scholarly journals Pathophysiology and clinical symp toms of acute radiation syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Kudła ◽  
Arkadiusz Trzos ◽  
Karol Łyziński
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acute Radiation ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Acute Radiation Syndrome ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The use of radiation sources in various areas of life generates the risk of accidents and radiation disasters. The increase in terrorist threats as well as the risk of an outbreak of new armed conflicts carries the risk of using radioactive materials by terrorist groups and the military. Exposure to high doses of radiation and absorbing above-threshold doses by victims may cause acute radiation syndrome (ARS), as well as some distant effects. Personnel of the State Emergency Medical System (EMS) will be the first professional medical team in the process of providing assistance to such victims. The effects of further medical treatment in the hospital will depend on EMS’s first response, radiological triage and initial interventions taken. The aim: To present pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of acute radiation syndrome in the context of the medical practice of the EMS. Material and methods: For the purpose of this publication, an analysis of literature on the subject of the mechanism of ionizing radiation and its effects on the human body was performed. The work is focused on the interpretation of research results and their presentation from the EMS’s perspective. Results: The publication presents the impact of ionizing radiation on the body, the mechanism of damage to cellular structures and its consequences for individual organs and systems. ARS’s clinical (hematopoietic, intestinal, cerebrovascular) syndromes were discussed in detail, paying attention to radiation doses, the sensitivity of individual systems and organs, the dynamics of individual phases, as well as the ability to recognize and assess the severity of their progression by EMS personnel. Conclusions: The knowledge of pathophysiology, and ARS’s symptoms and dynamics is important to respond correctly to radiation incidents. This knowledge allows for efficient organization and emergency management during rescue operations. The increase in the risk of radiation incidents and radiation disasters generates the need for appropriate preparation of emergency rescuers, in particular, of the medical personnel of the State Emergency Medical Services.

scholarly journals Hygienic Assessment of New Forms of Organizing Studies in a Medical Pre-University

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
VR Kuchma ◽  
AYu Makarova ◽  
OV Tikashkina
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Impact

Background: Transition to machine learning, personalized medicine, and high-tech healthcare requires up-todate medical personnel. The higher medical school is transforming the system of training specialists using modern digital technologies and is starting education in the associated pre-universities, thus necessitating research into effects of current technologies on the functional state of high school students. Materials and methods: In April 2019, based on voluntary informed consent, we examined 181 healthy Moscow medical pre-university students (15–17 years of age) and assessed the impact of learning on the central nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and visual analyzer. Results: Traditional lessons in the pre-university are combined with project activities and development of practical skills. Phantom and simulation technologies along with modular construction of the curriculum are used to form practical knowledge and skills. The study load of 38–40 hours a week exceeds hygienic standards. Individual project activities in small groups (up to five students) with teachers last 20 hours a week. Simulation classes are held once a week after the main classes and last 90 minutes with a 5-minute break. Classes using simulation technologies are not always hygienically rational. Study loads, specifics of the timetable and teaching techniques approximated to university ones are adequate to functional capabilities of the body of medical pre-university students. Simulation classes cause no pronounced deviations in the neuromuscular apparatus of students. Most students demonstrate high stress tolerance and a greater motivational readiness for simulation exercises. Emotional tension and high anxiety rates are almost similar during traditional lessons and simulation activities on phantoms. Conclusions: It is advisable to make wider use of modern digital (simulation, phantom, virtual) and design and research teaching technologies including in medical classes of educational institutions.

scholarly journals The Impact of Tax Administration on Revenue Generation in Gombe State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Stephen N
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Revenue Generation ◽  
The Impact

Taxes<em> have been the bedrock of revenue generation to any government. The administration of tax is very important to any government as it is the body responsible for implementing and governing the tax laws and other tax related to assessment, collection and remittance of tax. This study is aimed at ascertaining the effect of tax administration on revenue generation in Gombe state. The study uses survey research design. The primary source of data collection was adopted, which analysed using descriptive statistics was made up of frequencies and simple percentages. Cronbach's Alpha diagnose was carried out to seek for reliability of the questions contained in the questionnaire Three Hypotheses were presented in this research and were tested using Spearman’s Rank correlation, Pearson correlation and linear regression. Research findings indicated that Tax Administration in the state is not efficient and effective. The study revealed further that revenue generated in the state is low to meet its objectives due to low level of enlightenment of tax payers and incidents of tax evasion and tax avoidance. To this end, the study recommends, among others, that authorities should embark on more enlightenment campaign of citizens on the significance of paying Personal Income Tax, the quality and efficiency of tax workers should be improved so that more effective administration will be achieved and automation of the system.</em>

The Acute Radiation Syndrome in Dogs after Total-Body Exposure to a Supralethal Dose of Ionizing Radiation (Co 60 LD 100/88 hours )

1960 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Wing Handford ◽  
Paul J. Stonestreet ◽  
Paul W. Johnson ◽  
Leonard A. Freedman ◽  
John H. Flint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Acute Radiation ◽  
Acute Radiation Syndrome ◽  
Total Body

PATHOGENETIC MARKERS OF ECOLOGICALLY RELATED RESPIRATORY DISEASES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (62) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Татьяна Виткина ◽  
Tatyana Vitkina ◽  
Людмила Веремчук ◽  
Lyudmila Veremchuk ◽  
Ирина Симонова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
The People ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Diseases ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the research is to examine the relationship between the integral parameters of respiratory function, the values of LPO-AOD system and NO level at bronchopulmonary pathology in individuals living in different ecological areas of the city of Vladivostok. 206 patients living in different ecological conditions (healthy individuals, patients with respiratory disorders) were examined. Lung function and the state of LPO-AOD system were studied; the concentration of NO metabolites was assessed in blood serum. The nature and strength of the impact of environmental factors on respiratory function, the state of LPO-AOD, NO level were studied by the method based on correlation analysis. There was calculated power index (D) which was differentiated into power within the system (Ds) which in its turn reflects the in-system interrelationship tension (LPO-AOD, respiratory) and power between systems (Dm) characterizing the activity of interconnections and response to an external stimulus. Intra-system dependences typical for the unfavorable zone were viewed in relation to the favorable zone. It was found out that in ecologically unfavorable regions in individuals with different bronchopulmonary pathologies the value of Ds increases. This indicates that the pathogenic influence of environmental factors increases. In healthy people living in ecologically unfavourable area physiological adaptive-compensatory reaction of the body was revealed, which was proved by high power interconnections (Dm). In the patients with chronic bronchitis there was maintained an adequate level of functioning of the body systems studied. In patients with COPD living in an unfavourable zone there were found strong links between the indicators of the system of LPO-AOD and of NO, and in patients with bronchial asthma - supplementary relationship between lung function and NO. At the same time pathologic changes in the system of LPO-AOD and NO depend on the general pollution, metal and gas components contained in the air. Thus, the people with respiratory diseases being in environmentally unfavorable conditions have the most negative influence. The analysis of the activity of relationships proved that violations of interaction of LPO-AOD systems and NO in ecologically unfavorable regions may contribute to the occurrence and progression of bronchopulmonary diseases.

scholarly journals Strategic priorities and accountability for allocating the state budget amid Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Nanang Suparman
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The State ◽  
State Spending ◽  
Safety Nets ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Social Safety Nets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Health And Safety

This study explains about strategic priorities of state financial management for handling the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The impact of this pandemic has caused the country’s financial posture in the state budget to be unbalanced, where receipts have decreased while in state spending has increased very sharply. Such conditions imply that the state budget deficit's widening exceeds the limit set by the law. The method used in this research method is a descriptive qualitative approach using literature data that can provide analysis of strategies to change the state financial management amid the Covid-19 pandemic. The study concluded that the government's strategic response in abnormal situations is an extraordinary matter with budget allocation priorities aimed at public health and safety, including medical personnel, protection and social safety nets for vulnerable people, and protection among business people. However,  it requires accountable supervision, especially for the distribution of social assistance funds with experience prone to corruption practices so that it is not on target.

scholarly journals RECREATIONAL LANDS AS A COMPONENT OF HEALTH CARE: SOME ASPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2860-2864
Author(s):  
Olena M. Batyhina ◽  
Bogdan V. Derevyanko ◽  
Vitalii V. Kadala
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
It Services ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Special Protection

The aim: The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of recreational lands on human health and determine the priority forms of their use and protection. Materials and methods: International acts, data of international organizations and findings of scientists have been examined and used in the study. The article also summarizes information from scientific journals and monographs from a medical and legal point of view on the basis of scientific methods. This article is based on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic, and comprehensive research methods. Conclusions: Recreational lands positively influence human health through a powerful effect of natural healing resources in combination with health-improving and therapeutic procedures on the body, which is becoming increasingly popular, and in some cases, it is the most effective treatment of all. Recreational lands are an independent category of land with a special legal regime of use, characterized by a developed or undeveloped natural area containing natural resources for treatment, recovery, rehabilitation, and prevention of diseases, which are under the special protection of the state and territorial communities. Special protection of the state in today's conditions is extremely important because there has been a negative trend in Ukraine regarding raider attacks. The objects of such attacks are exclusively those companies that are competitive in the market, have achieved significant profits, and continue to develop their activities by creating new branches and introducing new technologies. In particular, attacks on the property of agricultural enterprises and business entities that carry out activities in the field of IT services have become frequent in recent years [1, p. 172]. The main target of attacks by raiders on agricultural enterprises is their land. Similarly, without state support and protection, recreational land can be the object of raider attacks. The priority form of using recreational land is the placement of resorts and sanatoriums that provide recreational services. Recreational lands can also be used for health improvement in the “wellness” form or within the framework of health tourism.

scholarly journals Effects of Ionizing Radiation and their Potential Risk on the Brain: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3&4) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Ghofrane Cherkaoui Salhi ◽  
Houda Filali
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The brain is considered as one of the most radioresistant organ in the body. However, more and more studies start to question this resistance. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the current available data regarding the impact of ionizing radiation on the brain with a focus on epidemiological/clinical studies.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC REGULATION FOR JOINTLY ACTING HARMFUL FACTORS AND METHODOLOGY OF ITS EXPERIMENTAL RATIONALE

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Yury N. Katulskiy
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Cooperative Agents ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
The Impact

With the combined action of agents, the toxic effect depends not only on the time and effects levels of each of them but also on the combinations in which these levels are located. The main problems in the experimental substantiation of hygienic regulations for this type of action are the determination of this dependence, the establishment with its help of safe combinations of exposure levels and their description. In the work methods of their solution are offered. This dependence is recommended to be obtained in the economical experiments proposed by the theory of mathematical planning. It is represented by a system of regression equations describing the dose dependencies observed at different moments after the onset of the impact (when indices are removed). In this case, the toxic effect is estimated by two indices, reflecting the degree of deviation of the state of the body of the experimental animals from the norm and the probability of this deviation. Effective and ineffective combinations are determined by this system of equations when substituting in them the values of the toxic effect corresponding to its presence or absence. In turn, hygienically safe combinations are determined by a system describing ineffective combinations of exposure levels that include stock coefficients that are reasonable for each agent. This system can be adopted as an experimentally valid hygiene regulation, which has the following advantages. It is determined by the results of the study of the joint rather than isolated action of agents, does not require the fulfillment of any conditions about the nature of this action (isoadditivity, etc.), and also takes into account not only the degree of deviation of the state of the organism of the experimental animals from the norm, but also the probability this deviation. In order to obtain the necessary information, we propose plans for experiments in which the number of groups of experimental animals is only one more than the number of cooperative agents. An example of the proposed approach is given.

Changes in working conditions of employees of public organizations/institutions under the influence of measures introduced to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (covid-19)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Petroye ◽  
Yu. Pizyhuk
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
State Organizations ◽  
The Impact

Problem setting. During the action of response to the epidemic in Ukraine in 2020 – 2021 [1-9], several additional rules, requirements, recommendations, restrictions on the behaviour by employees during to perform all or part of their work duties or to supply their services were introduced in the teams of enterprises, organizations, institutions, which significantly affected on the full implementation of labour and social rights established by international law, laws of Ukraine and collective agreements.  The materials presented in the article highlight are some generalized results of the survey of representatives of trade unions and employees of state organizations/institutions on the questionnaire "Status of observance of workers' rights in the context of changes introduced to prevent the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19)". Recent research and publications analysis. Noting the high interest of domestic and foreign scientists in the impact of coronavirus disease on various spheres of human life and society [13-15], special researches and materials of international organizations (ILO, WHO, OECD, etc.), it should be noted that the issue of workers' rights of the state organizations/institutions in the context of changes introduced to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease remain poorly described and poorly researched and little-understood subject. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The purpose of this article is to clarify the situation regarding changes in working conditions of employees of state organizations/institutions under the influence of measures introduced to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and substantiate the relevance of social dialogue as an effective tool for crisis management and increased protection of employees' rights workers of the state organizations/institutions and local governments in terms of COVID-19. Paper main body. The article highlight is some generalized results of the questionnaire survey conducted in April-May 2021 among employees of state organizations/institutions and representatives of their trade unions. The body of the text of the article reveals the idea and methodology of the questionnaire, reflects the assessments of employees of state organizations/institutions on employers' measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19, the state of affairs with the provider of individual and collective protection of employees in government organizations/institutions, the impact of measures to prevent the spread of COVID 19 on working conditions and the state of protection of workers' rights. According to the questionnaire results, the changes introduced as a result of COVID-19 led to an increase in the volume of work performed (40.0%), an increase in the complexity of work performed (45.5%), an increase in the duration of work performed (40.7%), a decrease in wages (17, 8%) employees. More than 52% of employees have faced and/or continue to face difficulties in adapting to the changes brought about by COVID-19: almost every tenth employee has personal difficulties in arranging a remote workplace (12.3%), mastering digital (online) work technologies (9.5%) etc. Most employees feel a lack and insufficient level of provision of labour protection measures by the administration of the organization/institution. And the incidence of coronavirus among employees of government organizations/ institutions is many times higher than the average incidence among the population of Ukraine (~ 5.3%) [20], and almost twice the incidence of COVID-19 among the adults' population in the country (~ 22%)) [21]. At the same time, only 30.8% of representatives of state organizations/ institutions expressed readiness to be vaccinated against coronavirus soon, 29.4% - against vaccination, another 39.8% - were undecided. And this is even though the fact that currently, about 65% of Ukrainians are ready to be vaccinated against COVID [21]. The results show a high level of psycho-emotional stress in which employees are due to long-standing fears for health (their own and family's) (38.9%), feelings of insecurity and anxiety (37.0%). Another 16.1% of workers are concerned about the decline in family income since the beginning of the pandemic and the deterioration of health (14.2%). Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The pandemic of COVID-19 has caused unprecedented problems and caused drastic changes in the activities of government organizations/institutions and changes in working conditions. These changes strengthen the responsibility of employers of government organizations/institutions for continuous monitoring of the situation, timely identification and effective implementation of tasks to take appropriate measures to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19 in workplaces. The priority of our further research is the development of social dialogue between employers and trade unions as a mechanism for ensuring labour and socio-economic rights of employees of government organizations/institutions.

The impact of immunocorrecting therapy on the state of blood lipid spectrum in pregnant with intrauterine infection

2017 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
N.A. Shcherbina ◽  
◽  
L.A. Vygovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lipid Spectrum

The objective: to study the effect of immunocorrecting therapy on the state of blood lipid spectrum in pregnant with intrauterine infection. Patients and methods. The study involved examination of three groups of pregnant with viral, bacterial and mixed infection. Each of the groups was divided into 2 subgroups: with subsequent implementation of infection in newborns and without it. Control group included patients with physiological pregnancy. The pregnant received immunocorrecting therapy. Blood serum was assessed to determine the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high, low and very low density lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL). Results. The study implied the assessment of the effect of the elaborated immunocorrecting complex on the state of blood lipid spectrum in pregnant with intrauterine infection. In the group of patients with viral infections, regardless of its subsequent implementation, the use of the developed therapeutic complex triggered activation of cholesterol metabolism and reduction of hypertriglyceridemia to normal TG content in blood. In patients with bacterial infection, regardless of its implementation, the performed treatment resulted in cholesterol metabolism normalization. In the subgroup with mixed infection in its implementation, the treatment neutralized triglyceridemia and normalized TG level. In the subgroup with mixed infection without its implementation, the treatment allowed to normalize the level of TG and VLDL and increase HDL. Conclusions. The use of the elaborated immunocorrecting therapy has a positive effect on the metabolism of lipids, which reflects the lipid profile of blood. The main effect of the treatment is the normalization of the levels of triglycerides in pregnant and their carriers VLDL, and this effect is manifested with all the variants of infection under investigation. The detected increase in the level of HDL is indicative of an increase in the reverse transport of cholesterol and activation of its metabolism. This allows us to consider that the use of this therapeutic complex stimulates compensatory metabolic processes in the body of pregnant women, despite the presence of infection. Key words: intrauterine infection, lipid spectrum, immunocorrecting therapy.

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