scholarly journals Aspects of adapting the cooling installation in a food cold storage system to the applicable f-gas regulations

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Filip BRAŃSKI ◽  
Adam RUCIŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Alternative Refrigerant ◽  
System Reconstruction ◽  
Cold Store ◽  
The Heat Balance

The paper presents the methodology of the analysis of the cooling system reconstruction in a food cold store under the regulations applicable from the beginning of 2020. They result from the so-called the F-Gas Act concerns the use of refrigerants with a low environmental impact. First, the elements of the existing regulations on the use of refrigerants were discussed. This part of article focus mainly on the F-Gas Act and the regulations it entails. Then, the refrigerants used so far in refrigeration systems were compared with substitutes, which were the only ones that have been approved for use since 2020, thanks to the low GWP index. Their properties are briefly described, along with the benefits (primarily for the environment) of their use. The main part of the work is the analysis of the reconstruction of the cooling system to use an alternative refrigerant. During the work, the construction of the cold storage was analyzed together with the system currently working in analysed location. Then, the heat balance was calculated, thanks to which it was possible to determine the demand for cold. Than, several refrigerants that meet the latest standards and application regulations were selected. Their operating parameters were examined, the possible variants of use were compared in relation to the determined demand for cooling and the most important operational features were summarized.

Dynamic Analysis on Energy-Saving Effect of Distributed Cooling System in TBS

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 1047-1051
Author(s):  
Tian Jian Yang ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Saving Effect ◽  
The Heat Balance

In order to evaluate the energy-saving effect of Distributed Cooling System (DCS) analytically, the heat balance model of DCS in a TBS is established and then dynamic simulation is employed. The numeral results show that DCS has much better energy-saving effect than traditional air conditioning (AC) and the energy-saving effect is steady all year round.

Performance and Affection Analysis on Cooling Module in the Vehicle Working Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
He Chang ◽  
Xiu Min Yu ◽  
Jing Hua Lv ◽  
Ming Zhou ◽  
Ge Li
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Cooling Module ◽  
The Heat Balance

Cooling module simulation for vehicle has been built according to the heat balance test, and the simulation results are compared with the test data to verify the authenticity of the module. This simulation model provides an effective platform for vehicle thermal management analysis. Module is used to simulate the air conditioning running and to find how different ambient temperaturesto effect the performance of the cooling module. The air conditioning working and ambience temperaturewhichis significantly influence the performance of the cooling system.

scholarly journals HEAT BALANCE RESEARCH OF 3MW MARINE WIND TURBINE'S ENGINE ROOM

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 362-373
Author(s):  
NA KANG ◽  
YANLONG JIANG ◽  
NIANYONG ZHOU ◽  
HONG SHI ◽  
ZHILI LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Engine Room ◽  
Wind Turbine System ◽  
Volume Method ◽  
The Heat Balance

The increment of heat load in Wind Turbine's engine room could cause the system shut down. In this paper the heat balance of Wind Turbine's engine room is investigated according to the structure of the engine room, environmental operating requirements as well as heat-dissipating of different components of a 3MW Wind Turbine System. The heat load of the engine room is analyzed and the physical model is developed based on finite volume method. After that, the temperature distribution of the cabin is obtained under different conditions with/without the jet unit. The temperature distribution in engine compartments with different number and the arrangement of jet units is compared in this paper. Based on the analysis, the cabin cooling design is carried out to achieve the purpose of stopping heat gathering and keeping heat balance of the cabin. This work puts forward the heat balance maintenance and completes the corresponding research, which could be helpful for the optimization of large-capacity Wind Turbine cooling system.

scholarly journals BIURO PATALPOS ŠILUMOS PRITEKIŲ TYRIMAS / INVESTIGATION OF HEAT GAINS IN AN OFFICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Laura Juršėnaitė ◽  
Violeta Motuzienė
Keyword(s):  
Heat Balance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Room Model ◽  
The Heat Balance

Increasing the energy efficiency of buildings, heat losses through envelope and infiltration become very low, therefore, the proportion of the heat gains in the heat balance of the building increases. Due to their abundance of computer equipment, intensive lighting and the abundance of employees the information technologies’ (IT) staff offices are characterized by high internal heat gains. Formally, such offices are not distinguished when designing the building and its energy performance, values of internal heat gains are the same as for usual offices. Insufficient attention to the detailed differentiation of the heat gains may lead to the inadequate assessment of the energy performance of the building, insufficient design power of the cooling system. The aim of this work is to determine the influence of internal heat gains on the heat balance of a existing IT office. The heat gains are initially determined experimentally and compared with the values calculated in accordance with STR 2.01.02:2016, the room model is calibrated in the IDA ICE software, which is used to analyze building’s annual energy demand sensitivity to internal heat gains. It was defined that in the case of maximum heat gains, the experimental internal heat gain are 63–81% higher than the ones, calculated in accordance with norms. The annual heating demand is 31% lower, and the cooling demand is 56% higher according to the experimental simulation compared to standardized simulation results. Santrauka Didinant pastatų energinį naudingumą, šilumos nuostoliai per atitvaras ir dėl infiltracijos tampa nykstamai maži, todėl pastato šilumos balanse didėja vidiniams šilumos pritekiams tenkanti dalis. Dideliais vidiniais šilumos pritekiais pasižymi informacinių technologijų (IT) personalo biurai dėl juose gausiai naudojamos kompiuterinės įrangos, intensyvaus apšvietimo bei darbuotojų gausos. Formaliai tokie biurai, projektuojant pastatą ir jo energinį naudingumą, nėra išskiriami, jiems taikomos tokios pačios vidinių pritekių vertės kaip ir įprastiems biurams. Nepakankamas dėmesys išsamesniam šilumos pritekių diferencijavimui gali lemti tai, kad pastato naudingumas bus įvertintas netinkamai, vėsinimo sistemos bus suprojektuotos nepakankamos galios (projektinei šildymo galiai šilumos pritekiai įtakos neturi). Šio darbo tikslas yra nustatyti vidinių šilumos pritekių įtaką realaus IT biuro patalpos šilumos balansui. Šilumos pritekiai pradžioje nustatomi eksperimentiniu būdu ir lyginami su dydžiais, apskaičiuotais pagal STR 2.01.02:2016 standartą, patalpos modelis kalibruojamas IDA ICE programoje, kurioje atliekama pastato metinių energijos poreikių priklausomybės nuo vidinių šilumos pritekių parametrinė analizė. Nustatyta, kad maksimalūs paros eksperimentiniai vidiniai pritekiai yra 63–81 % didesni nei apskaičiuoti pagal reglamentą, metiniai šildymo poreikiai pagal eksperimentinius duomenis yra 31 % mažesni, o vėsinimo poreikiai 56 % didesni lyginant su gautais taikant normines pritekių vertes.

Experimental Study on Ice Storage System for a Small High Temperature Cold Store

2012 ◽  
Vol 516-517 ◽  
pp. 1160-1163
Author(s):  
Jian Ning Cui ◽  
Yi Tao Liu ◽  
Xu Han
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Ice Storage ◽  
Ordinary Condition ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
Cold Store

The ice storage system for a small high temperature cold store is introduced in details with the principle, structure, design and experimental methods. This system was tested in all possible conditions, and the performance in super cooling condition was compared with the ordinary condition. The results show that the cold store cooling system using ice storage technology could adapt to the power supply better, and reduce the power expense effectively.

Analysis of electro- and thermophysical processes occurring during electrocontact baking of flour products.

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
V.I. Maklyukov ◽  
◽  
E.O. Gerasimova ◽  
N. V. Labutina ◽  
E.N. Rogozkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Electric Contact ◽  
Wheat Dough ◽  
Baking Process ◽  
Free Moisture ◽  
Contact Heating ◽  
The Heat Balance

The article considers the results of research conducted during electric contact heating of rye-wheat dough pieces. It is established that the electrical conductivity of the crumb dough does not depend on the total humidity of the material, but mainly on the amount of free moisture. Using the current and temperature graphs, you can imagine how free moisture changes during the baking process and the influence of the thermophysical and colloidal process on the change in the value of free moisture. Experimentally determined the amount of heat that is spent on baking 1 kg of bread. The accuracy of the theoretical calculation of this parameter in the heat balance of the baking chamber is confirmed.

Refined thermal calculation of the locomotive heat engine collector

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
P.V. Gubarev ◽  
D.V. Glazunov ◽  
V.G. Ruban ◽  
A.S. Shapshal
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Thermal Calculation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Traction Electric Motor

The thermal calculation of the locomotive traction engine collector is proposed. The equations of the heat balance of its elements are obtained taking into account the cooling air. The calculation results and experimental data of thermal imaging control are presented. Keywords: traction electric motor, collector, thermal calculation, thermal imaging control. [email protected]

scholarly journals Small Cogeneration Unit with Heat and Electricity Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2102
Author(s):  
Josef Stetina ◽  
Michael Bohm ◽  
Michal Brezina
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Water Storage Tank

A micro cogeneration unit based on a three-cylinder internal combustion engine, Skoda MPI 1.0 L compressed natural gas (CNG), with an output of 25 kW at 3000 RPM is proposed in this paper. It is a relatively simple engine, which is already adopted by the manufacturer to operate on CNG. The engine life and design correspond to the original purpose of use in the vehicle. A detailed dynamic model was created in the GT-SUITE environment and implemented into an energy balance model that includes its internal combustion engine, heat exchangers, generator, battery storage, and water storage tank. The 1D internal combustion engine model provides us with information on engine start-up time, actual effective power, friction power, and the amount of heat going to the cooling system and exhaust pipe. The catalytic converter was removed from the exhaust pipe, and the engine was always operating at full load; thus, engine power control is not considered. An energy storage system for an island operation of the entire power unit for a large, detached house was designed to withstand accumulated energy for a few days in the case of a breakout. To reach a low initial system cost, the possible implementation of worn-out battery packs toward emission reduction in terms of the second life of the battery is proposed. The energy and emission balance are carried out, and the service life of the engine is also discussed.

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