scholarly journals The Effects of Recyling on Economy: The Case of Usage of Scrapped Tires in Construction Industry

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hümeyra Tosun ◽  
Fatih Kürşat Fırat
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
World Population ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Materials Recycling

Today, rapidly industrialization and an accompanying increase of the world population cause diminishing of the limited amount of natural resources. The purpose of this study is to examine the recycling applications in the construction industry and to investigate the contribution of scrapped tires to construction industry and national economy. The construction industry is one of the fields that has the largest raw material consumption. Due to the high demand for the construction materials recycling is often employed and provide a significant economic contribution. Today, scrapped tires both exist abundantly and are currently worthless wastes. This wastes not only pollute the environment but also cause negative effects on the human healthy. Because of this reason, old tires are either reduced to certain dimension or melted in the recycling plants. The new products that therefore emerges is added in to the hot mix asphalt and then used in highway constructions, which are a significant capital expenditure for the national economy. As a result of this study, it is reveal that recycling in the construction industry has very significant positive contribution to natural environment and the existing recycling resources are not well-utilized. Moreover, the applications that have been done so far provided significant contributions to the national economy. Consequently, recycling studies should be speeded up and governmental supports should be put into practice.

scholarly journals The Development of Recycling in the Construction Industry and Its Effect on the Economy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Kürşat Fırat ◽  
Fahri Akbaş
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
World Population ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
The Impact

The growth in world population, global climate change, consumption habits of people, and the excessive use of prime materials, causes natural resources to decline rapidly. We waste more energy during the process of production, operation and transportation of materials than ever. Perhaps one of the most important challenges that our generation faces is to create an economy that prevents waste. Considering limited resources, countries are searching for new methods of recycling and reusing waste material. Recycling is one primary way to reduce the consumption of natural resources. Waste material can go through a reproduction process with various physical and chemical transformation methods. The recycling of petrochemicals used in the automotive industry, electrical appliances, steel and cement industries, and the improvement of the transportation sector can reduce energy consumption and raw material significantly. Investment in recycling facilities can maximize profits by turning waste back into the economy. In Turkey, the improvements on the subject of recycling of materials such as plastics and paper are observed. However, we almost see no recycling in the construction industry, except iron and steel sector. Demolition materials in other countries are included in the reproduction processes through recycling. Thus both the benefits of reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions are at a minimum. Therefore, this study focuses on the recycling in the Turkey construction industry. The research also investigates the impact of recycling of construction materials to the economy and the environment based on the data and knowledge obtained from some European countries.

Alternative Concrete – Geopolymer Concrete

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Alkali Activated

Concrete is the most versatile, durable and reliable material and is the most used building material. It requires large amounts of Portland cement which has environmental problems associated with its production. Hence, an alternative concrete – geopolymer concrete is needed. The general aim of this book is to make significant contributions in understanding and deciphering the mechanisms of the realization of the alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymer concrete and, at the same time, to present the main characteristics of the materials, components, as well as the influence that they have on the performance of the mechanical properties of the concrete. The book deals with in-depth research of the potential recovery of fly ash and using it as a raw material for the development of new construction materials, offering sustainable solutions to the construction industry.

scholarly journals A Review on the Performance of Concrete Containing Non-Potable Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6729
Author(s):  
Babar Ali ◽  
Rawaz Kurda ◽  
Jorge de Brito ◽  
Rayed Alyousef
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Technical Properties ◽  
Industrial Sewage

Construction industries consume huge amounts of potable water during activities such as washing of aggregates, stone crushing, manufacturing, and curing of concrete, mortars, grouts, and wetting of masonry bricks. It is also responsible for wastewater generated during the finishing and cleaning of buildings and construction equipment. Therefore, the water-footprint of construction industry cannot be ignored to reach the state-of-the art sustainability. This study reviewed the technical properties of construction materials made with non-potable water (NPW), i.e., domestic and industrial sewage. The study identified the positive and negative effects of non-potable water on the fresh- and hardened-state properties of concrete. This study also identified the gaps in the literature that can be analysed in order to produce reliable information related to the use of different types of NPW on the properties of concrete.

scholarly journals VOC Emissions from Spruce Strands and Hemp Shive: In Search for a Low Emission Raw Material for Bio-Based Construction Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Adamová ◽  
Jaromír Hradecký ◽  
Marek Prajer
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Volatile Organic

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) reduce indoor air quality. They are associated with negative effects on human health and wellbeing. In terms of legislation requirements and consumer pressure, VOCs from engineered wood materials are reduced due to use of water based additives and adhesives in their formulation. Therefore, the main source of VOCs remains the raw material—the wood itself. Alternatives to wood strands, annual plant materials, are tested nowadays due to their advantages: The short cycle; the raw material is sourced naturally and can be produced more sustainably; and faster sequestering atmospheric carbon. The aim of this work was to investigate volatile organic compounds emitted from untreated and chemically treated hemp shive and compare the emission characteristics to soft wood strands. Simple, yet effective chemical treatments, like tartaric acid, citric acid and sodium bicarbonate were used in order to reduce VOC emissions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was used to analyse the volatile compounds emissions. Specific VOCs like acetic acid; Benzaldehyde; hexanal, α-, β-pinenes; limonene and camphene were monitored before and after the treatments. Non-target screening was performed to identify the most responsible compound for differentiation of samples according to their treatments. Comparing untreated samples, spruce strands showed highest amounts of total VOCs, while untreated hemp shive showed the lowest. Further, due to the chemical modification of hemp woody core components, such as hemicelluloses, lignin, and extractives, the key VOCs showed significant changes leading to an increase in the amount of total emissions.

scholarly journals OIL PRICES DROP EFFECT ON CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN KUWAIT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Al-Tabtabai ◽  
◽  
Ehab Soliman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Price Decline ◽  
Oil Revenue ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
Study Results

The oil price has fallen significantly from its peak at $128.14 per barrel in March 2012, reaching a low of $29 in February 2016. Kuwait depends mainly on oil revenue to finance infrastructure governmental projects. Oil price decline has a direct impact on economic and capital expenditure in the construction industry’s resources in Kuwait, specifically construction material. This research investigates the effect of changes in oil prices over range from 2007-2017 on the construction industry in Kuwait. Different types of data regarding global economic data, construction materials, and awarded contracts during the study period were gathered and analyzed. A set of statistical and correlation analysis are performed. The study revealed that many construction materials are affected by oil price in Kuwait. The GDP is highly affected by oil price drop; this implies that there is a limited result of government plans to divers governmental finance. A regression model is proposed to forecast the construction cost per square meter in Kuwaiti dinar based on study variables. The study results can be used to evaluate the effect of oil price drop in similar construction environments such as Gulf countries and to predict construction costs changes due to oil price decline.

Effects of GMO agricultural products on living things

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ERCAN ÇATAK ◽  
Ali ATALAY
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
World Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Living Creature

By obtaining changes on gene sequences of living things with the applied biotechnological methods; The idea of "Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)", which aims to bring the living creature in question the original gene combinations with the desired characteristics, came to life in the late twentieth century. Despite the high probability that hunger problems may increase with the increasing world population; It is thought that plant breeding with classical farming methods will be insufficient in solving these problems. With various GMO applications developed all over the world, it aims to produce solutions to these problems. With the presence of GMO, it was possible to increase the shelf life of qualitative and quantitative values of the existing foods. In addition, decreases in agricultural use of pesticides used in agricultural struggle and threatening human health with GMO production are noteworthy. However, some concerns about anomalies that may occur in living things fed GMO products remain on the agenda. Because, in the long term, there is no clear and precise information that GMO will not have negative effects on living things; There are many recorded incidents showing their negative effects.

scholarly journals Investigations of Museum Indoor Microclimate and Air Quality. Case Study from Romania

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Dorina Camelia Ilieș ◽  
Florin Marcu ◽  
Tudor Caciora ◽  
Liliana Indrie ◽  
Alexandru Ilieș ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Museum Exhibits ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds

Poor air quality inside museums is one of the main causes influencing the state of conservation of exhibits. Even if they are mostly placed in a controlled environment because of their construction materials, the exhibits can be very vulnerable to the influence of the internal microclimate. As a consequence, museum exhibits must be protected from potential negative effects. In order to prevent and stop the process of damage of the exhibits, monitoring the main parameters of the microclimate (especially temperature, humidity, and brightness) and keeping them in strict values is extremely important. The present study refers to the investigations and analysis of air quality inside a museum, located in a heritage building, from Romania. The paper focuses on monitoring and analysing temperature of air and walls, relative humidity (RH), CO2, brightness and particulate matters (PM), formaldehyde (HCHO), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC). The monitoring was carried out in the Summer–Autumn 2020 Campaign, in two different exhibition areas (first floor and basement) and the main warehouse where the exhibits are kept and restored. The analyses aimed both at highlighting the hazard induced by the poor air quality inside the museum that the exhibits face. The results show that this environment is potentially harmful to both exposed items and people. Therefore, the number of days in which the ideal conditions in terms of temperature and RH are met are quite few, the concentration of suspended particles, formaldehyde, and total volatile organic compounds often exceed the limit allowed by the international standards in force. The results represent the basis for the development and implementation of strategies for long-term conservation of exhibits and to ensure a clean environment for employees, restorers, and visitors.

scholarly journals Using Satellite Data to Analyse Raw Material Consumption in Hanoi, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Alessandro Novellino ◽  
Teresa J. Brown ◽  
Tom Bide ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Thục Anh ◽  
Evi Petavratzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Agricultural Areas

In this work, we provide an innovative route for analysing urban expansion and population growth and their link to the consumption of construction materials by combining satellite data with material consumption analysis within the Hanoi Province (Vietnam). Urban expansion is investigated with the use of landcover maps for the period 1975–2020 derived from satellite. During this period, artificial surfaces and agricultural areas have increased by 11.6% and 15.5%, respectively, while forests have decreased by 26.7%. We have used publicly available datasets to calculate and forecast the construction materials consumption and measure its statistical correlation with urban expansion between 2007 and 2018. Our results show that official figures for sand consumption are currently underestimated, and that by 2030, steel and sand and gravel consumption will increase even further by three and two times, respectively. Our analysis uses a new method to assess urban development and associated impacts by combining socio-economic and Earth Observation datasets. The analysis can provide evidence, underpin decision-making by authorities, policymakers, urban planners and sustainability experts, as well as support the development of informed strategies for resource consumption. It can also provide important information for identifying areas of land conservation and ecological greenways during urban planning.

scholarly journals Self-Cleaning Concrete for Landscaping Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 05004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana-Maria Mircea
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Catalytic Material ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Agriculture Water

Negative effects of environmental pollution pose a significant risk to agriculture, water resources and human health. This can however be reduced by selecting appropriate materials in construction and landscape architecture. It is well-known that strong sunlight or ultraviolet light decomposes many organic materials in a slow natural process. Photocatalytic substances accelerate this process and when used in concrete (which is one of the most widely used construction materials), permit the treatment of pollutants close to their source by applying a self-cleaning principle: decomposing organic materials, biological materials and pollutants into molecules like oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, nitrates, and sulphates. Catalytic material activation will start due to energy that is received from sunlight (it also can be activated using artificial lights), and self-cleaning begins when this material is activated. Beside other properties, this innovative self-cleaning concrete also keeps its colour for far longer than other traditional building materials, making it a desirable solution for landscaping applications.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AS A DRIVER FOR SUSTAINABILITY: STATE OF IMPLEMENTATION, BENEFITS AND BARRIERS IN GERMAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Simon SCHMIDT ◽  
Rainard OSEBOLD
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Environmental Management Systems ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable ◽  
Corporate Business

The construction industry, as one of almost every economy’s major generators of environmental impact, can contribute in large measure to achieving the goals of sustainability. However, most publications in this field deal with sustainability with reference to selecting construction materials and improvements in the operating phase of buildings. When considering ecological sustainability the focus has to be extended from the finished building to the building pro­cess. Therefore the actors of the construction sector who are responsible for the production process have to be studied: the construction companies. The goal of this paper is to study the state of ecologically sustainable corporate business management in construction. The state of application of elements of environmental management systems (EMS) is used as an indicator of the current situation in German construction companies. EMS can help continuously to environmen­tally improve the operating processes of the firms. A broad survey about the extent of EMS has been conducted consid­ering the barriers and drivers. In general, a relatively low interest in EMS and a lack of knowledge is noticeable within the sector. As a result, strategic recommendations are made on how to promote environmental management to foster sustainable thinking in the German construction industry.

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