Considerations on the optimal processing capacity of beet sugar factories

2020 ◽  
pp. 363-379
Author(s):  
Rudolf Schick
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Optimal Capacity ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Beet Sugar ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The economic situation of the European sugar industry is currently very tense. The expected introduction of a climate-neutral mode of operation by 2050 will require considerable investment in the coming decades. This will further strengthen the cost advantages of the cane sugar industry, which, in contrast to the beet sugar industry, has for many years been obtaining most of its energy requirements from the renewable fuel bagasse. In order to remain competitive with the cane sugar industry, further reductions in production costs are necessary. As it is hardly possible to increase efficiency through technological improvements, the most promising measures to reduce production costs will be to further increase the processing capacity of the individual factories and possibly extend the campaign. Using a simplified mathematical model, the influence of transport costs, labour costs and constant costs on the optimal capacity of beet sugar factories is investigated. The lowest production costs for white sugar are used as an optimality criterion.

The beet sugar factory of the future

2021 ◽  
pp. 391-405
Author(s):  
Jan Maarten de Bruijn
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Continuous Process Improvement ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Innovative Process ◽  
Beet Sugar ◽  
The Future ◽  
Sugar Market ◽  
Factory Of The Future ◽  
The Cost

The beet sugar industry is facing several challenges for the future. The climate change is requiring a transition from the traditional fossil fuel to a greenhouse gas neutral energy source. The available possibilities for this purpose will be outlined in this paper. The recent EU sugar market reform has markedly increased the competition between sugar companies and the resulting lower sugar price has a significant impact on the profit margin of sugar production. In order to keep up with these challenges it is key to make an appropriate use of the available opportunities to improve the cost-efficiency of sugar beet processing. The different means to advance the sugar business are better asset utilization, continuous process improvement, introducing innovative process technologies and further developing a sugar factory into a biorefinery with a further valorisation of (co-)products and wherein synergy is obtained between different on-site process operations. Why and how these different available tools can improve the competitiveness of sugar factories will be discussed in detail. A proper combination and choice of the suggested changes and opportunities will enable sugar factories to get prepared for the future.

scholarly journals A System to Determine the Optimal Work-in-Progress Inventory Stored in Interoperation Manufacturing Buffers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grznár ◽  
Gregor ◽  
Mozol ◽  
Krajčovič ◽  
Dulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
Optimal Capacity ◽  
Wip Inventory ◽  
Automotive Production ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Production Company

Continuous cost reduction is a subject of interest for almost every production company. The cost reflects the competitiveness and sustainability of the business. Many company costs are linked to the effectiveness of production. One such cost is the work-in-progress (WIP) inventory cost. The present article deals with the design of a system for calculating the optimal WIP inventory stored in a manufacturing buffer, which, in the long term, provides the lowest costs. The main goal of the article is to design a new system that allows for the calculation of the optimal capacity of interoperation manufacturing buffers and thus the calculation of the optimal WIP inventory, which influences the lead time and cost. The newly designed system consists of algorithms that describe various steps, many of which use mathematical models. The individual blocks of algorithms are described, and the proposed system is verified and validated by simulation of the production line in the automotive production company.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION METHOD AND SOFTWARE FOR FUEL COST REDUCTION IN CASE OF ROAD TRANSPORT ACTIVITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Method ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Fuel Cost ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Petrol Station ◽  
Decision Supporting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The transport activity is one of the most expensive processes in the supply chain and the fuel cost is the highest cost among the cost components of transportation. The goal of the research is to optimize the transport costs in case of a given transport task both by the selecting the optimal petrol station and by determining the optimal amount of the refilled fuel. Recently, in practice, these two decisions have not been made centrally at the forwarding company, but they depend on the individual decision of the driver. The aim of this study is to elaborate a precise and reliable mathematical method for selecting the optimal refuelling stations and determining the optimal amount of the refilled fuel to fulfil the transport demands. Based on the elaborated model, new decision-supporting software is developed for the economical fulfilment of transport trips.

Falling film evaporators in beet and cane sugar industry

2016 ◽  
pp. 708-712
Author(s):  
Alexandre Mesmacque
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Heating Surface ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Falling Film ◽  
Film Evaporator ◽  
Cane Juice ◽  
Beet Sugar ◽  
Hydrostatic Head

The falling film evaporator has been widely used in the beet sugar industry for more than 30 years. This technology has been adapted and optimized for cane sugar factories addressing the increased risks of incrustation of the juice distribution system and heating surface due to an increased scaling propensity of cane juice. The developments carried out by Fives on falling film evaporator permitted the elimination of these problems. The absence of a hydrostatic head means that for the same thermal power, lower Ts are possible, especially for intermediate and last effects of the evaporator station. Thus, reconfigurations of the bleedings may be possible, achieving lower steam consumptions than can be obtained with other evaporator technologies.

scholarly journals Individual-versus group-optimality in the production of secreted bacterial compounds

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstanze T. Schiessl ◽  
Adin Ross-Gillespie ◽  
Daniel M. Cornforth ◽  
Michael Weigert ◽  
Colette Bigosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Compound Synthesis ◽  
Unicellular Organisms ◽  
Level Of Selection ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Evolution Of Specialization

AbstractHow unicellular organisms optimize the production of compounds is a fundamental biological question. While it is typically thought that production is optimized at the individual-cell level, secreted compounds could also allow for optimization at the group level, leading to a division of labor where a subset of cells produces and shares the compound with everyone. Using mathematical modelling, we show that the evolution of such division of labor depends on the cost function of compound production. Specifically, for any trait with saturating benefits, linear costs promote the evolution of uniform production levels across cells. Conversely, production costs that diminish with higher output levels favor the evolution of specialization – especially when compound shareability is high. When experimentally testing these predictions with pyoverdine, a secreted iron-scavenging compound produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we found linear costs and, consistent with our model, detected uniform pyoverdine production levels across cells. We conclude that for shared compounds with saturating benefits, the evolution of division of labor is facilitated by a diminishing cost function. More generally, we note that shifts in the level of selection from individuals to groups do not solely require cooperation, but critically depend on mechanistic factors, including the distribution of compound synthesis costs.

Concurrent Cost Calculations With a Feature-Based CAD System

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Leibi ◽  
Guenther Hoehne ◽  
Mahendra Hundal
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Cost Calculations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Time Expenditures ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The paper describes a procedure for calculating costs concurrent with the design process. The different modules of the computer program “IKF” are described. The modules include those for cost calculation, comparison and forecast. Form features are used for cost determination by classifying each feature and storing it in the detailed production plan. The production processes then follow from the list of stored features. The cost program takes the individual geometric data, e.g., part length, from the CAD program. The latter contains data sets, that describe the feature’s dimensions. The production time for the form feature is then calculated. From the time expenditures and the machine rates the program calculates the production costs for the given feature. Prior to developing the computer program a manual procedure was designed and developed. Upon testing, the group not using IKF took 40–50% more time and designed products that were about 80% costlier than the group using the IKF system. This procedure was then used as the model for the cost modules in a feature-based CAD program. Test cases dealing with sheet-metal design are described which demonstrate and quantify the advantages of this system.

scholarly journals Improvement of the liquid-jet sulfitators construction to increase the efficiency of sulfitation treatment of sugar production liquids

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
V. O. Gorodetsky ◽  
S. O. Semenikhin ◽  
N. I. Kotlyarevskaya ◽  
M. M. Usmanov
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Beet Sugar ◽  
Wide Range

The article discusses and analyzes the construction of liquid-jet sulfitators used in the beet sugar industry. The importance of sulfitation treatment in the sugar beet processing and raw cane sugar technology is noted and the main advantages of its use at various technological stages are given, namely, preparation of extractant used for diffusion sucrose extraction out of beet cossettes, thin juice processing, thick juice with B- and C-remelts processing, as well as raw cane sugar remelt processing. The advantages and disadvantages of liquid-jet sulfitators in comparison with other constructions are noted and criteria for their improvement are given. It has been noted that the created ejection, which sucks in the sulphitation gas into the contacting chamber, and the fact that the absorption of sulfur dioxide occurs on a larger surface than in other types of structures the main advantages of liquid-jet sulphitators. The main disadvantages are the short length of the contacting chamber, which is insufficient for ensuring complete absorption of sulfur dioxide, as well as instability of the generated ejection when the productivity changes. This determines the criteria given in the article for the improvement of liquid-jet sulfitators. The description of the developed construction of the sulphitator centrifugal-jet nozzle of sugar production liquids is given, which provides: the stability of the sulphitation gas supply in a wide range of plant productivity; stability of the hydroaerodynamic regime of the system «treated liquid – sulphitation gas» inside the sulphitator; sufficient contact time for complete dissolution in the treated liquid of the sulfur anhydride contained in the sulphitation gas. The advantages of the developed centrifugal-jet sulfitators in comparison with typical liquid-jet sulfitators are noted: ensuring the operation range of 50-120% of the nominal capacity (plant production capacity); significant reduction in the technical sulfur consumption for the sulphur anhydride production, which is used as a reagent for the sulfitation treatment of liquids in beet sugar processing; reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere due to 100 % sulfur anhydride dissolution in the treated liquid.

THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF FORECASTING THE COST OF A SOFTWARE PRODUCT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlo Rodionov ◽  
◽  
Anna Ploskonos ◽  
Lesya Gavrutenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Continue Research ◽  
Cocomo Model ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The paper analyzes the factors that affect the amount of effort required to create a mobile application and its cost. It is established that the main factors of influence are the design of the application, its functionality, the type of mobile platform, the availability and level of testing and support, as well as the individual characteristics of the developer. Based on the analysis of information sources, the main methods and approaches to forecasting the cost of software products are identified, which include the COCOMO model, Price-to-win method, expert evaluation, algorithmic methods and the method of analogies. It is proposed to consider the method of analogies as a tool that allows you to make predictions about the cost of resources required for the successful implementation of IT projects based on the experience of similar projects. It is proved that the advantages of this method are the simplicity of its implementation and the clarity of the results obtained, which follows from the practical orientation of this tool. Among the limitations of the method of analogy is the mandatory need for reliable data relating to similar projects, as well as the difficulty of taking into account unspecified indicators. Taking into account the mentioned limitations of the method of analogies and on the basis of the analysis of scientific sources the possible directions of its optimization are determined. Thus, among the ways to improve the effectiveness of this method are those aimed at optimizing the project selection process, the data for which are used as a basis for forecasting. Attempts to improve the method of analogies by including parameters that were previously ignored by this technique seem promising. This in turn can lead to an expansion of the scope of the method of analogies and increase the accuracy of forecasts. As prospects for further research, the need to continue research in the field of optimization of the method of analogies with the subsequent practical verification of theoretical positions on the data of real projects.

FUNCTIONING OF THE MENTAL DEFENSES IN THE CONDUCT OF INTERROGATION WITHIN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 2161-2165
Author(s):  
Hristo Ivanov Popnikolov
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Subjective Side

From the subject presented in the report it is evident that the pre-trial and the court bodies may, to some extent, be influenced both by the person of the accused and by his competence to participate in the criminal process. In this regard as an expert, the psychologist can offer invaluable assistance. Each expertise would assist all actors involved in the administration of justice on their objective assessment of the offenders, the understanding of their individual protection and the inherent self-justification during procedural actions. The involvement of psychologists in the criminal process is key to establishing the truth in the investigation, because every crime as an act has a subjective side, expressed in the psychic attitude of the perpetrator to the committed act. Establishing these psychological motives is a key point in the criminal process with a view to establishing the truth.Psychological protection stabilizes the personality in the critical conditions of counteraction, related to the elimination of the experiences of tension, anxiety, stress and frustration, leading to maximum mobilization of its resources and at the same time to their overpayment. Thus, the individual who is the subject of the process action is protected against the adverse external influences, but at the cost of a lot of effort and enormous loss of nervous-mental energy, which increases his own vulnerability instead of contributing to its reduction. The appearance and functioning of psychological protection can be significantly impeded by the interaction of the investigator with the accused. Even more complicated is the situation when it breaks the communication contact that may arise in the psychological alienation and self-isolation of the accused due to the desire to protect himself.Protective psychological dominance is a real psychic activity that investigators, investigators, investigators and judges need to take into account in order to effectively deal with their task and to overcome the resistance of the investigated persons and in a time to prove in a lawful and moral way their guilt and participation in the commitment of the crimes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document