scholarly journals Influence of R&D and Innovation on Development in Emerging Markets

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Soyu ◽  
Serdar Altınok ◽  
Emine Fırat
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
New Era ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
The Impact

The concept of development has been interpreted in different ways from past to present. This concept was discussed previously on economic, social and cultural aspects; but now it has transformed into concepts like human capital, education, health, innovation, technological development and poverty. A country needs producing for development, and it is necessary to increase efficiency for obtaining profits from this production. At this point the inclination to R&D and innovation is increasing. Today, it is experiencing the transition of a new era. This process can be distinguished by technological change resulted from knowledge creation, innovation and R&D. In addition to the production factors, knowledge and technology have become indispensable where the importance is increasing. R&D and innovation are seen as factors which are increasing economic growth, prosperity and quality of life and which provide competitiveness and productivity growth between countries. In this study, R&D and innovation activities are evaluated and their importance are highlighted in the issue of development for emerging markets. The increasing R&D and innovation projects provided that resources are using more effectively and efficiently by contributing to the development of emerging markets. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of R&D and innovation on development by considering sample emerging markets economies and to make the attention of the scientific community focus on these issues.

Breakthrough Technologies: New Directions in Economic and Social Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227-1235
Author(s):  
V. D. Ardzinov ◽  
N. V. Chepachenko ◽  
A. A. Leont’ev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Impact

The presented study examines the comparative characteristics of industrial revolution targets, national goals, and strategic objectives for the development of the Russian economy; proposes methods for measuring and evaluating technological development; describes its impact on economic growth and shows the performance of enterprises.Aim. The study aims to determine the specific features of formation of economic and social development targets and the potential of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, for shaping the technological development of the Russian economy; to propose methods for measuring and evaluating technological development and its impact on the growth and development of the national economy that would improve the quality of economic and managerial decision-making.Tasks. The authors clarify the interpretation of the concept of breakthrough technologies; identify distinctive features in the formation of industrial revolution targets and priority targets for the development of the Russian economy; substantiate methodological approaches to identifying parameters and indicators, methods for measuring and evaluating the level of technological development, its impact on the results of changes in economic growth and development of the national economy and its economic entities.Methods. The authors use the methods of scientific research, theoretical and comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, general theory of economic growth, and elements of the economic efficiency theory.Results. The interpretation of breakthrough technologies as dominant new technologies that can ensure accelerated progressive development of the economy and minimize damage to the natural environment is clarified. The distinctive features of formation of industrial revolution targets and their relationship with the targets for the development of the Russian economy are identified. Evaluative features are substantiated; indicators for measuring and evaluating the transformation of the technological development of enterprises engaged in different activities and indicators for measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on economic growth and development are proposed. The influence of the recommended measurement and evaluation methods on improving the quality of management decisions is shown.Conclusions. The study substantiates the need to improve methods for assessing the actual achieved (projected, planned) level of technological development as a necessary prerequisite for its qualitative analysis, evaluation, control, and monitoring required to make sound economic and managerial decisions. The proposed methods for measuring and evaluating technological development, measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on the quality of economic growth, efficiency and competitiveness of the national economy (region, industry, activity, enterprises) improve the quality of managerial decision-making in achieving national goals for the development of the national economy.

scholarly journals Cultural impact on traditional Sudanese human settlement patterns

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Elwaleed Abdelaziz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Major Element ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
New Era ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

Sudan is a unique country which is located in the continent of Africa and inhabited by many diversified ethnic and cultural groups. This diversity of its population was an outcome of a process of migrations that took place since a long time ago in history, from different parts of Africa, Asia and other continents. The indigenous settlements of the different Sudanese population groups manifest different and distinct spatial as well as socio – cultural patterns. The colonial period in Sudan represents a new era in the transformation of different aspects of life in the country. The impact of the colonial policies in the indigenous Sudanese towns was remarkable. Human shelter and settlement are natural outcomes of the efforts of man in controlling nature and seeking refuge and safety for himself and his family against aggressions of other living creatures. They vary in size and form from one group of people to another and from time to time. Space which is a major element of the built environment is handled differently by different groups of people. This paper attempts to focus on the interaction between the socio – cultural aspects and the spatial ones of the designed space and their impact on each other; a theme which has always been neglected in the official housing and planning policies of this country.

scholarly journals A new era for the music industry: How new technologies and the internet affect the way music is valued and have an impact on output quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassos Patokos
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Internet ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Past ◽  
Output Quality ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Since its early days, the Internet has been used by the music industry as a powerful marketing tool to promote artists and their products. Nevertheless, technology developments of the past ten years, and especially the ever-growing phenomenon of file sharing, have created the general impression that the Internet is responsible for a crisis within the industry, on the grounds that music piracy has become more serious than it has ever been. The purpose of this paper is to present the impact of new technologies and the Internet on the three main actors of the music industry: consumers, artists and record companies. It is claimed that the Internet has changed the way music is valued, and also, that it may have a direct effect on the quality of the music produced, as perceived by both artists and consumers alike.

The Influence of the Quality of the Institutional Environment on the Development of Real and Financial Sectors of the Chinese Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
N. Shash ◽  
T. Fam
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Financial Depth ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of the quality of the institutional environment on the development of the real and financial sectors of the economy. To assess the formation of the institutional environment, a set of qualitative and quantitative indicators was used. As indicators for assessing the development of the financial sector, it is proposed to use indicators of financial depth. Based on the use of correlation analysis tools, correlations between indicators of financial depth and indicators for assessing the formation of the institutional environment were identified. Based on the identified most significant correlations, taking into account institutional factors, diagnostic models were constructed, the use of which allowed us to build three forecast scenarios for changes in the financial depth of the Chinese financial system for the period up to 2030: optimistic, optimistic and basic. Arguments are presented that prove the weakness of the institutional environment of the Chinese economy, not only in comparison with the most developed economies, but also in emerging markets due to the preservation of certain characteristics of the transition economy, which hinders the development of the financial sector and market mechanisms. It is revealed that in the short term, further expansion of state participation in the Chinese financial market in a weak institutional environment may have a positive effect, but in the long term, an increase in state presence may become an obstacle to institutional development. Testing of the proposed tools of correlation analysis on the materials of the United States showed that indicators of the financial depth of the financial systems of developed countries with a high level of development of institutions have much weaker correlations with indicators of the formation of the institutional environment than in countries with emerging markets characterized by low quality of institutions.

Improving Wiki Article Quality Through Crowd Coordination

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Lykourentzou ◽  
Dimitrios J. Vergados ◽  
Yannick Naudet
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge ◽  
Simulation Systems ◽  
Article Quality ◽  
The Web

In this paper the authors propose a crowd coordination mechanism to increase the quality of articles produced in wiki systems. Wikis constitute promising social digital ecosystems for collaborative knowledge creation on the Web. However, as a result of the purely self-coordinated manner that they function, they cannot ensure the quality of the produced articles - an issue that affects their reliability and acceptance. The authors show that wiki article quality optimization can be formulated as a resource allocation problem. Contributors are selected from the wiki community crowd according to their skills, and matched to the articles they can improve the most. A model of the English Wikipedia is given, parameterized and validated from recent field studies results. Experimental results were obtained with simulation systems implementing this model and on a series of scenarios, which include an analysis of the impact of using semantic relations between wiki domains. The obtained results indicate that the proposed mechanism can lead to the production of wiki articles of higher quality, compared to the respective results achieved by the fully self-coordinated wiki.

scholarly journals Methods of assessing the efficiency of innovation activities of industrial enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 07029
Author(s):  
Nikolay Voytolovskiy ◽  
Andrey Butyrin ◽  
Andrey Chizhik
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to improve the methods for assessing the efficiency of innovation activity of an enterprise. The paper proposes a system of economic indicators to assess the market attractiveness of innovation projects and the readiness of the enterprise to implement them. Using these indicators, it is possible to predict the potential of an innovative product on the market, as well as to determine the financial and economic opportunities of the enterprise. The presented methods for assessing the impact of innovations on the development efficiency of the enterprise’s economic activities allow determining the growth rates of the main economic indicators of the organization. The developed mechanism for a comprehensive assessment of the implementation of innovations at the enterprise allows determining the commercial effectiveness of the introduction of innovations and the impact of new technologies on the intercompany results of the enterprise, resulting in the possibility of taking into account the commercial and intercompany efficiency of investment in projects.

scholarly journals The impact of Court Fairness on Innovation: Firm-Level Evidence from World Enterprise Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355
Author(s):  
Syed Mumtaz Ali Kazmi ◽  
Waqar Ahmad ◽  
Hira Zulfiqar ◽  
Syed Muhammad Imran
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Policy Proposal ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Enterprise Survey ◽  
The Impact

Innovation works as an engine of growth for the country and the backbone for the performance of the firm. Pakistan is a developing country and it is lagging behind in terms of innovation activities in the region. In Pakistan, due to the weaker quality of institutions, court fairness is biased. The objective of the study was to measure the effect of court fairness on the innovation of the firm in the case of Pakistan using the World Enterprise Survey. The results of the study indicate that court fairness increases the likelihood of innovation. From the perspective of the policy proposal, it is suggested that proper reforms in the judicial system must be initiated and it is the utmost need of the society, firms, and the nation as a whole.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF FORESTRY AND DEGREE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL AND NATURAL FACTORS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Иван Гарус ◽  
Ivan Garus ◽  
Шуфан Янь ◽  
Shufan Yan'
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Operator Training ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
The Impact

When implementing the technological process in the forest for logging operations, various factors influence, as well as taxation indicators such as (average diameter, height of the stand, reserve per hectare, availability of growth, completeness, etc.), natural climatic factors (Soil type carrying capacity of soils, depth of snow cover, etc.), degree of operator training, etc. One of the main tasks of rational justification of the technological process of cutting areas development is to find and combine controlled factors, at which performance indicators would be extreme. The most suitable variant of the technological development of the cutting area assumes what should be the intensity of logging, the layout of the cutting area, the number of loading points, and the productivity of harvesting machines. This task will be solved taking into account the influence of logging equipment and technology on the forest environment. The state of the stand left for growing after selective felling and its further development depends on the machine systems used in logging operations. The most important factor in the development of felling areas is the degree of intensity of felling. Since the quality of logging operations will depend on the method of cutting in the development of the cutting area (from the point of view of the impact on the natural environment, the soil cover, the left part of the stand, the adolescent).

scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities of Digital Transformations in the Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
І. ARTEMIEVA
Keyword(s):  
Digital Economy ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Core Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The article gives accounts of change taking place in the economy under the impact of digital transformations. The article’s objective is to highlight opportunities and threats in the operation of economic entities at various levels, caused by the development of digital economy, with outlining potential ways of effective management of this change. It is argued that digitalization is capable to radically transform the economy. Core characteristics of the digital economy are analyzed, and the most significant economic effects from digitalization are highlighted: the increasing labor productivity and employment, the increasing effectiveness of markets, the increasing quality of existing goods and services and the growing output of newly created ones. The essential principles to be met by government offices in order to maximize domestic benefits from the digital revolution are determined. Digitalization effects are analyzed at industry level, with outlining the categories of industries more and less exposed to digital transformations. At company level, opportunities and threats for individual companies, essential problems related with their adaptation to new conditions, and main features of leader companies are determined. Changes in the activities of individuals, triggered by digitalization, are described. It is concluded that while the digital economy decreases the significance of traditional production factors, qualities like flexibility, adaptability, creativity, innovativeness, orientation on knowledge and learning lifelong become crucially important.   

scholarly journals Ethics of Public Administration in the Era of Technology Disruption and Government Innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-141
Author(s):  
Lia Muliawaty ◽  
Dyah Bayu Framesthi
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Government Innovation

Good public administration services are the main thing in running a quality government. Therefore, ethics is a major part of maintaining the quality of public administration services, especially in the era of Industry 4.0 which needs to also apply ethics in using technology. The purpose of this study is to examine the formation and implementation of ethics in public administration in the era of government innovation disruption due to technological development and disruption. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method which is sourced from various literature both primary and secondary, then an analysis of the various literature is carried out. Descriptive analysis results show that technology has become an indispensable need in government, in various fields and activities. Where, the disruption of the technology also impacts on various government innovations that really need ethics, especially on public services to avoid mal-administration. The impact of this research is knowledge of the importance of awareness of implementing ethics in public administration services in the era of technological disruption to improve the quality of government services.

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