scholarly journals Hyaluronic Acid Unique Identification Prints in Perspective of its 3D Microscopical Structure as a Carbohydrate Hydrogel with Various Physiochemical and Biological Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Khateeb Rami ◽  
Prpic Jelena ◽  
Eliezer Meizi
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Biological Functions

scholarly journals Hyaluronic acid as a bioactive component for bone tissue regeneration: Fabrication, modification, properties, and biological functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1059-1079
Author(s):  
Fei Xing ◽  
Changchun Zhou ◽  
Didi Hui ◽  
Colin Du ◽  
Lina Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Bioactive Polymers ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Processing Properties

AbstractHyaluronic acid (HA) is widely distributed in the human body, and it is heavily involved in many physiological functions such as tissue hydration, wound repair, and cell migration. In recent years, HA and its derivatives have been widely used as advanced bioactive polymers for bone regeneration. Many medical products containing HA have been developed because this natural polymer has been proven to be nontoxic, noninflammatory, biodegradable, and biocompatible. Moreover, HA-based composite scaffolds have shown good potential for promoting osteogenesis and mineralization. Recently, many HA-based biomaterials have been fabricated for bone regeneration by combining with electrospinning and 3D printing technology. In this review, the polymer structures, processing, properties, and applications in bone tissue engineering are summarized. The challenges and prospects of HA polymers are also discussed.

Cartilage: Multiscale Structure and Biomechanical Properties

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 509-519
Author(s):  
Ferenc Horkay ◽  
Peter J. Basser ◽  
Anne-Marie Hecht ◽  
Erik Geissler
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Swelling Pressure ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Osmotic Swelling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Compressive Resistance

ABSTRACTCartilage is a load bearing tissue that has multiple biological functions. The major proteoglycan in cartilage is the bottlebrush shaped aggrecan whose complexes with hyaluronic acid provide the compressive resistance of cartilage. The negatively charged aggrecan-hyaluronic acid complexes generate an osmotic swelling pressure within the tissue, which is balanced by the collagen network. To better understand the function of cartilage at the tissue level, we study aggrecan assemblies using an array of microscopic and macroscopic techniques. The organization of aggrecan assemblies at the supramolecular level is probed by light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering. Osmotic and rheological measurements are used to investigate the macroscopic physical properties.

scholarly journals Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles as Nanomedicine for Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 931 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.Vijayakameswara Rao ◽  
Jun Gi Rho ◽  
Wooram Um ◽  
Pramod Kumar EK ◽  
Van Quy Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diagnostic Agents ◽  
Long Acting

Owing to their unique biological functions, hyaluronic acid (HA) and its derivatives have been explored extensively for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, and molecular imaging. In particular, self-assembled HA nanoparticles (HA-NPs) have been used widely as target-specific and long-acting nanocarriers for the delivery of a wide range of therapeutic or diagnostic agents. Recently, it has been demonstrated that empty HA-NPs without bearing any therapeutic agent can be used therapeutically for the treatment of inflammatory diseases via modulating inflammatory responses. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the significant achievements in this field and highlight the potential of HA-NPs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan): a review

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 397-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Necas ◽  
L. Bartosikova ◽  
P. Brauner ◽  
J. Kolar
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Integral Membrane Proteins ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Vitreous Fluid ◽  
Hyaluronan Synthases ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Umbilical Cords

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight biopolysacharide, discovered in 1934, by Karl Meyer and his assistant, John Palmer in the vitreous of bovine eyes. Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring biopolymer, which has important biological functions in bacteria and higher animals including humans. It is found in most connective tissues and is particularly concentrated in synovial fluid, the vitreous fluid of the eye, umbilical cords and chicken combs. It is naturally synthesized by a class of integral membrane proteins called hyaluronan synthases, and degraded by a family of enzymes called hyaluronidases. This review describes metabolisms, different physiological and pathological functions, basic pharmacological properties, and the clinical use of hyaluronic acid.

scholarly journals Hyaluronic Acid-Based Nanocapsules as Efficient Delivery Systems of Garlic Oil Active Components with Anticancer Activity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Janik-Hazuka ◽  
Kamil Kamiński ◽  
Marta Kaczor-Kamińska ◽  
Joanna Szafraniec-Szczęsny ◽  
Aleksandra Kmak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Garlic Oil ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
The Stability

Diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) are garlic oil compounds exhibiting beneficial healthy properties including anticancer action. However, these compounds are sparingly water-soluble with a limited stability that may imply damage to blood vessels or cells after administration. Thus, their encapsulation in the oil-core nanocapsules based on a derivative of hyaluronic acid was investigated here as a way of protecting against oxidation and undesired interactions with blood and digestive track components. The nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) technique was used to follow the oxidation processes. It was proved that the shell of the capsule acts as a barrier limiting the sulfur oxidation, enhancing the stability of C=C bonds in DADS and DATS. Moreover, it was shown that the encapsulation inhibited the lysis of the red blood cell membrane (mainly for DADS) and interactions with serum or digestive track components. Importantly, the biological functions and anticancer activity of DADS and DATS were preserved after encapsulation. Additionally, the nanocapsule formulations affected the migration of neoplastic cells—a desirable preliminary observation concerning the inhibition of migration. The proposed route of administration of these garlic extract components would enable reaching their higher concentrations in blood, longer circulation in a bloodstream, and thus, imply a better therapeutic effect.

scholarly journals Hyaluronic Acid: Redefining Its Role

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1743 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Abatangelo ◽  
V. Vindigni ◽  
G. Avruscio ◽  
L. Pandis ◽  
P. Brun
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Nerve Reconstruction ◽  
Adipose Tissue Engineering ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
New Research ◽  
Insoluble Polymers

The discovery of several unexpected complex biological roles of hyaluronic acid (HA) has promoted new research impetus for biologists and, the clinical interest in several fields of medicine, such as ophthalmology, articular pathologies, cutaneous repair, skin remodeling, vascular prosthesis, adipose tissue engineering, nerve reconstruction and cancer therapy. In addition, the great potential of HA in medicine has stimulated the interest of pharmaceutical companies which, by means of new technologies can produce HA and several new derivatives in order to increase both the residence time in a variety of human tissues and the anti-inflammatory properties. Minor chemical modifications of the molecule, such as the esterification with benzyl alcohol (Hyaff-11® biomaterials), have made possible the production of water-insoluble polymers that have been manufactured in various forms: membranes, gauzes, nonwoven meshes, gels, tubes. All these biomaterials are used as wound-covering, anti-adhesive devices and as scaffolds for tissue engineering, such as epidermis, dermis, micro-vascularized skin, cartilage and bone. In this review, the essential biological functions of HA and the applications of its derivatives for pharmaceutical and tissue regeneration purposes are reviewed.

scholarly journals Marine-Derived Polymeric Materials and Biomimetics: An Overview

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Claverie ◽  
Colin McReynolds ◽  
Arnaud Petitpas ◽  
Martin Thomas ◽  
Susana C. M. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Fish Mucus ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Structural Colouration ◽  
Physicochemical And Structural Properties

The review covers recent literature on the ocean as both a source of biotechnological tools and as a source of bio-inspired materials. The emphasis is on marine biomacromolecules namely hyaluronic acid, chitin and chitosan, peptides, collagen, enzymes, polysaccharides from algae, and secondary metabolites like mycosporines. Their specific biological, physicochemical and structural properties together with relevant applications in biocomposite materials have been included. Additionally, it refers to the marine organisms as source of inspiration for the design and development of sustainable and functional (bio)materials. Marine biological functions that mimic reef fish mucus, marine adhesives and structural colouration are explained.

scholarly journals Hyaluronic acid and neural stem cells: implications for biomaterial design

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (40) ◽  
pp. 7850-7866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zin Z. Khaing ◽  
Stephanie K. Seidlits
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
System P ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Advanced Biomaterials

While in the past hyaluronic acid (HA) was considered a passive structural component, research over the past few decades has revealed its diverse and complex biological functions resulting in a major ideological shift. This review describes recent advances in biological interactions of HA with neural stem cells, with a focus on leveraging these interactions to develop advanced biomaterials that aid regeneration of the central nervous system.

Membrane–cytoskeleton interactions in cholesterol-dependent domain formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer N. Byrum ◽  
William Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Membrane Rafts ◽  
Membrane Domains ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Membrane Cytoskeleton ◽  
Heterogeneous Structures ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Model Cell ◽  
Actomyosin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Dependent Domain

Since the inception of the fluid mosaic model, cell membranes have come to be recognized as heterogeneous structures composed of discrete protein and lipid domains of various dimensions and biological functions. The structural and biological properties of membrane domains are represented by CDM (cholesterol-dependent membrane) domains, frequently referred to as membrane ‘rafts’. Biological functions attributed to CDMs include signal transduction. In T-cells, CDMs function in the regulation of the Src family kinase Lck (p56lck) by sequestering Lck from its activator CD45. Despite evidence of discrete CDM domains with specific functions, the mechanism by which they form and are maintained within a fluid and dynamic lipid bilayer is not completely understood. In the present chapter, we discuss recent advances showing that the actomyosin cytoskeleton has an integral role in the formation of CDM domains. Using Lck as a model, we also discuss recent findings regarding cytoskeleton-dependent CDM domain functions in protein regulation.

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