also conducted, to measure the leachability of lead (Pb) from the matrices. Solidification/stabilization was found as an effective method that was able to reduce more than 99% of leachability of Pb from polluted soil. Moreover, this method can incorporate until 10% of sugarcane bagasse into the matrices. Although incorporation of sugarcane bagasse up to 10% decreases the strength of the samples and increase the leachability of Pb, but they still fit to the standard. Incorporation of sugarcane bagasse waste in its fibrous state into the solidification/stabilization method may provide an alternative low cost treatment method for Pb polluted soils and may eliminate huge amounts of this waste from the environment.

Dielectric Characterisation of Plastics for Microwave Oven Applications

2005 ◽  
Vol 480-481 ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Cadillon Costa ◽  
A. Correia ◽  
A. Viegas ◽  
João Bessa Sousa ◽  
François Henry
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Complex Dielectric Constant ◽  
First Order ◽  
Constant E ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Resonant Method ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The materials used in microwave oven cavities must have specific dielectric properties in order to maintain the efficiency of the food heating. Plastics, by their mechanical and chemical properties and low cost, are one of those potential materials. In this study, we present the results of the measurements of complex dielectric constant, ´´ ´ * e e e í − = , in the microwave frequency region, on different plastics: polyoxymethylene (POM), polypropylene (PP) and polybutylene terephtalate (PBT), using the cavity resonant method. We measure the shift in the resonant frequency of the cavity, Df, caused by the insertion of the sample, which can be related to the real part of the complex permitivitty, e´, while the change in the inverse of the quality factor of the cavity, D(1/Q), gives the imaginary part, e´´. The relations are simple when we consider only the first order perturbation in the electric field caused by the sample.

scholarly journals Assessing Options for Remediation of Contaminated Mine Site Drainage Entering the River Teign, Southwest England

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Jordan ◽  
Rachel Hill ◽  
Adrienne Turner ◽  
Tyrone Roberts ◽  
Sean Comber
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Mine Sites

The river Teign in Devon has come under scrutiny for failing to meet environmental quality standards for ecotoxic metals due to past mining operations. A disused mine known as Bridford Barytes mine, has been found to contribute a significant source of Zn, Cd and Pb to the river. Recently, studies have been focused on the remediation of such mine sites using low-cost treatment methods to help reduce metal loads to the river downstream. This paper explores the metal removal efficiency of red mud, a waste product from the aluminium industry, which has proven to be an attractive low-cost treatment method for adsorbing toxic metals. Adsorption kinetics and capacity experiments reveal metal removal efficiencies of up to 70% within the first 2 h when red mud is applied in pelletized form. Further, it highlights the potential of biochar, another effective adsorbent observed to remove >90% Zn using agricultural feedstock. Compliance of the Teign has been investigated by analysing dissolved metal concentrations and bioavailable fractions of Zn to assess if levels are of environmental concern. By applying a real-world application model, this study reveals that compressed pellets and agricultural biochar offer an effective, low-cost option to reducing metal concentrations and thus improving the quality of the river Teign.

scholarly journals Assessing Options for Remediation of Contaminated Mine Site Drainage Entering the River Teign, Southwest England

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Jordan ◽  
Rachel Hill ◽  
Adrienne Turner ◽  
Tyrone Roberts ◽  
sean Comber
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Mine Sites

The river Teign in Devon has come under scrutiny for failing to meet Environmental Quality Standards for ecotoxic metals due to past mining operations. A disused mine known as Bridford Barytes mine, has been found to contribute a significant source of Zn, Cd and Pb to the river. Recently, studies have been focused on the remediation of such mine sites using low-cost treatment methods to help reduce metal loads to the river downstream. Red mud is a waste product from the aluminium industry, the utilization of this resource has proven an attractive low-cost treatment method for adsorbing toxic metals. Adsorption kinetics and capacity experiments reveal metal removal efficiencies of up to 70% within the first 2 hours when red mud is applied in pelletized form. Biochar is another effective adsorbent with the potential to remove >90% Zn using agricultural feedstock. Compliance of the Teign has been investigated by analysing dissolved metal concentrations and bioavailable fractions of Zn to assess if levels are of environmental concern. By applying a Real-World Application Model, this study reveals that compressed pellets and agricultural biochar offer an effective, low-cost option to reducing metal concentrations and thus improving the quality of the river Teign.

Purification of liquid scintillation waste from binding radionuclides using different adsorbents

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 879-887
Author(s):  
Maha A. Youssef ◽  
Hoda E. Rizk ◽  
Mohamed F. Attallah
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Loaded Column ◽  
Research Facilities

AbstractThe quantity of liquid organic radioactive wastes produced by the use of radioactive materials in nuclear research facilities is small compared to aqueous radioactive waste, but a special and low-cost treatment method is needed. Here we investigated the adsorption performance of five materials, namely: KU-2 resin, bentonite, charcoal (M&S) and clay adsorbents for the successful removal of 90Sr/90Y from liquid scintillation cocktail waste. The batch adsorption technique (influence of pH, contact time, and temperature), sequential, and column technique were investigated. The efficiency of these adsorbents for the removal of 90Sr/90Y is in this order, resin > bentonite > clay with removal efficiency 90 ± 5.2, 68 ± 3.25, and 65 ± 5.3%, respectively. While charcoal has lower affinity for the sorption processes. Purification of liquid scintillation (LS) cocktail by separation of 90Sr/90Y was successfully carried out by packed column with KU-2 resin. The exhausted loaded column with 90Sr/90Y is successfully regenerated by 25 mL, 1 M HNO3. Characterizations of the original and the purified LS cocktail were carried out using FTIR analysis. The efficiency of the purified liquid scintillation waste (LSW) for the determination of radionuclide is about 62.67 ± 4.8.

scholarly journals Processing and Utilization of Tempe Liquid Waste to be Organic Fertilizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Okki Putra P ◽  
Wahyu Nursantoso ◽  
Fajar Adi N ◽  
Sigit Yunanda
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
The Media ◽  
Materials Used

The activities of KKN-Tematik program of Industrial Engineering Department conducted in Dukunanyar Village, Dukun Sub-district of Gresik Regency is to provide knowledge and implementation to Small and Medium Industry (IKM) tempe how to manage and utilize tempe liquid waste so as not to pollute the environment. Processing of tempe liquid waste using Adsorbtion method and filtering its function to neutralize liquid waste of tempe. Adsorption is a process of separating water from impurities by absorption of impurities such as fine particles, dissolved cations or odors contained in wastewater. The media used are zeloid stone, activated carbon and charcoal husk. Filtering is the process of irrigation or purification of water to produce clean water, free of odors, organic materials and inorganic materials contained therein. The media used are fibers, sand, and krikil. In addition to processing liquid waste tempe with adsorption method and filtering of liquid waste tempe can be utilized as Liquid Fertilizer Productive (PCP). Productive Liquid Fertilizer (PCP) is a way of utilizing tempe liquid waste with highorganic content to improve soil chemical properties to be better so that the productivity of the plant has increased. For materials used in the manufacture of Liquid Fertilizer is liquid waste tempe and fluid starter EM4. By using appropriate tools for liquid waste processing and utilization of tempe liquid waste into a productive Liquid Fertilizer (PCP) on an ongoing basis can create the integration of appropriate waste treatment, and environmentally friendly

Plant enhancement of indigenous soil micro-organisms: a low-cost treatment of contaminated soils

Polar Record ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (192) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Reynolds ◽  
D. C. Wolf ◽  
T. J. Gentry ◽  
L. B. Perry ◽  
C. S. Pidgeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Microbial Numbers

AbstractThe United States has more than 1000 individual areas of petroleum-contaminated soil at formerly used defense (FUD) sites located in cold regions. This paper investigates biotreatment systems based on exploiting naturally occurring phenomena in the rhizosphere — the soil adjacent to and influenced by plant roots. Rhizosphere-based remediation systems would be inexpensive to implement and maintain and would be applicable to remote or permafrost sites. Herein, this paper provides the rationale for using rhizosphere-based biotreatment systems and some initial results. In both laboratory and field studies, successful plant germination, plant growth, and root intrusion into and through contaminated soil are demonstrated.Using a Captina silt loam in a 10-week laboratory study, the effects of vegetation and contamination on microbial numbers were compared. The vegetation treatments included an unvegetated control and a vegetated treatment seeded with bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum). The contamination treatments included an uncontaminated control and a treatment with 2000 mg pyrene kg-1 soil added. Microbial numbers at 10 weeks were not significantly influenced by the contaminant level of 2000 mg pyrene kg-1 soil compared to the control. However, microbial numbers were greater in the rhizosphere of the bahiagrass-vegetated soil compared to the unvegetated soil.In a 34-week field study, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations of a diesel-contaminated soil decreased significantly more in the rhizosphere+nutrient treatment compared to the control that was not vegetated or fertilized. Bacterial numbers in the field study were 287 times greater in the rhizosphere+nutrient treated soils than in the control treatments. Measurable TPH compounds in the plant tissue were insignificant. The data demonstrated that rhizosphereenhanced treatment of organic-contaminated soils can be effective in reducing soil petroleum concentrations and may be a cost-effective strategy particularly suited for treating cold-region sites where remediation options are limited by cost, remoteness of the site, and/or brevity of the treatment season.

scholarly journals Leaching Behavior of Lead Contaminated Soil Sample by Using Sugarcane Bagasse in Stabilization/Solidification Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 1481-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Azim Mohammad Azmi ◽  
Saiful Azhar Ahmad Tajudin ◽  
Aeslina Abdul Kadir ◽  
Mohamed Nur Shafiq Mohamed Hanif ◽  
Nurul Syakeera Nordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Synthetic Precipitation ◽  
Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure ◽  
Leaching Procedure

Recently, Stabilization/Solidification (S/S) method has been focusing on the usage of agricultural waste as an alternative towards environmental friendly and low cost material to substitute cement. The aim of this study is to determine the leachability of lead contaminated soil by using sugarcane bagasse as partial replacement of cement in S/S method. In this study, different percentages (2.5%, 5% and 7.5%) of treated and untreated sugarcane bagasse have been utilized as a partial replacement to cement. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) have been conducted to determine the leachability of lead contaminated soil. The results indicate that with 7.5% of treated sugarcane bagasse replacement in cement resulted significant reduction of lead contaminant in soil up to 99 % after 28 days. As a conclusion, treated sugarcane bagasse could be an alternative low cost material in the S/S method as it can significantly reduce the remediation cost normally incurred by the usage of cement.

Structure-property relationships of PE/PP sandwiched films

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Petermann ◽  
G. Broza ◽  
U. Rieck ◽  
A. Jaballah ◽  
A. Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Ionic Crystals ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Oriented Films ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Polymer Laminates ◽  
Heated Glass

Oriented overgrowth of polymer materials onto ionic crystals is well known and recently it was demonstrated that this epitaxial crystallisation can also occur in polymer/polymer systems, under certain conditions. The morphologies and the resulting physical properties of such systems will be presented, especially the influence of epitaxial interfaces on the adhesion of polymer laminates and the mechanical properties of epitaxially crystallized sandwiched layers.Materials used were polyethylene, PE, Lupolen 6021 DX (HDPE) and 1810 D (LDPE) from BASF AG; polypropylene, PP, (PPN) provided by Höchst AG and polybutene-1, PB-1, Vestolen BT from Chemische Werke Hüls. Thin oriented films were prepared according to the method of Petermann and Gohil, by winding up two different polymer films from two separately heated glass-plates simultaneously with the help of a motor driven cylinder. One double layer was used for TEM investigations, while about 1000 sandwiched layers were taken for mechanical tests.

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